Evaluation of tourist reviews on TripAdvisor for the protection of the world heritage sites:Text mining approach

Collecting and analyzing online tourist reviews on destinations is important for sustainable tourism. These analyses can give insight into the extent to which natural and cultural assets in the destination are protected. These evaluations should be considered by the authorities as objective and realistic assessments. In this study, 4183 TripAdvisor reviews of foreign tourists visiting “Göreme National Park and Cappadocia Rocky Area”, which is listed in the World Heritage Site, were evaluated. The data set consisted of English reviews of foreign tourists visiting the region between the years of 2018 - 2020. Dictionary-based sentiment analysis, one of the text mining methods, was used in the study. According to the analysis results, the positive perceptions of the tourists about the churches, fairy chimneys, valleys and underground cities in the World Heritage Site were found to be significantly high (75%). Negative evaluations were found to be low (33%). In tourist reviews, 63% positive and 10.49% negative evaluations were made about the protection of the region. In addition, the awareness of the tourists about whether the locations they visit are World Heritage Sites was 30.6%. Tourists explained their negative opinions about the locations they visited with the words "extra_payment", "crowded", and "steep". Another finding of the study was that the area is adequately protected. There were, however, some concerns related to protection. The most striking aspects of protection concerns were those in which the words "painted" and "drawn" were used, an important indicator of visitor sensitivity to the protection of frescoes in rock churches. Since the destruction of natural and cultural assets in the region is unacceptable, recommendations are made to take the necessary measures to prevent such damag

A deficiência é um obstáculo ao emprego na indústria do turismo?

AbstractStudy objective: The purpose of the study conducted in this context is to identify the problems arising from the employment of disabled individuals employed in the hotel industry and to reveal the problems arising from the disability situations in the business areas from the perspective of the manager.Methodology/approach: The sampling of this research is a group of fourteen different human resources managers of four- and five-star hotels in Turkey. During the interviews with the sample group between January 5 and March 10, 2021, a semi-structured question form created by the researchers was used and various data were obtained. To make the obtained data meaningful and to reach the research findings, phenomenology and descriptive analyzes were made and results were obtained.Originality/Value: Disabled people have some handicaps in working life as well as in all areas of individual life. States enact a number of laws for the employment of people with disabilities. But these laws are not sufficient in terms of quality and quantity. In this case, disabled individuals and businesses employing these individuals encounter problems. Studies describing the problems faced by managers regarding the employment of disabled people in hotels are quite limited in the national and international literature.Main results: It was determined that the participant human resources managers faced problems such as slowdown work, low motivation and adaptation, lack of discipline, low service quality, employee conflict and inefficiency. These problems constitute a major obstacle to the employment of people with disabilities in the tourism sector.Theoretical/methodological contributions: The study contributes to revealing the deficiencies in current laws and practices in the employment of disabled people. ResumenObjetivo del estudio: El objetivo del estudio en este contexto es identificar los problemas derivados de la contratación de personas con discapacidad empleadas en el sector hotelero y desvelar los problemas derivados de la discapacidad en las áreas empresariales desde la perspectiva del directivo.Metodología/acercarse: La muestra de esta investigación es un grupo de catorce responsables de recursos humanos diferentes de hoteles de cuatro y cinco estrellas en Turquía. En las entrevistas al grupo de muestra entre el 5 de enero y el 10 de Marzo de 2021 se utilizó un cuestionario semiestructurado elaborado por los investigadores y se obtuvieron diversos datos. Para dar sentido a los datos obtenidos y llegar a los hallazgos de la investigación, se realizaron análisis fenomenológicos y descriptivos y se obtuvieron resultados.Originalidad/Relevância: Las personas discapacitadas tienen algunas desventajas en la vida laboral, así como en todas las áreas de la vida individual. Los estados promulgan una serie de leyes para el empleo de personas con discapacidad. Pero estas leyes no son suficientes en términos de calidad y cantidad. En este caso, las personas con discapacidad y las empresas que emplean a estas personas encuentran problemas. Los estudios que describen los problemas que enfrentan los gerentes con respecto al empleo de personas con discapacidad en los hoteles son bastante limitados en la literatura nacional e internacional.Resultados principales: Se determinó que los gerentes de recursos humanos participantes enfrentaban problemas como lentitud en el trabajo, baja motivación y adaptación, falta de disciplina, baja calidad del servicio, conflicto de empleados e ineficiencia. Estos problemas constituyen un obstáculo importante para el empleo de las personas con discapacidad en el sector turístico.Contribuciones teóricas/metodológicas: El estudio contribuye a revelar las deficiencias de las leyes y prácticas vigentes en el empleo de personas con discapacidad. ResumoObjetivo do estudo: O objetivo do estudo realizado neste contexto é identificar os problemas decorrentes do emprego de pessoas com deficiência empregadas na indústria hoteleira e revelar os problemas decorrentes das situações de deficiência nas áreas de negócio na perspetiva do gestor.Metodologia/abordagem: A amostra desta pesquisa é um grupo de quatorze diferentes gestores de recursos humanos de hotéis de quatro e cinco estrelas na Turquia. Durante as entrevistas com o grupo amostral entre 5 de janeiro e 10 de março de 2021, os pesquisadores utilizaram uma questão semiestruturada e diversos dados foram obtidos. Para dar sentido aos dados obtidos e chegar aos achados da pesquisa, foram feitas análises fenomenológicas e descritivas e obtidos os resultados.Originalidade/Relevância: As pessoas, com deficiência têm algumas limitações na vida profissional, bem como em todas as áreas da vida individual. Os estados promulgam várias leis para o emprego de pessoas com deficiência. Mas essas leis não são suficientes em termos de qualidade e quantidade. Nesse caso, pessoas com deficiência e empresas que empregam essas pessoas encontram problemas. Na literatura nacional e internacional, os estudos que descrevem os problemas enfrentados pelos gestores em relação ao emprego de pessoas com deficiência em hotéis são bastante limitados.Principais resultados: Determinou-se que os gestores de recursos humanos participantes enfrentavam problemas como lentidão no trabalho, baixa motivação e adaptação, falta de disciplina, baixa qualidade do serviço, conflito de funcionários e ineficiência. Estes problemas constituem um grande obstáculo ao emprego de pessoas com deficiência no setor do turismo.Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas: Contribuições teórico-metodológicas: O estudo contribui para revelar as deficiências das legislações e práticas vigentes no emprego de pessoas com deficiência

