A Study Of The Effect Of Spatial Configuration On Perception And Wayfinding In Museums

Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2011Thesis (M.Sc.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2011Bu tez çalışması, mekansal kurgunun algı ve yön bulmadaki etkisini müzeler üzerinden incelemek amacıyla algı ve yön bulmayı davranışa dönüşmeden önceki tüm süreçleriyle ve çevresel bileşenleriyle ele almaktadır. Bu bağlamda insan ve mekan etkileşiminde algısal ve bilişsel süreçler ortaya konarak davranışın nasıl şekillendiği ve bu davranışta yani yön bulmada, müze örneği içersinde mekan kurgusunun nasıl bir etkiye sahip olduğu kavramsal olarak incelendikten sonra İstanbul Arkeoloji Müzesi’nde gözlem yapılarak araştırılmıştır. Tezin yapısı içersinde genel yöntem önce kavramsal olarak mekan kurgusunun yön bulmadaki etkisinin incelenmesi, daha sonra da gözlem çalışması ile desteklenmesi olmuştur. Tezde bu amaçla sıralanan dört bölümden ikincisi, algıyı ve yön bulmayı etkenleriyle birlikte konu edinir. Burada yön bulma, kısa sürede gerçekleşen eylem anı dışında zihinde oluşma süreçleriyle bir bütün olarak incelenmiştir. Bu süreçler algısal ve bilişsel süreçler olarak ifade edilip karmaşık yapıları, eylemler, davranış psikolojisi, çevre ve bireysel farklılıklarla irdelenmiştir. Tezin kavramsal yapısı içersindeki üçüncü bölümde daha çok mekan kurgusu ve nesneler üzerinde durulmuştur. Bu bölüm, plan kurgusunun müzeler üzerinden incelenmesini, dünyada yapılmış bir takım çalışmalarla desteklemeyi hedeflemiştir. Müzelerden bağımsız düşünülemeyen eserler, mekan kurgusunun bir parçası olarak yön bulmayı etkileyen faktörler olarak düşünülmüş ve bu bağlamda konu edilmiştir. Ayrıca tüm bu etkenlerin, cinsiyet ve yaş ayrımına göre durumlarının değişeceği göz önünde bulundurularak bazı çalışmalardan yararlanılmıştır. Kavramsal yapı içersinde müzelerde doğru bir davranışa sebebiyet verebilmek adına mekanın konfigürasyonunu tanımlayan genel bir müze düzeni ve nesnelerle iletişim içinde olmayı sağlayan bir sergi planı olması gerektiği düşüncesi hakim olmuştur. Dünyada yapılmış çalışmalardan sunulan örneklere göre müzelerde konfigürasyon içinde bazı tanımlı yerlerin ve nesnelerin diğerlerine oranla daha çok ilgi gördüğü ve kullanıcıların yön belirlemek adına bu noktalara ihtiyaç duydukları sonucuna varılmıştır. Bu düşünceyi desteklemek amacıyla tezin son bölümlerinde İstanbul Arkeoloji Müzesi’nde ziyaretçilerin müze içersindeki hareketleri gözlenmesiyle gerçekleşen bir alan çalışması yapılmıştır. Bu alan çalışmasında, kullanıcıların davranışları ile mekan arasındaki ilişkiyi anlamak adına planı analiz etmeye yarayan mekansal dizim yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak; kullanıcıların müzenin plan kurgusuna ve eserlere göre konumlarını belirledikleri alan çalışmasıyla, en başından beri mekansal kurgunun algıda ve yön bulmada etkili olduğu düşüncesi desteklenmiştir.This thesis work, approaches to the effect of spatial configuration on the perception and wayfinding through the museums by surveying the perception and wayfinding, with all its processes and environmental components, before it turns into common behavior. In this context, observations has been done in Istanbul Archeological Museum by putting forward the perceptual and cognitive processes in user and space interaction, surveying how the wayfinding behavior shapes and after conducting conceptual researches on what kind of an effect the space set-up has on this behavior within the museum example. Within the structure of the thesis, the general method is first conceptually looking into the effects of spatial configuration on the wayfinding behavior then by supporting it with the observation work. Second of the four chapters lined with this reason in the thesis, subjects the perception and wayfinding with their own factors. Here wayfinding, aside from its quick actualization, is investigated as a whole with its processes of realization within the mind. These processes are conveyed as conceptual and cognitive processes and considered at length in their complex structure, activity, behavior psychology, environmental and individual differences. Within the conceptual structure of the third chapter of the thesis mostly investigates the spatial configuration and objects. This chapter, aims to support the surveying the configuration of plan through museums, with other researches conducted around the globe. It is considered that the art objects which cannot be thought separately from museums are a factor that effects wayfinding by being a part of the spatial configuration, and are subjected in this matter. Also some other works are benefited by considering that all the efficients can change with the sex and age separation. Within the conceptual structure in order to cause a right course of action in the museums, the thought of having a general museum order that identifies the spatial configuration and having a display plan that enables interaction with the objects considered fitting. According to the examples of the work that has been done around the globe, in the museums some defined places and objects within the configuration are seeing more attention in comparison with others and its concluded that these spots are needed by users in order to define their direction. In order to support this theory, within the last chapter of this thesis, a field research has been conducted in Istanbul Archeology Museum by observing the movement of visitors within the museum. During the field research space syntax method has been used to understand the relation between the user behaviors and space and to examine the features of the plan. As a result from the beginning the thought of spatial configuration effecting the perception and wayfinding is supported with the field work showing the users defining their location with museums plan configuration and objects of art.Yüksek LisansM.Sc

