Problems and prospects of the Russian Federation customs authorities digitalisation

Digital technologies are becoming an integral part of the modern society. They penetrate into all spheres of life and activity of mankind. Customs is no exception. The purpose of the study is to identify the problems and prospects for the introduction of digital technologies in the activities of the customs authorities of the Russian Federation. The methodological basis of the study is a set of measures of scientific knowledge, including general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, induction and deduction, as well as private scientific methods: system analysis, logical method. The study argues that customs operations are directly related to the extent to which digital technologies are developed and implemented in the activities of customs authorities. Despite all the obvious prospects for further digitalisation in the field of customs, there are certain problems. In the article, the author identifies the key issues of the Russian Federation customs authorities digitalisation. Based on the identified limitations, recommendations are made for their elimination, taking into account the current economic and geopolitical situation

Asymmetric injection of cathodic arc plasma into a macroparticle filter

The cathodic arc plasmas produced by cathode spots usually include macroparticles, which is undesirable for many applications. A common way of removing macroparticles is to use curved solenoid filters which guide the plasma from the source to the substrate. In this work, an arc source with relatively small cathode is used, limiting the possible locations of plasma production. The relative position of cathodic arc source and macroparticle filtered was systematically varied and the filtered plasma current was recorded. It was found that axis-symmetric plasma injection leads to maximum throughput only if an anode aperture was used, which limited the plasma to near-axis flow by scraping off plasma at larger angles to the axis. When the anode aperture was removed, more plasma could enter the filter. In this case, maximum filtered ion current was achieved when the plasma was injected off-axis, namely offset in the direction where the filter is curved. Such behavior was anticipated because the plasma column in the filter is known to be shifted by ExB and centrifugal drift as well as by non-axis-symmetric components of the magnetic field in the filter entrance and exit plane. The data have implications for plasma transport variations caused by different spot locations on cathodes that are not small compared to the filter cross section

PROTECTING COATINGS ON URANIUM

The short state-of-the-art review of the published works, concerning problems of the surface protection of uranium and its alloys from corrosion, mainly, from atmospheric and hydride corrosion is given. Are considered physics and techniques of deposition of antirust coatings by condensation from metals and their alloys plasma, generated by the cathode spot of an arc in vacuum and in tenuous atmosphere of inert and chemically active gases. The analysis of protective properties of coatings of a various composition is carried out. The most effective anticorrosive types of coatings and methods of their formation are revealed

Feasibility of study magnetic proximity effects in bilayer "superconductor/ferromagnet" using waveguide-enhanced Polarized Neutron Reflectometry

A resonant enhancement of the neutron standing waves is proposed to use in order to increase the magnetic neutron scattering from a "superconductor/ferromagnet"(S/F) bilayer. The model calculations show that usage of this effect allows to increase the magnetic scattering intensity by factor of hundreds. Aspects related to the growth procedure (order of deposition, roughness of the layers etc) as well as experimental conditions (resolution, polarization of the neutron beam, background etc) are also discussed. Collected experimental data for the S/F heterostructure Cu(32nm)/V(40nm)/Fe(1nm)/MgO confirmed the presence of a resonant 60-fold amplification of the magnetic scattering.Comment: The manuscript of the article submitted to Crysstalography Reports. 23 pages, 5 figure

Numerical simulation in roll pass design for bar rolling

The application of finite element simulation to the problem of roll pass design for round bar rolling is considered. Two roll pass sequences were developed by analytical methods and then optimized using 2.5D Finite Element Method (FEM). The first one is a classical oval-round roll pass design. The second one is a combination of flat rolls and round roll passes. Relying on the simulation data obtained by FEM, the roll gaps were adjusted to achieve the required bar shape and the uniform distribution of rolling force between the passes. Advantages and disadvantages of each roll pass design were considered.Web of Science541787

Анализ динамики международных торговых операций на рынке овощей и фруктов в России

