ТЕОРЕТИКО-МЕТОДОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ОСНОВАНИЯ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ КРЫМСКОТАТАРСКОГО ЭТНОПОЛИТИЧЕСКОГО ПРОЦЕССА

The article is devoted to such an important phenomenon in modern political science as the ethno-political process, as well as theoretical and methodological grounds for the study of the Crimean Tatar ethnopolitical process, which is one of the most ambiguous and controversial cases not only in modern Russia, but also in the world. The contradictory nature of the Crimean Tatar ethnopolitical process is determined by the controversy from the point of view of international law of the territory of Crimea — the main area of the process. Particular attention is paid to the theoretical and methodological features of the study of the ethnopolitical process as a category of political science. The essence and content of such a phenomenon as ethnopolitical mobilization and the possibility of using theoretical developments in this fi eld to study the Crimean Tatar ethnopolitical process are revealed.Статья посвящена такому актуальному в современной политологии явлению, как этнополитический процесс, а также теоретико-методологическим основаниям изучения крымскотатарского этнополитического процесса, который представляется одним из наиболее неоднозначных и противоречивых кейсов не только в современной России, но и в мире. Противоречивость характера крымскотатарского этнополитического процесса детерминирована спорностью с точки зрения международного права территории Крыма — основного ареала протекания данного процесса. Особое внимание в статье уделяется теоретическим и методологическим особенностям изучения этнополитического процесса как категории политической науки. Раскрывается сущность и содержание такого явления, как этнополитическая мобилизация и возможность использования теоретических наработок в этой области для изучения крымскотатарского этнополитического процесса

Ислам в Санкт-Петербурге в начале XXI в.

The article is devoted to the situation concerning Islam and Muslims in St. Petersburgin the 2000s. The paper analyzes the number of Muslims have been living then in the city. The author attempted to reconstruct demographical dynamics concerning people/nationalities traditionally professing Islam for the intercensal period 2002–2010.The characteristic of Muslim religious organizations existing in St. Petersburgis also given and explained. Considerable attention was paid to the functioning of two centralized religious organizations existing in the region. The article contains description of the main objects of Muslim religious infrastructure in St. PetersburgСтатья посвящена положению ислама в Санкт-Петербурге в 2000-е годы. В работе анализируется численность мусульман, проживающих в городе. Выявляется динамика численности представителей народов, традиционно исповедующих ислам, за межпереписной период 2002–2010 гг. Дается характеристика существующим в Санкт-Петербурге мусульманским религиозным организациям. Значительное внимание уделяется функционированию двух имеющихся в регионе централизованных религиозных организаций. Исследуется мусульманская инфраструктура, существующая в Санкт-Петербурге

Optimization criteria for entry into the consolidated group of taxpayers in order to create an effective tax mechanism and improve the social, economic development of regions in the Russian Federation

This article discusses the existing socio-economic development of regions. The social and economic development of the regions is directly affected by the tax ratio and mechanisms of their functioning, which are the subject of study for both foreign and Russian economists, as the state regulation of any economy is possible through tax relations between parties. In 2012, there was established the taxation of consolidated groups of taxpayers, which exists in many countries and provides payment of income taxes based on the total financial and business performance of the group. However, in our opinion, the requirements for entry into the group are much too high. The article presents a method that allows analyzing the changes in the number of potential participants of a consolidated group of taxpayers depending on the changes in the threshold of entry using indicators. These indicators can be based on the aggregate value of assets, or represented in terms of total revenue or the amount of taxes paid. The reduction in the existing criteria will optimize tax administration of the major taxpayers and more evenly redistribute financial flows between regions of Russia

Isolation of Rabies Virus Glycoprotein Using Three-Phase Extraction and Characteristics of its Antigenic Properties

The aim of the work was to develop an approach to isolation of rabies virus glycoprotein applying threephase extraction and to characterize its antigenic properties.Materials and methods. Infectious activity of the rabies virus (production strain, “Ovine” GNKI) after long-term storage was restored on white BALB/c mice. The strain was used for cultivation on BHK-21 cells; the culture liquid was concentrated applying ultracentrifugation followed by separation by buoyant density in a sucrose gradient, selection of visually opalescent zones, phase concentration, chromatographic separation on an ENrich™ SEC650 column (Bio-Rad, USA) and selection of monomeric fractions with high serological activity according to the results of Western blotting.Results and discussion. We have demonstrated that preliminary mechanical destruction of brain suspension, extraction of the virus-containing material from the cell suspension through successive low-speed and high-speed centrifugation, separation of the sediment produced in sucrose gradient with further phase concentration and chromatographic separation of the precipitate allows to obtain monomeric antigenic preparations with high serological activity. This methodology has made it possible to obtain an antigen, which is rabies virus glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 67 kDa, and two of its isoforms, having molecular weights of 60 and 54 kDa. The described approach can be viewed as an option for isolation of the rabies virus specific antigen when improving laboratory diagnostics techniques. The resulting antigen is a monomeric discrete containing one fraction with a molecu lar weight of 67 kDa. The data obtained corroborate the high specificity of the antigen and its suitability for the design of enzyme immunoassay and immunochromatographic tests, production of specific immunoglobulins, the study of the antigen/antibody interaction, as well as for the assessment of the protective immunity intensity after vaccination