Tan Oral'ın “Sansür” adlı eseri

Ankara : İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent Üniversitesi İktisadi, İdari ve Sosyal Bilimler Fakültesi, Tarih Bölümü, 2017.This work is a student project of the The Department of History, Faculty of Economics, Administrative and Social Sciences, İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University.by Öztürk, İbrahim Mert

Vascular pectoralis minor syndrome as an overlooked condition: A case report

Thoracic outlet syndrome is characterized by pain, paresthesia, muscle weakness, and arterial/venous symptoms caused by compression of the neurovascular structures. Compression mainly occurs at three distinct areas in the thoracic outlet: the retropectoralis minor space, the costoclavicular space, and the interscalene triangle. As the symptoms of these three compression sites are very similar, it is difficult to pinpoint the location of the compression and the treatment methods are quite different. Ultrasound-guided diagnostic injections play an important role in the differential diagnosis. Herein, we report a 49-year-old female patient who was previously diagnosed with thoracic outlet syndrome and scheduled for decompression of cervical ribs, but cured by conservative methods after being diagnosed with pectoralis minor syndrome

Intracerebroventricular administration of the exercise hormone irisin or acute strenuous exercise alleviates epileptic seizure-induced neuroinflammation and improves memory dysfunction in rats

Abstract Background Status epilepticus is a common and potentially life-threatening neurological emergency with a high risk for cognitive and neurobiological impairment. Our aim was to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of centrally administered irisin and acute exhausting exercise against oxidative brain injury and memory dysfunction due to a pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced single seizure. Male Sprague Dawley rats with intracerebroventricular (icv) cannulas were randomly divided into intraperitoneally (ip) saline-injected control and PTZ-injected (45 mg/kg) seizure groups. Both the control and PTZ groups were then treated with irisin (7.5 µg/kg, 2 µl, icv), saline (2 µl, icv) or were forced to an acute bout of strenuous exercise before the ip injection of saline (control) or PTZ. Seizures were evaluated using the Racine score. To evaluate memory performance, a passive avoidance test was performed before and after PTZ injection. Following euthanasia at the 24th hour of seizure induction, brain tissues were removed for histopathological examination and for evaluating oxidative damage, antioxidant capacity, and neurotransmitter levels. Results Glutamate/GABA imbalance observed in PTZ rats was corrected by irisin administration (p < 0.001/p < 0.01), while irisin prevented the generation of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation (p < 0.05 − 0.001) and replenished the antioxidant catalase and glutathione levels (p < 0.01–0.01) in the cerebral tissue, and reduced the histologically evident neuronal injury due to a single seizure (p < 0.05 − 0.01). Irisin also delayed the onset of seizures (p < 0.05) and improved memory dysfunction (p < 0.05), but did not affect the severity of seizures. The acute exhaustive swimming exercise completed before PTZ-seizure depressed glutamate level (p < 0.001), maintained the oxidant/antioxidant balance, alleviated neuronal injury (p < 0.05 − 0.01) and upregulated cerebral BDNF expression (p < 0.05). Conclusion In conclusion, acute high-intensity exercise or exogenously administered irisin provides neuroprotection by maintaining the balance of excitatory/inhibitory neurotransmitters and oxidant/antioxidant systems