Relevance. The structure of the food market is represented by various types of products, of which the largest share is taken by the fruit and vegetable sector. In the conditions of a tense political situation in the world and the establishment of barriers in foreign trade, agriculture is a strategically important branch of the Russian economy. Today, the fruit and vegetable sector of the Russian economy does not fully satisfy the needs of the population for vegetables and fruits. This is evidenced by the fact that the domestic market does not provide the population with high-quality vegetables and fruits, creates favorable conditions for filling it with foreign goods, which constitute about 35% of the consumer basket of Russians. All this leads to the need for additional analysis to identify trends in the development of the Russian market for fruits and vegetables and to identify priority areas for its development.Methods. The purpose of the article is to conduct an analysis of the main trends in the development of the Russian fruit and vegetable market, in order to determine the priority areas of its operation. The basis of the study was the statistical data of the customs authorities of the Russian Federation on the import and export of fruits and vegetables, as well as the federal service of state statistics on the volumes of production and consumption of fruits and vegetables in Russia.Results. As a result of the analysis of the state of the fruit and vegetable market in Russia in 2011-2018, carried out in the article. It can be stated that the population is experiencing a shortage of consumption of fruits and vegetables. Over the past eight years, imports exceeded exports in the structure of commodity circulation of fruits and vegetables, which indicates the dependence of the national market on foreign goods. The state of the fruit and vegetable market is influenced by the following factors: the level of development of the logistics infrastructure, material and technical equipment of enterprises, as well as the presence of sanctions and counter sanctions.Актуальность. Структура рынка продовольственных товаров представлена различными видами продукции, из которых наибольший удельный вес занимает сектор овощей и фруктов. В условиях напряженной политической обстановки в мире и установления барьеров во внешней торговле, сельское хозяйство выступает стратегически важной отраслью российской экономики. Сегодня плодоовощная отрасль российской экономики полностью не удовлетворяет потребности населения в овощах и фруктах. Об этом свидетельствует то, что внутренний рынок не обеспечивает население качественными овощами и фруктами, создает благоприятные условия для заполнения его иностранными товарами, которые составляют порядка 35% потребительской корзины россиян. Все это ведет к необходимости дополнительного анализа для выявления тенденций развития российского рынка плодоовощной продукции и выявлению приоритетных направлений его развития.Методы. Целью статьи является проведение анализа основных тенденций развития российского рынка овощей и фруктов, для определения приоритетных направлений его функционирования. Основой исследования стали статистические данные таможенных органов Российской Федерации по импорту и экспорту овощей и фруктов, а также федеральной службы государственной статистики по объемам производства, потребления плодоовощной продукции в России.Результаты. В результате проеденного анализа состояния рынка плодоовощной продукции в России в 2011-2018 годах можно констатировать, что население испытывает дефицит потребления плодоовощной продукции. На протяжении последних восьми лет в структуре товарооборота овощей и фруктов импорт превышает экспорт, что свидетельствует о наличии зависимости национального рынка от иностранных товаров. На состояние рынка плодоовощной продукции оказывают влияние следующие факторы: уровень развития логистической инфраструктуры, материально-технического оснащения предприятий, а также наличие санкций и контрсанкций

ОСОБЕННОСТИ ОБЛАЧНЫХ ПРЕДСТАВЛЕНИЙ ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫХ ПРОЦЕССОВ И ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ

In article are considered modern aspects of representation of information processes in promptly developing sphere – «cloudy» technology. On an example of activity of company Microsoft technological directions of possible «cloudy» decisions reveal.В статье рассматриваются современные аспекты представления информационных процессов в стремительно развивающейся сфере – «облачной» технологии. На примере деятельности компании Microsoft раскрываются технологические направления возможных «облачных» решений