Optimization criteria for entry into the consolidated group of taxpayers in order to create an effective tax mechanism and improve the social, economic development of regions in the Russian Federation

This article discusses the existing socio-economic development of regions. The social and economic development of the regions is directly affected by the tax ratio and mechanisms of their functioning, which are the subject of study for both foreign and Russian economists, as the state regulation of any economy is possible through tax relations between parties. In 2012, there was established the taxation of consolidated groups of taxpayers, which exists in many countries and provides payment of income taxes based on the total financial and business performance of the group. However, in our opinion, the requirements for entry into the group are much too high. The article presents a method that allows analyzing the changes in the number of potential participants of a consolidated group of taxpayers depending on the changes in the threshold of entry using indicators. These indicators can be based on the aggregate value of assets, or represented in terms of total revenue or the amount of taxes paid. The reduction in the existing criteria will optimize tax administration of the major taxpayers and more evenly redistribute financial flows between regions of Russia

^10- (Q = S or Se): Facile Synthesis and Properties of the Most Highly Charged Octahedral Cluster Complexes and High Magnetic Relaxivity of Their Colloids with Gd³⁺ Ions

© 2019 American Chemical Society. New octahedral rhenium cluster complexes [{Re6Q8}(SO3)6]10- (Q = S or Se) were synthesized starting from [{Re6Q8}(H2O)4(OH)2]·12H2O. The complexes were crystallized as sodium salts and characterized by X-ray single-crystal diffraction and elemental analyses, IR, UV/vis and luminescence spectroscopies. Magnetic relaxation data demonstrate the complex formation of the cluster units with gadolinium ions. The analysis of the magnetic relaxation rates measured at various Gd:cluster ratios and different concentrations revealed the conversion of the aggregates (Gdx[{Re6Se8}(SO3)6]y)n- into a nanoparticulate form even at x = 1 and y ≥ 1. Thus, the self-assembly of the cluster units into the nanoparticles is greatly facilitated by counterion binding with sodium cations. The concentration conditions were optimized for the formation and hydrophilization of NaxGdy[{Re6Q8}(SO3)6]-based colloids with the magnetic relaxivity values of r1(2) = 21.0(24.1) and r1(2) = 25.9(29.8) mM-1 s-1 for the {Re6S8}2+ and {Re6Se8}2+ derivatives, respectively

^10- (Q = S or Se): Facile Synthesis and Properties of the Most Highly Charged Octahedral Cluster Complexes and High Magnetic Relaxivity of Their Colloids with Gd³⁺ Ions

© 2019 American Chemical Society. New octahedral rhenium cluster complexes [{Re6Q8}(SO3)6]10- (Q = S or Se) were synthesized starting from [{Re6Q8}(H2O)4(OH)2]·12H2O. The complexes were crystallized as sodium salts and characterized by X-ray single-crystal diffraction and elemental analyses, IR, UV/vis and luminescence spectroscopies. Magnetic relaxation data demonstrate the complex formation of the cluster units with gadolinium ions. The analysis of the magnetic relaxation rates measured at various Gd:cluster ratios and different concentrations revealed the conversion of the aggregates (Gdx[{Re6Se8}(SO3)6]y)n- into a nanoparticulate form even at x = 1 and y ≥ 1. Thus, the self-assembly of the cluster units into the nanoparticles is greatly facilitated by counterion binding with sodium cations. The concentration conditions were optimized for the formation and hydrophilization of NaxGdy[{Re6Q8}(SO3)6]-based colloids with the magnetic relaxivity values of r1(2) = 21.0(24.1) and r1(2) = 25.9(29.8) mM-1 s-1 for the {Re6S8}2+ and {Re6Se8}2+ derivatives, respectively

Insights into electrochemical performance of Li2FeSiO 4 from first-principles calculations

First-principles calculations have been performed on the polymorphs of Li2FeSiO4and the correspondingdelithiated products. The calculated results indicate that a structural transformation from the pristine(P21/n) structure to cycled (P21/n-cycl or Pmn21-cycl) polymorph would occur in the first charge cycle.Then, Li ions can be reversibly intercalated/deintercalated into/from the cycled structures in the subse-quent cycles. More importantly, our results show that ～1.5 Li ions can be extracted from the P21/n-cyclLi 2FeSiO4, corresponding to two redox reactions of Li 2FeSiO4/LiFeSiO4and LiFeSiO4/Li 0.5FeSiO4, whichcan be used to understand the experimentally obtained high capacity of over 200 mAh/g, as well asthe different charge-discharge behaviors observed in different experiments. Moreover, the oxidation ofFe2+to Fe3+ions is observed upon the first Li removal, while charge balance upon further delithiationis achieved mainly by the oxidation of oxygen ions and partly by iron. Finally, the structural evolutionduring the charge-discharge process, as well as the Li diffusion mechanism in the P21/n-cycl structure, isalso investigated. ? 2013 Elsevier Ltd