Relationship between destination image change and behavioral ıntention: a study on Cappadocia hot air balloon experience

This study aims to determine the effect of tourists’ experiences on the change in the image of Cappadocia and the intention of suggesting it to others by the impact of experiences of tourists participating in hot air balloon tours in Cappadocia region. The Study universe consists of local and foreign visitors coming to Cappadocia Region. The easy sampling method from non-incidental sampling methods was preferred in the study. The sample consisted of 406 visitors who visited Cappadocia Region and attended hot air balloon tours. According to empirical research findings, it was determined that the value of the hot air balloon experience and dimensions of memory, entertainment, aesthetics and education have a meaningful and powerful effect on the change of the image of Cappadocia. This change in the image of Cappadocia has the same effects on behavioral intentions. With reference to research findings, it can be said that Cappadocia has a strategic role in the promotion of the hot air ballooning destination, image formation and even positive change of such image. It is recommended that the stakeholders responsible for destination marketing use this role of hot air ballooning to create a competitive advantage

Exploring host-guest interaction on Airbnb

This study aims to examine the reviews of guests who had Airbnb experience in Mexico City, Athens, and Tokyo in terms of host-guest interaction. In this way, we intend to interpret guest's experience, satisfaction, recommend and revisit intention phenomenon in terms of depth and breadth of host's sincerity.We adopt an interpretive approach and a mixed method. That is, the study combines topic extracting technic by employing online secondary big data and explicating emerging themes and patterns. The paper highlights firstly sincerity of communication in sentences with host name emphasized. On the other hand, the host's responsive and communicative nature improves friendliness over time, which affects experience, satisfaction, recommend and revisit. Finally, Airbnb hosts are intermediator of local culture.In our research, a lexicon specific to our research topic (guest-host communication) was created by using topic extraction, Tf*Idf and named entity extraction techniques. The created lexicon can be used in other studies in this field. Furthermore, we conclude that using hosts’ name in reviews by guest an important attribute of interaction.Findings from this study provides important managerial implications for hospitality industry and Airbnb hosts who attempt to interact with guest accurately. Thence the study suggests a communication should enclose diverse and accurate information, host should pay attention to be friendly and communicative, respond as quickly as possibl

The Treatment of Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis Under Field Conditions: Intrapalpebral Injection Versus Subconjunctival Injection of Oxytetracycline