Особенности функционирования рынка плодоовощной продукции в России

Relevance and methods. The structure of the food market is represented by various types of products, of which the largest share is in the fruit and vegetable sector. Given the tense political situation in the world and the establishment of barriers in foreign trade, agriculture is a strategically important sector of the Russian economy. Today, the fruit and vegetable branch of the Russian economy does not fully satisfy the population’s needs for fruits and vegetables. This is evidenced by the fact that the domestic market does not provide the population with high-quality vegetables and fruits, creates favorable conditions for filling it with foreign goods, which make up about 35% of the consumer basket of Russians. All this leads to the need for additional analysis to identify trends in the Russian market of fruits and vegetables and identify priority areas for its development. The purpose of the article is to identify the features of the functioning of the fruit and vegetable market in Russia. The study was based on statistics from the customs authorities of the Russian Federation on the import and export of fruits and vegetables, as well as the Federal State Statistics Service on production, consumption of fruits and vegetables in Russia. The article discusses the features of the functioning of the fruit and vegetable market in Russia. The key factors that influence the development of the market of fruits and vegetables at the present stage are determined.Results. As a result of analysis of the state of the market of fruits and vegetables in Russia in 2011-2020. it can be stated that the fruit and vegetable market is experiencing difficult times due to the sanctions policy of the EU and the USA and the low level of material, technical and logistics base in Russia. The advantages of the market of fruits and vegetables during the period of antiRussian sanctions are reflected. Groups of problems of functioning of the market of fruits and vegetables are revealed. Based on the identified problems of the fruit and vegetable market, methods for solving them are proposed based on the best practices of the European Union. The article focuses on the development of the market for fruits and vegetables in Russia. The proposed solutions and development directions are substantiated by specific figures of economic efficiency.Актуальность и методика исследований. Структура рынка продовольственных товаров представлена различными видами продукции, из которых наибольший удельный вес занимает сектор овощей и фруктов. В условиях напряженной политической обстановки в мире и установления барьеров во внешней торговле, сельское хозяйство выступает стратегически важной отраслью российской экономики. Сегодня плодоовощная отрасль российской экономики полностью не удовлетворяет потребности населения в овощах и фруктах. Об этом свидетельствует то, что внутренний рынок не обеспечивает население качественными овощами и фруктами, создает благоприятные условия для заполнения его иностранными товарами, которые составляют порядка 35% потребительской корзины россиян. Все это ведет к необходимости дополнительного анализа для выявления тенденций развития российского рынка плодоовощной продукции и выявлению приоритетных направлений его развития. Целью исследований является выявление особенностей функционирования рынка плодоовощной продукции в России. Основой исследования стали статистические данные таможенных органов Российской Федерации по импорту и экспорту овощей и фруктов, а также федеральной службы государственной статистики по объемам производства, потребления плодоовощной продукции в России.Результаты. В статье рассматриваются особенности функционирования рынка плодоовощной продукции в России. Определяются ключевые факторы, влияющие на развитие рынка плодоовощной продукции на современном этапе. Отражаются преимущества рынка плодоовощной продукции в период антироссийских санкций. Выявляются группы проблем функционирования рынка плодоовощной продукции. В результате проеденного в статье анализа состояния рынка плодоовощной продукции в России в 2011-2020 годах, можно констатировать, рынок плодоовощной продукции испытывает не простые времена по причине санкционной политики стран ЕС и США и низкого уровня материально-технической и логистической базы в России. В статье выявляются методы решения проблем рынка плодоовощной продукции в России и обосновывается их экономическая эффективность. На основе выявленных проблем рынка плодоовощной продукции предлагаются методы их решения на основе передового опыта Европейского Союза. В статье строятся приоритетные направления развития рынка плодоовощной продукции в России. Предложенные решения и направления развития обосновываются конкретными цифрами экономической эффективности

A hydrodynamic model for asymmetric explosions of rapidly rotating collapsing supernovae with a toroidal atmosphere

