A comparison of soda and soda-AQ pulps from cotton stalks

In this study, cotton stalks (Gossypium hirsutum L.) were cooked using soda and soda-anthraquinone (AQ) process. Nine soda cooks were conducted by changing cooking conditions including active alkali charge and pulping time. Soda-AQ cooks were obtained by adding 0.075, 0.10, 0.15, 0.2% AQ (based on o.d stalks) to optimum soda pulping. Adding AQ to soda pulps led to the increase in regarding to pulp yield and kappa numbers. On the other hand, soda-AQ pulps made from cotton stalks showed higher mechanical properties than soda pulps. The results indicated a major increase in pulp brightness when soda pulping was modified with %0.15 AQ. Also, the results showed that better pulp and paper can be produced from cotton stalks by soda-AQ process compared to the soda process

Effects of different irrigation intervals and fertilizer applications on certain chemical contents of ‘Braeburn’ apple cultivar

The aim of present study was to investigate effects of different irrigation intervals and fertilizers on total lipid, fatty acid and sugar accumulation of Braeburn apple cultivar under Mediterranean climatic conditions. Irrigation program was performed for two consecutive years with three different intervals (1, 3 and 7 days). In fertilization, 40 g N, 32 g P2O5 and 80 g K2O per tree (with four replications) applied in the same doses for both years, except for the increased N (50 g per tree) for second year, considering the vegetative growth of the trees. The fruits were commercially harvested in 2006 season. The lipid content ranged from 0.22% (daily irrigation without fertilizer) to 0.70% (irrigation in 7 days intervals with fertilizer). The highest fatty acid was obtained from treatment 3 (irrigation in 3 days intervals without fertilizer) (83.95%), while the treatment 6 provided the least value with 64.08% (irrigation in 7 days intervals with fertilizer). Although certain changes on fructose, glucose, sucrose and total sugars content were detected, the differences were not statistically significantly among the treatments

An efficient method for the analytical study of linear and nonlinear time-fractional partial differential equations with variable coefficients

The residual power series method is effective for obtaining approximate analytical solutions to fractional-order differential equations. This method, however, requires the derivative to compute the coefficients of terms in a series solution. Other well-known methods, such as the homotopy perturbation, the Adomian decomposition, and the variational iteration methods, need integration. We are all aware of how difficult it is to calculate the fractional derivative and integration of a function. As a result, the use of the methods mentioned above is somewhat constrained. In this research work, approximate and exact analytical solutions to time-fractional partial differential equations with variable coefficients are obtained using the Laplace residual power series method in the sense of the Gerasimov-Caputo fractional derivative. This method helped us overcome the limitations of the various methods. The Laplace residual power series method performs exceptionally well in computing the coefficients of terms in a series solution by applying the straightforward limit principle at infinity, and it is also more effective than various series solution methods due to the avoidance of Adomian and He polynomials to solve nonlinear problems. The relative, recurrence, and absolute errors of the three problems are investigated in order to evaluate the validity of our method. The results show that the proposed method can be a suitable alternative to the various series solution methods when solving time-fractional partial differential equations. © 2023 Samara State Technical University. All rights reserved

Human papillomavirus mediated inhibition of DNA damage sensing and repair drives skin carcinogenesis

Background: The failure to mount an effective DNA damage response to repair UV induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) results in an increased propensity to develop cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). High-risk patient groups, such as organ transplant recipients (OTRs) frequently exhibit field cancerization at UV exposed body sites from which multiple human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cSCCs develop rapidly, leading to profound morbidity and increased mortality. In vitro molecular evidence indicates that HPV of genus beta-papillomavirus (β-PV) play an important role in accelerating the early stages of skin tumorigenesis. Methods: We investigated the effects of UV induced DNA damage in murine models of β-PV E6 oncoprotein driven skin tumorigenesis by crossing K14-HPV8-E6wt mice (developing skin tumors after UV treatment) with K14-CPD-photolyase animals and by generating the K14-HPV8-E6-K136N mutant mouse strain. Thymine dimers (marker for CPDs) and γH2AX (a marker for DNA double strand breaks) levels were determined in the murine skin and organotypic skin cultures of E6 expressing primary human keratinocytes after UV-irradiation by immunohistochemistry and in cell lines by In Cell Western blotting. Phosphorylation of ATR/Chk1 and ATM were assessed in cell lines and organotypic skin cultures by Western blots and immunohistochemistry. Results: Skin tumor development after UV-irradiation in K14-HPV8-E6wt mice could completely be blocked through expression of CPD-photolyase. Through quantification of thymine dimers after UV irradiation in cells expressing E6 proteins with point mutations at conserved residues we identified a critical lysine in the

Efficient spectral collocation method for nonlinear systems of fractional pantograph delay differential equations

Caputo-Hadamard-type fractional calculus involves the logarithmic function of an arbitrary exponent as its convolutional kernel, which causes challenges in numerical approximations. In this paper, we construct and analyze a spectral collocation approach using mapped Jacobi functions as basis functions and construct an efficient algorithm to solve systems of fractional pantograph delay differential equations involving Caputo-Hadamard fractional derivatives. What we study is the error estimates of the derived method. In addition, we tabulate numerical results to support our theoretical analysis

Multiscale characterization of chemical-mechanical interactions between polymer fibers and cementitious matrix

Together with a series of mechanical tests, the interactions and potential bonding between polymeric fibers and cementitious materials were studied using scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) and microtomography (mu CT). Experimental results.showed that these techniques have great potential to characterize the polymer fiber-hydrated cement-paste matrix interface, as well as differentiating the chemistry of the two components of a bi-polymer (hybrid) fiber-the polypropylene core and the ethylene acrylic acid copolymer sheath. Similarly, chemical interactions between the hybrid fiber and the cement hydration products were observed, indicating the chemical bonding between the sheath and the hardened cement paste matrix. Microtomography allowed visualization of the performance of the samples, and the distribution and orientation of the two types of fiber in mortar. Beam flexure tests confirmed improved tensile strength of mixes containing hybrid fibers, and expansion bar tests showed similar reductions in expansion for the polypropylene and hybrid fiber mortar bars

The Comparison of Elite Wrestlers’ State of Anxiety Before-after Weighing,

Anxiety is one the significant factor which affects performance of athletes in a negative way. The purpose of this research is to compare elite wrestlers’ state of anxiety before-after weighing. A state of anxiety inventory developed by Spielberg and adapted to Turkishby Ömer and Le Compte has been used in order to detect wrestlers’ state of anxiety before-after weighing. SSPS 20 package software has been used while analyzing the data on this research. After it has been stated that datum has both an homogenous and normal distribution; it has been decided that parametric test method should be used in statistic analysis. In statistic analysis, diagnostic statistic and co-sample t test has been implemented. On the consequence of these analyses, the wrestlers’ state of anxiety before weighing has been higher than the state of anxiety that wrestlers have after weighing