Bu çalışmanın amacı, infeksiyöz bovine keratokonjuktivitis (IBK)’in sağaltımında, göze intrapalpebral (IPa) enjeksiyon ile uygulanılan oksitetrasiklin’in, subkonjuktival (SCo) enjeksiyon ile karşılaştırıldığındaki etkinliğini belirlemekti. Çalışmada, IBK’nın şiddetli klinik bulguları bulunan 2-4 yaşındaki, dişi, 15 Holstein Friesian sığıra ait 20 göz değerlendirildi. Etkilenen hayvanlar unilateral (n=10; % 66,7) ve bilateral (n=5; % 33,3) semptomlara sahipti. 0. günde tüm oküler swab örneklerinden Morexella bovis izole edildi ve oksitetrasikline duyarlı idi (% 100). 0, 3 ve 6. günlerde günde bir kez toplam 200 mg dozda oksitetrasiklin (100 mg/ml) IPa (n=10) ve SCo (n=10) olarak enjekte edildi. Enjeksiyonlardan sonra, korneal ülser iyileşmesi şekilleninceye kadar haftalık olarak IBK ile ilişkili lezyonlar yönünden hayvanlar tekrar muayene edildi. Mikrobiyolojik muayene birer hafta ara ile 3 kez tekrarlandı. Lezyonun iyileşme zamanı üzerine enjeksiyon tipinin etkisi yoktu. Lezyonun büyüklüğü ve bulunduğu tarafın iyileşme zamanı üzerine belirgin etkisi vardı (p<0.001). Küçük lezyonlar mikrobiyolojik değerlendirmede daha erken dönemde temiz bulundu. Lezyon büyüklüğü mikrobiyal gelişimi belirgin olarak etkiledi (p<0.001). Sonuç olarak, her iki uygulama ile aynı terapötik etki sağlandı. Bununla birlikte, bu çalışmada saha koşullarında özellikle ağrılı gözlerde IPa enjeksiyon yolu ile verilen oksitetrasiklin, SCo enjeksiyondan nispeten daha kolay, daha rahat ve daha az invazivdi. İlave olarak, bu çalışmada kullanılan doz (0, 3 ve 6. günlerde günde bir kez 200 mg) IBK’lı sığırlar için yeterli idi.The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of oxytetracycline when applied intrapalpebral (IPa) injection to the eye, compared with subconjunctival (SCo) injection, in the treatment of infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK). Twenty eyes with severe clinical signs of IBK, of 15 Holstein Friesian female cattle aged 2–4 years were evaluated in this study. The affected animals had unilateral (n=10; 66.7%) and bilateral (n=5; 33.3%) symptoms. Moraxella bovis were identified in all ocular swabs samples on day 0 and all isolates were susceptible to oxytetracycline (100%). Oxytetracycline (100 mg/ml) was injected IPa (n=10) and SCo (n=10) at a total dose of 200 mg once daily on days 0, 3 and 6. After injections, the animals were re-examined for resolution of lesions associated with IBK weekly until the corneal ulcer healed. Microbiologic examination was repeated 3 times at intervals of 1 week. There is no effect of injection type on healing time of the lesion. Size and side of the lesion have a significant effect on healing time (p<0.001). It was found that small lesions had earlier clean in terms of the microbiologic evaluation. Lesion size has a significant effect on microbial growth (p<0.001). In conclusion, the same therapeutic effect was achieved in both applications. However, oxytetracycline given by IPa injection was comparatively easy, more comfortable and less invasive especially for painful eyes against IBK than SCo injection under the conditions of this study. In addition, it was enough for cattle with IBK at the dosage (200 mg, once daily on days 0, 3 and 6) of used in the study

Investigando a Interação Anfitrião-Convidadono Airbnb

This study aims to examine the reviews of guests who had Airbnb experience in Mexico City, Athens, and Tokyo in terms of host-guest interaction. In this way, we intend to interpret guest's experience, satisfaction, recommend and revisit intention phenomenon in terms of depth and breadth of host's sincerity. We adopt an interpretive approach and a mixed method. That is, the study combines topic extracting technic by employing online secondary big data and explicating emerging themes and patterns. The paper highlights firstly sincerity of communication in sentences with host name emphasized. On the other hand, the host's responsive and communicative nature improves friendliness over time, which affects experience, satisfaction, recommend and revisit. Finally, Airbnb hosts are intermediator of local culture. In our research, a lexicon specific to our research topic (guest-host communication) was created by using topic extraction, Tf*Idf and named entity extraction techniques. The created lexicon can be used in other studies in this field. Furthermore, we conclude that using hosts’ name in reviews by guest an important attribute of interaction. Findings from this study provides important managerial implications for hospitality industry and Airbnb hosts who attempt to interact with guest accurately. Thence the study suggests a communication should enclose diverse and accurate information, host should pay attention to be friendly and communicative, respond as quickly as possible

