KEMAMPUAN MINYAK ATSIRI DAN FRAKSI NON VOLATILE DARI BATANG Amomum apiculatum SEBAGAI INSEKTISIDA ALAMI TERHADAP Drosophila melanogaster

Amomum apiculatum telah diuji aktifitas biologis minyak atsiri dan fraksi non volatile dari batangnya terhadap lalat Drosophila melanogaster. meliputi uji mortalitas, antifeedant dan repelan. Konsentrasi minyak atsiri berturut-turut adalah 0; 0.1; 0.5; 1 %. Dari hasil uji didapatkan persentase tertinggi mortalitas, antifeedant dan repelan berturut-turut adalah 35.33; 96.61; 73.33 %. Pada fraksi non volatile konsentrasi berturut-turut adalah 0; 0.1; 0;5 %. Dari hasil uji didapatkan persentase tertinggi mortalitas, antifeedant, dan repelan berturut-turut untuk ekstrak pekat metanol adalah 17.80; 95.02; 26.67 %. Pada fraksi n-heksana persentase tertinggi mortalitas, antifeedant, dan repelan berturut-turut adalah 42.20; 96.03; 80 %. Pada fraksi etil asetat persentase tertinggi mortalitas, antifeedant, dan repelan berturut-turut adalah 60; 96.35; 73.33 %. Pada fraksi metanol persentase tertinggi mortalitas. antifeedant. dan repelan berturut-turut adalah 13.33; 95.43; 33.33 %. Minyak atsiri dan fraksi non volatile batang Amomum apiculatum juga menghambat proses regenerasi lalat, dibuktikan dengan adanya telur dan pupa pada kontrol pada hari ke-5, dan sebaliknya pada media dengan minyak atsiri dan fraksi non volatile, sehingga dapat disimpulkan minyak atsiri dan fraksi non volatile batang Amomum apiculatum berpotensi sebagai insektisida alami. Kata kunci : insektisida alami, Drosophila melanogasler, minyak atsiri, non volatil

INTEGRASI DESAIN DAN MANUFAKTUR BATIK CAP

Batik is one of the Indonesian traditional products which have received recognition by UNESCO. Batik traditional process is using wax resist dyeing. There are two methods to process batik which are stamped batik and painted batik. Thesedays many batik costumers want to have products with their own designs or in other words they prefer batik which represent their personality. This trend brings some consequencesone of them is that the time frame from design to manufacturing batik process should be shortened. It raises the need for integration of design and manufacturing process of batik.Development of this integration requires three main components, i.e. the design process, manufacturing process and computer integration. Theprocess begins with a motif design on the computer, then this process generated images and computer data to be converted into GCode. In the manufacturing process, the G-Code data is used by the machine to print motifs on the fabric. This research also developed a computer-based batik machine called the Computer Numerical Control (CNC) Batik and consists of a mechanical component that is controlled by a computer-based control system. Mechanical component consists of the transmission function to forward motion of the main driving source of stepper motors, linear slides that smooth linear motion machine and the machine frame. Control of mechanical equipped with software Mach3.At the time of operating the batik pattern file in the form of G-Code data read by Mach3 to be forwarded to cap movement toprint batik on fabric on the desk machine

Manufacturing of Tools and User Assistance for Spice Grinding Machine for Setia SMEs

Purpose: This research project aims to address operational challenges faced by Setia SME, which specializes in spice sales. Specifically, we aim to design a spice-grinding machine to enhance processing efficiency. Method: We conducted a comprehensive analysis of Setia SME's challenges and formulated a research design that included machine development. Data collection involved surveys, interviews, and on-site observations, analyzed for feasibility. Practical Applications: The successful implementation of the spice grinding machine will boost Setia SME's operational efficiency by eliminating off-site grinding, reducing costs, and increasing production capacity. The technology may benefit other SMEs in the spice industry. Conclusion: This research offers practical solutions to Setia SME's spice processing challenges, demonstrating the value of innovation and technology for SMEs in improving efficiency and sustainability

MicroRNA-21 as a biomarker for ovarian cancer detection

Ovarian cancer is a lethal disease. One of the problems faced by patients with ovarian cancer is the lack of symptoms in its early stages, which results in it only being detected when it is at an advanced stage. Therefore, there is an urgent need for biomarkers that can predict ovarian cancer precisely. The purpose of this study was to determine the expression of microRNA-21 as a predictive biomarker candidate in both early- and advanced-stage ovarian cancer. This was a cross-sectional study using the blood plasma of 21 healthy control subjects and 37 blood plasma samples from patients with ovarian cancer. Blood plasmas were collected, from which the RNA was isolated. Based on the RNA, the cDNA was synthesized and run through qPCR, the results of which were analyzed using the Livak method. The results showed an upregulation of microRNA-21 in the advanced stage by 2.14 fold compared with the early stage, and 6.13 fold compared with the healthy controls (p < 0.05). The upregulation of microRNA-21 in early-stage ovarian cancer was 2.86 fold compared with the healthy control subjects (p < 0.05). In addition, there was an increase in the expression of microRNA-21 in ovarian cancer by 4.14 fold compared with the healthy controls (p < 0.05). Based on these results, it can be concluded that the expression of microRNA 21 upregulated with the severity of the disease

Production of Biogas with Two-Stage Fermentation of Cow Dung-Palm Oil Mill Effluent

In this research, biogas is produced from Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) by fermentation of cow dung using a stirred reactor and purified by various CO2 and H2S removal techniques. The variables in this study were: composition of cow dung (55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80% w/w), amino acid composition (0.5%, 1%, 1.5% w/w) and length of fermentation time (2, 6, 10, 14, 16 days). The fixed variables were stirring speed (100 rpm), temperature (30oC) and reactor volume (100 L). This research also investigated the effect of using a lime packed reactor on the purity of methane gas. From the results of first stage of fermentation, it was found that the optimum composition of cow dung-POME was at 60% and the fermentation time was 14 days. In the second stage of fermentation using optimum results at first stage compared to fermentation of cow dung without POME, the results of measuring the gas pressure produced in 60% cow dung-POME fermentation were 17.5 Psig greater than fermentation of cow dung without POME of 15 Psig