Ölümünün üçüncü yılında Yılmaz Güney'in ardından

Taha Toros Arşivi, Dosya No: 162-Yılmaz Güneyİstanbul Kalkınma Ajansı (TR10/14/YEN/0033) İstanbul Development Agency (TR10/14/YEN/0033)Çok güzel gülen adamÖlümsüzlüğe ulaştıGüzel duygularİş arkadaşına saygıFilmlerine sahip çıkalımOnurlu bir yaşa

Rotavirus and adenovirus frequency among patients with acute gastroenteritis and their relationship to clinical parameters: a retrospective study in Turkey

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Diarrhea is the third leading cause of death related to infectious diseases all over the world. The diseases related to viral gastroenteritis are gradually increasing, particularly in the developed countries. The purpose of our study was to determine the frequency and to investigate the clinical manifestations of acute rotavirus and adenovirus gatroenteritis and to assess the diagnostic value of the related clinical findings.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>In 2007-2008 patients with diarrhea and/or vomiting attended to Yeditepe University Hospital and related clinics, Istanbul, were studied. The rotavirus and/or adenovirus antigen in stool of these patients were investigated. Data regarding clinical findings were collected from the electronic records, retrospectively. Age, gender, symptoms, fever, antibiotic use, vomiting, number of vomiting and diarrhaeae, dehydration, abdominal pain, the other pathological physical examination findings were analyzed by the physicians in the study group. To investigate the rotavirus and adenovirus antigen CerTest Rota-Adeno Blister Test (CerTest, Biotec, Spain), a qualitative immunochromotographic assay was used. Statistical analysis wasperformed with SPSS v. 11,5 statistical software. X²test was used for bivariate and logistic regression analysis was used for multivariate analysis.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Rotavirus positivity was 18,7% (n = 126). Concomitantly, in 596 cases adenovirus antigen test were also performed. Adenovirus positivity was 8,9% (n = 53) and rota-adenovirus co-infection was 4,4% (n = 26). Most of rotavirus positive cases were seen in December, January, February and March (p < 0.001). In clinical parameters, there was a significant difference between rotavirus positive cases and negative cases regarding to vomiting, dehydration and vomiting and diarrhea coexistence (respectively p = 0.010, p < 0.00, p = 0.007).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Rotavirus can be seen in all age groups, but more frequently in childhood. Although there is no clinical gold standard to distinguish the rotavirus cases from the other gastroenteritis agents, the findings of dehydration and vomiting-diarrhea coexistence, considering months of referral may lead clinician to perform rapid antigen tests and affect approach to the treatment. Prospective studies with representative samples are needed to determine the rotavirus and adenovirus incidence and to develop safe and reliable protective policies in our country.</p

Eating patterns of Turkish adolescents: a cross-sectional survey

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Adolescence is a crucial period for development of dietary behaviors that continue into adulthood and influence the risk of chronic diseases later in life. The aim of this study was to determine the eating patterns of adolescents' and their compliance with the Food Guide Pyramid.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>625 students, aged between 11-15 years, from an elementary school in Istanbul, Turkey were enrolled in this cross-sectional survey. A questionnaire of eating patterns (QEP) was administered to all participants. QEP is consisted of questions assessing the knowledge and behaviors on healthy eating, factors affecting food choice, physical activity status and demographical variables. Height and weight of all participants were measured. Physical activity status was determined by questioning about participation in regular sport activities, how much time spent watching TV, playing computer games or doing homework.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The mean age of the participants was 12.15 ± 1.15 and 50.5% were female. According to body mass index (BMI) percentiles, 8.3% (52) were obese and 10.2% were overweight. 51% had breakfast every day and only 1.9% met all the recommendations of the Food Guide Pyramid. Among the participants, 31% have fast food at least once every day and 60.8% skip meals. When participants were asked to rate the factors effecting their food choice according to a 10 point Likert scale, the highest mean scores (high impact on food choice) were for the factors; family, health, body perception, teachers and friends; 7.5 ± 3.1, 7.4 ± 3.1, 6.1 ± 3.2, 4.8 ± 3.3 and 4.2 ± 3.0 respectively. Total mean time spent on all passive activities (TV, computer, reading homework etc) per day was 9.8 ± 4.7 hours.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>In this study we have demonstrated that, adolescents do not have healthy eating patterns. Educational interventions should be planned to decrease the health risks attributable to their eating behaviors.</p

International nosocomial infection control consortium (INICC) report, data summary of 36 countries, for 2004-2009

