An Interaction of Maleic Anhydride-Vinylacetate Copolymer with Solvents

The infrared spectra of maleic anhydride-vinylacetate copolymer in non-polar solvent such as dioxane and in polar solvent such as N，N-dimethylformamide were measured. ln N，N- dimethylformamide the anhydride carbonyl in copolymer showed two absorption bands at lower frequences rather than those in dioxane. ln addition，in N，N-dimethylformamide the anhydride groups in copolymer decreased with time and the amide compounds were formed，but in dioxane little changes with time were observed. These results suggest that N，N-dimethylformamide is a reactive solvent and its strong affinity with copolymer is responsible for an abnormal behavior　of vscosity and a coloration phenomenon reported prieviously

文部省の新体力テストによって評価される本学体育専攻学生の体力・運動能力の特徴

The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristic of the physical fitness of female students who specialize in health and sports by the new physical fitness test which the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture made. The subjects were 96 university female students who belong to the physical education major of this university. The results were summarized as follows: 1) The average value with total point of the new physical fitness test was 51.7 in 60 perfect scores and the physical fitness of 85.9% of students was evaluated by the A step. 2) The point with the items, which measure endurance capacity, was significantly higher than that with the items, which measure muscular strength and power. 3) Significant correlation coefficient was observed between the present sport activity, the self evaluation to the physical fitness and the endurance capacity. These results suggested that at the female students, who specialize in health and sports, the level of the total physical fitness was high, especially, the endurance capacity is excellent and the cardiovascularendurance was influenced by the present sport activity and the self evaluation to the physical fitness

Photopolyrnerization of N-Ethylrnaleirnide in Solid State

The polymerization of N-ethylmaleimide (EtM) in solid state was carried out over the temperature range 250 to 480C under u1traviolet irradiation. EtM polymerizes easi1y at a temperature 100-150C lower than the me1ting point. The rate of polymerization increases with an increase in temperature and is proportional to the incident light intensity. The post-polymerization occurs slightly. The products formed during irradiation are linear polymer， a small amount of cross-linked polymer and a small amount of cyclic dimer. Both the amount of linear polymer and cross-linked polymer increase with an increase in temperature. On the other hand，the amount of cyclic dimer decreases with an increase in temperature. The molecular weight of linear polymer increases with an increase in polymerization temperature

Mesophase structure discovered through in-situ X-ray measurement in drawing process of poly(ethylene 2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylate) fiber

The structure development in the continuous laser-heated drawing process of poly(ethylene 2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylate) (PEN) fiber was analyzed by in-situ X-ray diffraction measurement. Because of the rapid and uniform laser heating, and the resultant steady-state nature of the necking-drawing, the structure development after the on-set of necking could be measured in the time resolution of several hundred microseconds. We found for the first time the temporal appearance of meridional (001') diffraction at several milliseconds after the on-set of necking indicating that the mesophase structure similar to the one reported for poly(ethylene terephthalate) was also formed in the initial stage of fiber structure development of PEN. The d-spacing of the (001') diffraction 1.230 +/- 0.003 nm was shorter than the c-axis lengths of both alpha and beta crystals.ArticlePOLYMER. 50(19):4429-4431 (2009)journal articl

小学生年代のハンドボールにおける「個の育成」を目指したルールの下での選手育成活動について：日本とドイツのトップチームを比較して

This study aimed to clarify the philosophy of children’s handball coaches in Japan and Germany in terms of individual player development, content and methods of training, and game performance. In addition, we compared player development and enhancement between top children’s handball teams from Japan (“Hokuden”: coach, Mr. Tanaka) and Germany (“Leipzig”: coach, Mr. Andrä) by interviewing the coaches and analyzing the teams’ game performances.　The main results were as follows: 1) While the philosophy of “individual player development” was to let young players acquire basic skills in handball for both Hokuden and Leipzig, differences were found between Mr. Tanaka’s and Mr. Andrä’s approaches, in that mastering skills was important for Mr. Tanaka, whereas gaining a variety of experiences was important for Mr. Andrä. 2) No significant differences were found in the effectiveness of positional attacks (total goals divided by the total number of attacks in a match), effectiveness of shots (total goals divided by the total number of shots in a match), and percentage of technical errors (total technical errors divided by the total number of attacks in a match), suggesting that there are no characteristic outcomes, even though they play under different rules. 3) In Hokuden, individual roles were divided according to each phase of organized attack and defense, and each player tried to fulfill a role as a part the team, whereas in Leipzig, players tried to solve issues in order to score a goal through the entire phase of organized attack and defense by themselves, suggesting that both coaches focused on “individual player development” but with different target images

Effect of drawing stress on mesophase structure formation of poly(ethylene 2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylate) fiber just after the neck-drawing point

The structural development of poly(ethylene 2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylate) (PEN) fibers was analyzed by in situ X-ray diffraction and fiber temperature measurements. The PEN fiber was drawn continuously under three drawing stresses, where the neck-drawing point was fixed accurately by CO2 laser irradiation heating. The developed crystal structures of the drawn fibers depended on the drawing stresses, that is, only the alpha-crystal was obtained under a drawing stress of 148 MPa, an alpha-rich mixed crystal was obtained for 54 MPa, and a beta-rich mixed crystal was obtained under 23 MPa stress. Fiber containing over 70% beta-crystal was obtained in the third case. Orientation-induced crystallization rates (K) and crystallization induction times (t(0)) were estimated for the three drawing stresses: K = 2210 s(-1) and t(0) = 0.5 ms for 148 MPa, K = 940 s(-1) and t(0) = 1.0 ms for 54 MPa, and K= 655 s(-1) and t(0) = 4.0 ms for 23 MPa. In addition, the drawing stress acted as a definitive influence not only on the resulting crystal form but also on the chain conformation of the mesophase structure. The d-spacing of the (001') diffraction increased with drawing stress, and the longer (001') spacing generated the alpha-crystal while the comparatively shorter (001') spacing yielded the beta-crystal. The d-spacings of 1.27 and 1.23 nm for the drawing stresses of 148 and 23 MPa, respectively, were somewhat shorter than the c-axis lengths of the alpha- and beta-crystals of 1.32 and 1.27 nm, respectively.ArticlePOLYMER. 53(19):4272-4279 (2012)journal articl