Follow-Up During Early Infancy of Newborns Diagnosed with Subcutaneous Fat Necrosis

Subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn (ScFN) is an uncommon condition caused by generalized and/or local tissue hypoperfusion. The skin lesions of ScFN tend to improve spontaneously. However, ScFN may also lead to complications which cause serious problems. The severity of the etiologic factors contributing to the development of the disease determines the severity of complications. Therefore, these patients should be closely monitored for complications, especially for hypercalcemia which may be life-threatening. The severity and duration of hypercalcemia are associated with the extensity of skin lesions

Sentiment analysis of sema shows in the context of cultural tourism: Istanbul, Cappadocia, Konya comparison

Sema; Allah’a ulaşma yolunun derecelerini sembolize eden, içinde dini öğe ve temalar barındıran ve bu haliyle ayrıntılı kural ve niteliklere sahip bir tören olarak tanımlanmaktadır. “Mevlevi sema törenleri” 2005 yılında UNESCO tarafından korunması gereken Somut Olmayan Kültürel Mirası başyapıtı olarak ilan edilmişitir. Bu tarihten sonra sema gösterilerine yönelik küresel farkındalık artmıştır. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı kültür turizmi kapsamında Sema gösterilerinin yabancı turistlerin bakış açılarına göre değerlendirilmesidir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda İstanbul ve Nevşehir/Kapadokya’da iki işletme ve Konya Mevlâna Gösteri Merkezin’ne ait dijital metinlerden oluşan yabancı turist yorumları Tripadvisor sitesinden toplanmıştır. Toplanan veriler metin madenciliği yöntemlerinden duygu analizi ve kümelenme tekniği kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Duygu analizi sonuçlarına göre, turistlerin gösteriler ile ilgili olumlu bakış açılarının ortalaması kayda değer oranda (%77) yüksek çıkmıştır. Kümeleme analizi sonuçlarına göre her üç gösteri için yabancı turist algıları yüksek oranda “Kültürel” boyutta sonra sırası ile “Dinsel” ve “Turistik şov” boyutlarında oluşmuştur.Sema; it is defined as a ceremony that symbolizes the degrees of the path to reach God, contains religious elements and themes, and as such has detailed rules and qualities. “Mevlevi whirling ceremonies” were declared as the Intangible Cultural Heritage masterpiece that must be preserved by UNESCO in 2005. After this date, global awareness towards sema shows has increased. The main aim of this study is to evaluate the Sema shows within the scope of cultural tourism according to the perspectives of foreign tourists. For this purpose, foreign tourist comments consisting of two businesses in Istanbul and Nevşehir / Cappadocia and digital texts of Konya Mevlana Show Center were collected from Tripadvisor. The collected data was evaluated by using emotion analysis and clustering technique, which is one of the text mining methods. According to the results of the sentiment analysis, the average of the positive perspectives of the tourists regarding the shows was significantly higher (77%). According to the results of the cluster analysis, the perceptions of foreign tourists for all three shows were high in the “Cultural” dimension, then in the “Spiritual” and “Touristic show” dimensions, respectivel

