Impact of antimicrobial drug restrictions on doctors' behaviors

Background/aim: Broad-spectrum antibiotics have become available for use only with the approval of infectious disease specialists (IDSs) since 2003 in Turkey. This study aimed to analyze the tendencies of doctors who are not disease specialists (non-IDSs) towards the restriction of antibiotics.Materials and methods: A questionnaire form was prepared, which included a total of 22 questions about the impact of antibiotic restriction (AR) policy, the role of IDSs in the restriction, and the perception of this change in antibiotic consumption. The questionnaire was completed by each participating physician.Results: A total of 1906 specialists from 20 cities in Turkey participated in the study. Of those who participated, 1271 (67.5%) had 5 years of occupational experience in their branch expressed that they followed the antibiotic guidelines more strictly than the JSs (P < 0.05) and 755 of physicians (88%) and 720 of surgeons (84.6%) thought that the AR policy was necessary and useful (P < 0.05).Conclusion: This study indicated that the AR policy was supported by most of the specialists. Physicians supported this restriction policy more so than surgeons did

Biological invasions are a population-level rather than a species-level phenomenon.

Biological invasions pose a rapidly expanding threat to the persistence, functioning and service provisioning of ecosystems globally, and to socio-economic interests. The stages of successful invasions are driven by the same mechanism that underlies adaptive changes across species in general-via natural selection on intraspecific variation in traits that influence survival and reproductive performance (i.e., fitness). Surprisingly, however, the rapid progress in the field of invasion science has resulted in a predominance of species-level approaches (such as deny lists), often irrespective of natural selection theory, local adaptation and other population-level processes that govern successful invasions. To address these issues, we analyse non-native species dynamics at the population level by employing a database of European freshwater macroinvertebrate time series, to investigate spreading speed, abundance dynamics and impact assessments among populations. Our findings reveal substantial variability in spreading speed and abundance trends within and between macroinvertebrate species across biogeographic regions, indicating that levels of invasiveness and impact differ markedly. Discrepancies and inconsistencies among species-level risk screenings and real population-level data were also identified, highlighting the inherent challenges in accurately assessing population-level effects through species-level assessments. In recognition of the importance of population-level assessments, we urge a shift in invasive species management frameworks, which should account for the dynamics of different populations and their environmental context. Adopting an adaptive, region-specific and population-focused approach is imperative, considering the diverse ecological contexts and varying degrees of susceptibility. Such an approach could improve and refine risk assessments while promoting mechanistic understandings of risks and impacts, thereby enabling the development of more effective conservation and management strategies

Hidden inequalities amongst the international workforce

This chapter focuses on low status expatriates who have been largely ‘hidden’ from managerial scholarship. They are ‘hidden’ because they are ignored by the migrant literature which looks at people trying to remain in their new society and gain citizenship; and ignored by the expatriation literature which is mainly concerned with high-status ‘top’ talent. These hidden expatriates are typically maids, drivers, security guards, and construction workers - low status and low paid, unable to obtain citizenship, and liable to be sent home, unemployed, at the whim of their employer. If we, as scholars, are to contribute to the betterment of society by elevating the health and well-being of those who live in it, then we must recognise the existence of and address the management issues and concerns of those at the ‘bottom of the pyramid’. We use Organisational Justice theory and draw on examples from Turkey, Singapore and the Middle East to examine the position, the concerns, and the issues of such workers and their often-unequal place in the workforce

Scheuermann kyphosis: Aetiology, diagnosis and conservative treatment

Scheuermann kifozu, spinal kolonun puberte öncesi başlayan ve özellikle adolesan büyüme atağıyla belirginleşen deformitesidir. Hastalık radyolojik olarak artmış torasik kifoz, disk mesafesinde daralma, Schmorl nodülleri ve vertebral kamalaşmanın eşlik ettiği son plak düzensizliği şeklinde tanımlanır. Sırt ağrısı ve kozmetik yakınmalar, temel şikayetlerdir. Tedavi, deformitenin şiddeti, ağrı şikayetleri ve hasta matüritesine göre değişir. Bu çalışmada, literatür bilgileri eşliğinde tanım, etyoloji, klinik bulgular, doğal seyir ve konservatif tedavi açısından Scheuermann hastalığı değerlendirilmiş ve kişisel deneyimlerimiz de aktarılmıştır.Scheuermann&amp;#8217;s kyphosis is a deformity of the spine that develops prior to puberty and becomes most prominent during the adolescent growth spurt. Disease is identified by radiographically with increased thoracic kyphosis, disc space narrowing, Schmorl nodules, irregular end plates associated with vertebral wedging. Back pain and cosmesis are predominant clinical complaints. Treatment is dependent upon magnitude of the deformity, pain complaints and patient maturity. This rewiew article aims to glance to Scheuermann&amp;#8217;s disease in light of the literature concerning definition, etiology, clinical findings, natural course and conservative treatment