The results of a surveillance study conducted by the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) from January 2004 through December 2009 in 422 intensive care units (ICUs) of 36 countries in Latin America, Asia, Africa, and Europe are reported. During the 6-year study period, using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN; formerly the National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance system [NNIS]) definitions for device-associated health care-associated infections, we gathered prospective data from 313,008 patients hospitalized in the consortium's ICUs for an aggregate of 2,194,897 ICU bed-days. Despite the fact that the use of devices in the developing countries' ICUs was remarkably similar to that reported in US ICUs in the CDC's NHSN, rates of device-associated nosocomial infection were significantly higher in the ICUs of the INICC hospitals; the pooled rate of central line-associated bloodstream infection in the INICC ICUs of 6.8 per 1,000 central line-days was more than 3-fold higher than the 2.0 per 1,000 central line-days reported in comparable US ICUs. The overall rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia also was far higher (15.8 vs 3.3 per 1,000 ventilator-days), as was the rate of catheter-associated urinary tract infection (6.3 vs. 3.3 per 1,000 catheter-days). Notably, the frequencies of resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates to imipenem (47.2% vs 23.0%), Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates to ceftazidime (76.3% vs 27.1%), Escherichia coli isolates to ceftazidime (66.7% vs 8.1%), Staphylococcus aureus isolates to methicillin (84.4% vs 56.8%), were also higher in the consortium's ICUs, and the crude unadjusted excess mortalities of device-related infections ranged from 7.3% (for catheter-associated urinary tract infection) to 15.2% (for ventilator-associated pneumonia). Copyright © 2012 by the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

Nutritional status, healthy eating index and eating attitudes of the adolescents in Istanbul: A cross-sectional study

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate dietary quality of adolescents by using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) and to assess their eating attitudes by the EAT-26 Eating Attitude Test. Methods: Eight schools; four primary schools and four secondary schools were randomly selected from the school list of official website of Istanbul Education National Directorate. Five hundred and ninety-eight students who met the inclusion criteria included in the study, 24 h dietary recalls were collected to calculate their HEI scores and eating attitudes were evaluated by EAT-26 Eating Attitude Test. Their weight, height and waist circumference were measured. Results: According to HEI scores, only two (0.3%) of adolescents had high quality diet, 379 (63.4%) had diet quality that needed improvement and 217 (36.3%) had poor diet. Regarding Eating Attitude Test scores, 513 (85.8%) had normal attitudes regarding eating behaviors. Conclusion: Almost all of the participants need either development or major changes in their eating behaviors. Interventions aiming high quality diet among adolescents are strongly recommended

Adult vaccination, problems in practice and solution proposals, role of famıly physicians in adult vaccination

Enfeksiyon hastalıklarından korunmada en etkili ve ucuz yöntem aşılamadır. Türkiye’de çocukluk çağı için oldukça başarıyla uygulanan Genişletilmiş Bağışıklama Programı olmasına rağmen erişkin bağışıklamasında hedeflenen oranlara ulaşılamamıştır. Erişkin bağışıklama oranları riskli gruplar için bile istenen düzeylerde değildir. Erişkin aşılamasında istenen hedefe ulaşmak için öncelikle aşı programdaki eksiklerin bilinmesi ve farkın-dalık yaratılması esastır. Bu amaçla ulusal düzeyde iyileştirme çalışmalarına ihtiyaç bulunmaktadır. Koruyucu hekimliğin ayrılmaz parçası olarak bağışıklamada, aile hekimlerine önemli görevler düşmektedir. Bu derleme erişkin aşılamaları hakkında farkındalık yaratmak, mevcut durumu gözden geçirmek ve aşılama oranlarının artırılabilmesi için yapılması gerekenleri aile hekimliği bakış açısı ile vurgulamak amacıyla yazılmıştır.The most effective and economical method of preventing infectious diseases is vaccination. In Turkey, although there is a vaccination scheme for childhood period within the scope of the Expanded Program on Immunization, which is performing succesfully, the aimed ratios for adult immunisation have not been achieved. Adult immunization rates are not at desirable levels even for risky groups. In order to achieve a desired goal in adult vaccination, it is essential to know deficiencies of the program and to create awareness. For this purpose, improvement efforts at the national level are needed. Family physicians have important roles in adult immunizationa as being an essential part of preventive medicine. This review was written to raise awareness about adult immunization, to monitor the current situation, and to establish a framework for what needs to be done in the view of family medicine