Opinion mining in the evaluation of local restaurants: The case of Gaziantep

Turizm sektöründe, çevrimiçi turist yorumlarının analizi, işletmelerin sunduğu ürün ve hizmetleri değerlendirme ve turistlerin ihtiyaçlarını anlama yöntemlerinden birisi olarak görülmektedir. Turist yorumlarındaki metinsel içeriklerin değerlendirmesi, metin madenciliği yöntemlerinden fikir madenciliği ile yapılabilmektedir. Çalışmanın amacı; Gaziantep’te bölgeye özgü yemekler sunan ve TripAdvisor sitesinde yer alan restoranlara yönelik yabancı turist yorumlarının metin madenciliği yöntemlerinden, bakış tabanlı duygu analizi kullanılarak değerlendirilmesidir. Veri toplama aşamasında, Gaziantep ’de faaliyet gösteren ve TripAdvisor sitesinde ilk sekiz sırada yer alan restoranlar seçilmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında, sekiz restoranla ilgili 2019-2020 yıllarında yabancı turistlerin oluşturduğu 358 yorum, 05.01.2021-09.01.2021 tarihleri arasında araştırmacı tarafından web kazıma tekniği kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Araştırma bulgularına göre; yabancı turistler, Gaziantep restoranlarında sunulan yiyecekleri lezzetli bulmuşlar, taze ve acılı-baharatlı olmalarını olumlu değerlendirmişlerdir. Ayrıca restoranların ortamlarından ve çalışanların arkadaş canlısı yaklaşımlarından memnuniyetlerini ifade etmişlerdir. Turistler, restoranları temiz olarak değerlendirmişler ve başkalarına önerebileceklerini ifade etmişlerdir. Öte yandan turistler, restoranları pahalı ve yoğun oluşunu olumsuz olarak değerlendirmişlerdir.In the tourism industry, the analysis of online tourist comments is seen as one of the methods to evaluate the products and services offered by businesses and to understand the needs of tourists. Evaluation of textual contents in tourist comments can be done by opinion mining, one of the text mining methods. Purpose of the study; It is the evaluation of foreign tourists' comments about restaurants that serve Gaziantep region-specific dishes on the TripAdvisor site, using the aspect-based sentiment analysis technique. During the data collection phase, restaurants operating in Gaziantep and ranked in the top eight on the TripAdvisor site were selected. Within the scope of the research, 358 comments created by foreign tourists in 2019-2020 about eight restaurants were collected by the researcher using the web scraping technique between 05.01.2021-09.01.2021. According to the research findings; Foreign tourists found the food served in Gaziantep restaurants delicious and positively evaluated their freshness and spicy taste. They also expressed their satisfaction with the atmosphere of the restaurants and the friendly approach of the staff. Tourists evaluated the restaurants as clean and stated that they could recommend it to others. On the other hand, tourists negatively rated restaurants as being expensive and bus

Evaluation of boutique hotels in the context of luxury tourism: the case of cappadocia

Kapadokya UNESCO dünya miras listesinde yer alan peri bacaları, doğal kayaların oyulmasıyla oluşturulan yerleşim yerleri ve otantik atmosferiyle lüks turizm faaliyetleri için önemli bir destinasyondur. Araştırmada, Kapadokya Bölgesi’nde dünya miras alanları içeresinde yer alan lüks mağara otelleri ziyaret eden yabancı turistlerin oteller hakkındaki algılarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini, 2021 yılında TripAdvisor sitesi tarafından belirlenen ve Kapadokya’da faaliyet gösteren en iyi 14 lüks mağara otellere ait 3430 adet İngilizce yorum oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma verisi metin madenciliği yöntemlerinden konu çıkarımı tekniği kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma bulgularına göre; turistler, mağara otellerde yaşadıkları eşsiz deneyimlerini tanımlarken fiziksel çevre açısından önem sırasına göre vadiden, sıcak hava balonu seyirlerinden ve peri bacalarından bahsetmişlerdir. Otellerde sunulan ürün hizmetler açısından otellerdeki şömineleri, modern olanakları (banyo, yataklar, kaya odalar), yardımsever personelleri, şarap mahzenleri ve akşam yemeği konularından bahsetmişlerdir. Ayrıca otel deneyimlerini başkalarına tavsiye etme niyetlerini ve otellerde kendilerini evlerinde gibi hissettiklerini belirtmişlerdir.Cappadocia is an important destination for luxury tourism activities with its fairy chimneys, settlements created by carving natural rocks and its authentic atmosphere, which are on the UNESCO world heritage list. In the research, it is aimed to determine the perceptions of foreign tourists visiting luxury cave hotels, which are among the world heritage sites in the Cappadocia Region, about the hotels. The sample of the research consists of 3430 English comments of the 14 best luxury cave hotels operating in Cappadocia, determined by the TripAdvisor website in 2021. The research data were analyzed using the topic extraction technique, which is one of the text mining methods. According to the research findings; While describing their unique experiences in cave hotels, the tourists mentioned the valley, hot air balloon rides and fairy chimneys in order of importance in terms of physical environment. They mentioned the fireplaces, modern facilities (bathrooms, beds, rock rooms), helpful staff, wine cellars, dinner in the hotels in terms of product services offered in the hotels. They also stated that they intend to recommend their hotel experience to others and that they feel at home in hotel