An Algorithm for Fingerprint Classification Using Template Matching Technique

Automatic fingerprint classification has received considerable attention over the past decade. Despite significant progress in this field, there are still rooms for improving the classification operation by continuing study and research in this field. This thesis describes a study of fingerprint classification using template matching technique. We have classified the fingerprints in four groups according to their pattern, which are Arch, Left loop, Right loop, and Whorl. We have discussed and explained the specification and the limitations of the fingerprint classification (the effect of corrupted and rotated input fingerprints on the accuracy of the classification operation). The thesis has analysed the mentioned technique and evaluated its strengths and limitation by comparing this technique with the singularities technique. This research has also included the pre-processing stage, which consist of enhancement, segmentation, and thinning of fingerprints

ACETYLENIC DIMERIZATION UNDER BASIC CONDITIONS

Objective: The lack of information concerning the pharmacological activity of amino acetylenic amide derivatives in which the cyclic amine is aziridine or azetidine promoted our interest to synthesize N-[4-(1-azeridinyl)-2-butynyl] pyrrolide-1,3-dione 4, N-[4-(1-azetidinyl)-2-butynyl] pyrrolidine-1,3-dione 5 and N-[4-(1-pyrrolidnyl)-2-butynyl]pyrrolide-1,3-dione 6.Methods: Melting points, IR, 1H-NMR 13CNMRspectra were measured.Results: Dimerization of 2-(prop-2-yn-1-yl) pyrrolidine-1,3-dione was generated rather than Mannich product, while using pyrrolidine as base in Mannich reaction generated the expected Mannich product. Rationalization for the mechanism of dimerization and Mannich adduct are discussed.Conclusion: Mannich reaction may afford the dimerization product of the acetylenic compounds rather than Mannich adduct.Â

Tomographic assessment of the spine in children with spondylocostal dysotosis syndrome

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to perform a detailed tomographic analysis of the skull base, craniocervical junction, and the entire spine in seven patients with spondylocostal dysostosis syndrome. METHOD: Detailed scanning images have been organized in accordance with the most prominent clinical pathology. The reasons behind plagiocephaly, torticollis, short immobile neck, scoliosis and rigid back have been detected. Radiographic documentation was insufficient modality. RESULTS: Detailed computed tomography scans provided excellent delineation of the osseous abnormality pattern in our patients. CONCLUSION: This article throws light on the most serious osseous manifestations of spondylocostal dysostosissyndrome

IN VITRO MICROBIAL TIME-KILLING CURVE FOR NEWLY SYNTHESIZED AMINOACETYLENIC-2-MERCAPTOBENZOTHIAZOLE COMPOUND

Objective: To determine the time needed for killing different types of microorganisms by a newly synthesized 2-mercapto-1,3-benzothiazole derivative in comparison to ciprofloxacin and fluconazole.Methods: The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) for 2-{[4-(2,6-dimethylPiperidin-1-yl)but-2-yn-1-yl]Sulfanyl}-1,3-benzothiazole(AZ3) compound were determined, using the broth dilution method. The MBC and MFC dilutions were prepared. Broth cultures of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis), Escherichia coli (E. coli), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) were incubated at 37 °C for 24 h, and Candida albicans (C. albicans) was incubated at 25 °C for 48 h. 0.1 ml of each broth culture represent 1.5 x 106 CFU/ml was challenged with 9.9 ml broth containing the MBC or MFC concentrations of the AZ3 compound. From each sample at different time intervals, 1 ml was taken and added to 9 ml of sterile distilled water, in order to neutralize the effect of AZ3. Serial dilution was done and a viable count was determined from the appropriate dilutions.Results: The viability of the P. aeruginosa, E. coli, S. aureus, B. subtilis and C. albicans were killed within 3.5 h, 5 h, 24 h, 3 h and 5 h respectively. The time killing curves showed that AZ3 needed longer time for killing S. aureus than the time needed to kill B. subtilis. On the other hand, AZ3 needed a shorter time to kill P. aeruginosa, than the time needed to kill E. coli. In comparison with ciprofloxacin, AZ3 needed a shorter time to kill P. aeruginosa and E. coli, and the same time to kill B. subtilis, while it needed longer time than ciprofloxacin to kill S. aureus. In comparison with fluconazole, AZ3 with lower MFC than fluconazole needed longer time to kill C. albicans.Conclusion: AZ3 showed promising antimicrobial killing activities, in compared with ciprofloxacin and fluconazole, which promoted our interest to investigate the time of killing needed for other 2-mercaptobenzothiazole derivatives against different types of microorganisms

The influence of natural and cultural environment on the fabric of the city, with special reference to Iraq.

The magical words 'protection' and 'leisure' convey the two concepts which together were responsible for shaping Man's shelter and settlement in the pre-industrial city, in such a way as to accommodate, whatever his estate, the individual's varied physical and biological requirements, within an environmental framework and the constraints of available natural resources. Since the Industrial Revolution sophisticated technology has increased Manis capacity for protection and leisure which has changed the dimensions of his lifestyle and become the dominant influence on the quality of life. However, the significance of technological advancement has extended far beyond this, especially in situations where it has been uncritically imported, without adaptation, often creating discord within the host community. This conflict will be the focal point of the thesis, which itself represents an attempt more closely to juxtapose the needs of Man and his environment with the tools of advanced technology, in order to achieve a pleasant and satisfactory urban fabric. This thesis commences with an historical analysis of different consecutive civilizations within a single context, in order better to understand Man's attempts at creating an environment fitted to his needs. It is followed by a consideration of the nature of human form and its capacity to adapt to change, together with an examination of the characteristics of the surrounding natural environment, the attendant natural and cultural resources, and Man's efforts to control and utilize them. The theoretical foundation has been developed through experimental studies and empirical research by case studies in Iraq. A detailed case study of urban fabric in Baghdad has analysed both traditional and modern housing areas. This analysis is also brought into a broader national perspective by further case analyses in different regions of Iraq. The case studies were carried out through personal observations and measurements, and an interview survey in Baghdad with a multi-phase random sample of 300 households. The assessments and conclusions from the case studies are used as a basis for a set of design principles and guides for future urban design in Iraq