Factor analysis of the effect of class rules on the behaviors

The effect of Intraclass behaviors on education is substantial. The behaviors are designated by the class rules. In this study, the survey consists of 35 questions which are class rules' in regard to effect of behaviors are implemented to 356 secondary school students. Obtained data that eliminated by SPSS is analyzed via factor analysis and is compared with other studying about the subject. Thereby is turned out statistical discussion and substantial main components are gained. © Sila Science.2-s2.0-8486979571

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Suyun Derece-İ Lüzum Ve Ehemmiyetini Ve Envaının Havas Ve Ahval-İ Umumiyesini Cami Ve Elli Beş Altmış Kadar Resmi Havi Bir Mecmuaı Malumatdır. Eserde "İstanbul Eğitim Enstitüsü Kitaplığı" Mührü Vardır

First record of red cornetfish Fistularia petimba (Syngnathiformes:Fistulariidae) from Antalya and İskenderun Bays along Turkish Coasts of the Mediterranean Sea

Here, we report the first occurrence of red cornetfish Fistularia petimba in the north-eastern Mediterranean Sea. Altogether four specimens were captured; first two in Antalya Bay on 28 October 2016 and 26 November 2016, and the remaining two in İskenderun Bay on 21 May 2017 during the bottom trawl surveys along the Mediterranean coast of Turkey. All specimens were young and more or less uniform in size (383, 335, 419 and 453 mm standard length). The possibility that F. petimba could become a new potential invader in the Mediterranean as its congeneric F. commersonii is cautioned against. © 2018 Blackwell Verlag GmbHTAGEM/HAYSUD/2015/A11/P-02/3We are very grateful to our colleagues from the Mediterranean Fisheries Research, Production and Training Institute (AKSAM), the captain and crew of R/V Arama 1 for their assistance in sampling. Our gratitude also goes to Dr Yılmaz Emre, the former director of AKSAM and the current administration for their tremendous support in the projects of TAGEM/HAYSUD/2015/A11/P-02/2 “Estimation of Sizes of Demersal Fish Stocks along the Mediterranean Coast of Turkey” and TAGEM/HAYSUD/2015/A11/P-02/3 “Biology of Commercial Shrimp Species in Antalya Bay and Estimation of their Stock Sizes” which were funded by the General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policies of the Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock. -

Radyoterapi sonrası kutanöz anjiosarkom gelişimi

Anjiosarkom küçük kan damarlarındaki endotel hücrelerden kaynaklanan ve nadir görülen bir tümördür. Her organı etkileyebilmekle birlikte sıklıkla deri, yumuşak doku, karaciğer, dalak, kalp ve meme tutulmaktadır. İyonize radyasyon tedavisi ve sarkom gelişimi arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koyan çok sayıda veri mevcut ise de güncel literatürün gözden geçirilmesi sonucunda, akciğer kanseri için verilen radyoterapi sonrası anjiosarkom gelişimine rastlanmamıştır. Burada, akciğer kanseri için verilen radyoterapiden 18 yıl sonra anjiosarkom gelişen bir olgu sunulmaktadır.Angiosarcoma is a rare tumour, originated from the endothelial cells of small blood vessels. The disease may affect many organs, with the most frequently involved ones are skin, soft tissue, liver, spleen, heart and breast. Although there are lots of data to establish the relation between the ionizing radiation therapy and the development of sarcoma, a review of the recent literature did not reveal any development of angiosarcoma after radiotherapy which had been administered for lung cancer. In this report, development of cutaneous angiosarcoma 18 years after radiotherapy for lung cancer is presented