We numerically solved the two-dimensional axisymmetric hydrodynamic problem of the explosion of a low-mass neutron star in a circular orbit. In the initial conditions, we assumed a nonuniform density distribution in the space surrounding the collapsed iron core in the form of a stationary toroidal atmosphere that was previously predicted analytically and computed numerically. The configuration of the exploded neutron star itself was modeled by a torus with a circular cross section whose central line almost coincided with its circular orbit. Using an equation of state for the stellar matter and the toroidal atmosphere in which the nuclear statistical equilibrium conditions were satisfied, we performed a series of numerical calculations that showed the propagation of a strong divergent shock wave with a total energy of 0.2x10^51 erg at initial explosion energy release of 1.0x10^51 erg. In our calculations, we rigorously took into account the gravitational interaction, including the attraction from a higher-mass (1.9M_solar) neutron star located at the coordinate origin, in accordance with the rotational explosion mechanism for collapsing supernovae.W e compared in detail our results with previous similar results of asymmetric supernova explosion simulations and concluded that we found a lower limit for the total explosion energy.Comment: 13 pages, 5 figures, 2 table

Remote clinical quality management of endovascular care

Aim. To assess the effectiveness of remote clinical quality management of endovascular care.Methods. The system of clinical quality management of medical care in myocardial infarction (MI) including the quality of remote control of endovascular care was developed and introduced into the health care system of the Moscow Region as a part of the comprehensive study in 2008–2020. The number of people under the study was 8375. The ground for assessing the effectiveness of remote clinical management in 2019–2020 was the health care system of megapolis. Based on the analysis of 2966 endovascular procedures protocols, the treatment tactics effectiveness of intraoperative decisions was studied after an emergency coronary angiography (ECA) had been performed by interventional cardiologists. The system of remote clinical quality management of endovascular care included a complex of audiovisual communications, computer system processes, mentoring and the algorithm for making an intraoperative decision. The effectiveness of remote clinical quality management of endovascular care was investigated on the number of percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) in MI, mortality of patients with MI in the Regional vascular center in 2019–2020. The T-criteria was used to assess the reliability. The material statistical processing was carried out in the Statistica 6.0 package calculating adequate statistical indicators and their reliability at p≤0.005.Results. Ratio PCI/ECA in 2019, January-March 2020 counted up to 48.95%. In AprilDecember 2020 it increased up to 71.6% (p<0.001). The frequency of performing PCI increased by 1.46 times (p<0.001). Hospital mortality from MI decreased during the following period 2019, April-December 2020 from 9.7% to 8.2% (p = 0.005).Conclusion. Remote clinical management based on telemedicine and mentoring process technologies contributes to improving the quality of endovascular care in MI.Aim. To assess the effectiveness of remote clinical quality management of endovascular care.Methods. The system of clinical quality management of medical care in myocardial infarction (MI) including the quality of remote control of endovascular care was developed and introduced into the health care system of the Moscow Region as a part of the comprehensive study in 2008–2020. The number of people under the study was 8375. The ground for assessing the effectiveness of remote clinical management in 2019–2020 was the health care system of megapolis. Based on the analysis of 2966 endovascular procedures protocols, the treatment tactics effectiveness of intraoperative decisions was studied after an emergency coronary angiography (ECA) had been performed by interventional cardiologists. The system of remote clinical quality management of endovascular care included a complex of audiovisual communications, computer system processes, mentoring and the algorithm for making an intraoperative decision. The effectiveness of remote clinical quality management of endovascular care was investigated on the number of percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) in MI, mortality of patients with MI in the Regional vascular center in 2019–2020. The T-criteria was used to assess the reliability. The material statistical processing was carried out in the Statistica 6.0 package calculating adequate statistical indicators and their reliability at p≤0.005.Results. Ratio PCI/ECA in 2019, January-March 2020 counted up to 48.95%. In AprilDecember 2020 it increased up to 71.6% (p<0.001). The frequency of performing PCI increased by 1.46 times (p<0.001). Hospital mortality from MI decreased during the following period 2019, April-December 2020 from 9.7% to 8.2% (p = 0.005).Conclusion. Remote clinical management based on telemedicine and mentoring process technologies contributes to improving the quality of endovascular care in MI