2×2502\times250 GeV CLIC γγ\gamma\gamma Collider Based on its Drive Beam FEL

CLIC is a linear $e^+e^-$ ($\gamma\gamma$) collider project which uses a drive beam to accelerate the main beam. The drive beam provides RF power for each corresponding unit of the main linac through energy extracting RF structures. CLIC has a wide range of center-of-mass energy options from 150 GeV to 3 TeV. The present paper contains optimization of Free Electron Laser (FEL) using one bunch of CLIC drive beam in order to provide polarized light amplification using appropriate wiggler and luminosity spectrum of $\gamma\gamma$ collider for $E_{cm}$=0.5 TeV. Then amplified laser can be converted to a polarized high-energy $\gamma$ beam at the Conversion point (CP-prior to electron positron interaction point) in the process of Compton backscattering. At the CP a powerful laser pulse (FEL) focused to main linac electrons (positrons). Here this scheme described and it is show that CLIC drive beam parameters satisfy the requirement of FEL additionally essential undulator parameters has been defined. Achievable $\gamma\gamma$ luminosity is above $10^{34}$.Comment: 20 pages, 4 figure

Molecular access to multi-dimensionally encoded information

Polymer scientist have only recently realized that information storage on the molecular level is not only restricted to DNA-based systems. Similar encoding and decoding of data have been demonstrated on synthetic polymers that could overcome some of the drawbacks associated with DNA, such as the ability to make use of a larger monomer alphabet. This feature article describes some of the recent data storage strategies that were investigated, ranging from writing information on linear sequence-defined macromolecules up to layer-by-layer casted surfaces and QR codes. In addition, some strategies to increase storage density are elaborated and some trends regarding future perspectives on molecular data storage from the literature are critically evaluated. This work ends with highlighting the demand for new strategies setting up reliable solutions for future data management technologies

A clinical review of autoinflammatory diseases and Behcet's disease: Classification, pathogenesis and treatment

Behcet’s disease is a rheumatic disease with oral aphthae, genital aphthae, arthritis and vasculitis. Studies about its pathogenesis have increased and is thought to be one of the autoinflammatory diseases in recent years. Autoinflammatory diseases occurs via excess response of innate immune system. In this article pathogenesis and classification of autoinflammatory diseases will be summarized and Behcet’s disease will be reviewed by autoinflammatory prospects

The Sick Man and his Medicine: Public Health Reform in the Ottoman Empire and Egypt

This paper examines the transformation of public health institutions in the Ottoman Empire and Egypt in the nineteenth century. I argue that the region’s political, financial, and military vulnerability in that period led to a wide-ranging institutional reform movement that also had a great impact on the public health system. As the state centralized, it began to intervene directly in the lives and bodies of its population with the purpose of developing a strong, healthy polity that would be able to compete in the international arena of states. Examples of this intervention included the establishment of professional medical and pharmacy schools and the implementation of compulsory vaccinations, quarantines, and rigorous inspection of food and drugs in the marketplace. Although these measures were often contested and resisted, and despite a perennial shortage of financial resources, the efforts of nineteenth-century Ottoman and Egyptian statesmen and professionals did lay the groundwork for modern public health care in the Middle East

Evaluation of Green Human Resources Management within the Scope of Corporate Social Responsibility

The increase in environmental problems in recent times points to the need for organizations to have a corporate environmental awareness of sustainability and environmental responsibilities. Environmental awareness practices can also be considered as social responsibility practices. In this regard, it is very important that human resources practices support the environmental goals and sustainable resources of the organization and be seen as a corporate social responsibility tool. This study aims to contribute to the field by scanning the conceptual literature on the evaluation of green human resources management and practices within the framework of corporate social responsibility

Link Prediction with Deep Learning Models

Deep Learning has been used extensively in many applications by researchers. With the increased attraction to Deep Learning, more and more unique models are created each year. However, sometimes some of the model details are not included in the publications. This makes using new Deep Learning models for research a time-consuming task for researchers. In order to tackle with this problem, we propose a prediction mechanism for the missing information in the model. By creating a dataset where the Deep Learning models are represented as knowledge graphs, we made it possible to use knowledge graph embedding algorithms which are specifically designed for eliminating missing information in a given data. We inspected 6 different algorithms and compared their performances on a small-scale experiment. After the comparison, we picked the most promising algorithm and used it for link prediction in Deep Learning models

Hydrogen production from water using solar cells powered nafion membrane electrolyzers

Thesis (Master)--Izmir Institute of Technology, Energy Engineering, Izmir, 2007Includes bibliographical references (leaves: 69-71)Text in English; Abstract: Turkish and Englishx, 84 leavesThe aims of this thesis are two folds; to construct single and multi cell proton exchange membrane electrolyzers and to evaluate the performance of these electrolyzers powered by solar panels on Iztech campus. All other parts, except the purchased membrane electrode assemblies, were designed, manufactured and assembled in our labs.In the construction of single and multiple cell proton exchange membrane electrolyzers, Nafion-117 based membrane electrode assemblies were used. Graphite bipolar plates, end plates, current collectors and gaskets were machined on institute.s computer numerical controlled lathe. In the first stage, a single cell electrolyzer with 20cm2 available electrolysis surface areas was examined with a direct current power supply by varying current density (0-500mAmp/cm2), water flow rate (0.05 to 0.5g/cm2min), and temperature (30-50oC). It was found that average cell voltage decreases from 2.18V at 30oC to 1.97V at 50oC when the current density is 500mAmp/cm2. Since cell gaskets were softened and stick to the membrane above 50oC of operating temperature, temperatures higher than 50 oC could not be tested. Five cell electrolyzer stack was constructed according to the final single cell design. It was observed that the stack could generate 388ml/min hydrogen under 500mAmp/cm2 and 10.09V of the operating condition at 41.5oC. When the stack was directly coupled with a solar array, voltage of the stack was found to vary from 7.5V to 12.5V and the current density changes from 0 to 1000mAmp/cm2 with respect to the solar radiance of the day. This results in a voltage efficiency ranging from 98.7% to 60% based on the higher heating value of hydrogen. Electrolyzer powered by solar cells can generate up to 750ml/min hydrogen and total daily production could be as high as 350L per day but weather condition greatly affects the production rate. Together with the losses inside the electrolyzer, another important energy loss is due to voltage mismatches between PV array and electrolyzer in low solar irradiance during sunrise and sunset