A study of acute dermal toxicity of Artemisia herba-alba Asso essential oils

Medicinal plants constitute a huge reserve of many therapeutic virtues recognized by their powerful effects since the dawn of time. Our research focused on the study of acute skin toxicity (AST) of Artemisia herba-alba Asso (Aha) essential oils, obtained by hydrodistillation. AST has been evaluated, using rats of the species Rattus norvegicus with reference to a method proposed by the organisation for economic co-operation and development (OECD) guideline. Biochemical parameters, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransférase, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, and creatinine were measured in whole blood after animal sacrifices. In parallel, the histological liver and kidney sections were analyzed. The Lethal dose50 (LD50) value was found greater than 5000 mg/kg. In addition, the biochemical markers of the tested rats did not change during the experiment compared to the control group. No tissue damage has been detected. A. herba alba Asso essential oil was considered non-dangerous, which can be used to heal against all benign or severe illnesses

Antioxidant activity of extracts formulated from Citrus aurantium and Artemisia herba alba

Plants still present a large source of novel active biological compounds with different activities. The antioxidant activity of three extracts was evaluated by DPPH and ferric reducing antioxidant power methods. The formulated extracts were analyzed by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and then confirmed by High performance liquid chromatography coupled with DAD detector (HPLC-DAD). The results showed the richness of these extracts in phenolic compounds. Three major compounds, resveratrol (17.98%), kaempferol-glucoside (7.23%) and vanillic acid (10.64%) were detected in methanolic extract of Citrus aurantium peel, aqueous extract of Citrus aurantium L. leaves and ethanolic extract of Artemisia herba alba Asso respectively by HPLC-DAD. However, the ethanolic extract of A. herba alba achieved 50% of the anti-radical activity at a concentration equal to 0.8 mg/ml. A higher antioxidant activity measured by ferric reducing antioxidant power was marked in the same extract with an absorbance equal to 0.824. The ethanolic extract of the aerial part of A. herba alba, the methanolic extract of C. aurantium peel and the aqueous extract of C. aurantium leaves were considered as powerful scavengers of free radicals and can be incorporated into the pharmaceuticals preparations to treat many diseases. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.405883

ETUDE DE L’EFFET D’HUILE ESSENTIELLE DE LAURIER NOBLE DE L’OUEST ALGÉRIEN SUR SALMONELLA SPP. IN VITRO ET IN VIVO

The foodborne infections have a significant impact on public health. Salmonella is the first bacterial cause, especially because of its general availability in the intestinal tract of poultry, pigs and cattle. This bacteria and essential oil are the subject of study of Laurel essential oil effect of this magic plant Salmonella in vitro and in vivo. In vitro evaluation of the antibacterial activity shows a sensitivity of Salmonella spp. with a Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of 2.5 mg.ml-1. In vivo, Wistar rats were infected with Salmonella spp and then treated with the essential oil of Laurel .The microbiological analyese fecal matter from these rats showed that the essential oil of Laurel has a remarkable result on this bacterium pathogen

A study of acute dermal toxicity of Artemisia herba-alba Asso essential oils

225-229Medicinal plants constitute a huge reserve of many therapeutic virtues recognized by their powerful effects since the dawn of time. Our research focused on the study of acute skin toxicity (AST) of Artemisia herba-alba Asso (Aha) essential oils, obtained by hydrodistillation. AST has been evaluated, using rats of the species Rattus norvegicus with reference to a method proposed by the organisation for economic co-operation and development (OECD) guideline. Biochemical parameters, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransférase, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, and creatinine were measured in whole blood after animal sacrifices. In parallel, the histological liver and kidney sections were analyzed. The Lethal dose50 (LD50) value was found greater than 5000 mg/kg. In addition, the biochemical markers of the tested rats did not change during the experiment compared to the control group. No tissue damage has been detected. A. herba alba Asso essential oil was considered non-dangerous, which can be used to heal against all benign or severe illnesses

Ethnobotanical and Phytochemical Study of the Medicinal Plant Atriplex Halimus and Its Importance in the Traditional Algerian Pharmacopoeia

Atriplex halimus, is a medicinal plant widely used in Algerian phytotherapy. This study included an ethnobotanical and phytochemical survey on aqueous extracts (phytochemical screening, HPLC analysis, phenolic content and antioxidant activity). The ethnobotanical study on A. halimus showed that aqueous extracts are the most used therapeutic means. The phytochemical study has determined that the phenolic content varies significantly from one extract to another depending on the extraction method. In addition, HPLC analysis has revealed various bioactive compounds that mainly belong to the flavonoid category.  A. halimus is a valuable source of nutraceutic for various diseases

Antimicrobial activity of dried fig (Ficus carica L.) extracts from the region of Mascara (Western Algeria) on Enterobacter cloacae identified by MALDI-TOF/MS

Enterobacter cloacae is currently known as a urinary tract infection agent, especially in hospitals recognized by its resistance to 3rd generation cephalosporin’s, which makes it a target for different works in order to find natural and definitive means of fight and treatment. Their limited biochemical reactivity and their different morphotypes is a real obstacle to their identification by conventional phenotypic means. 16S rRNA and 18S rRNA gene sequencing is highly successful for bacterial identification. However, in recent years, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time in flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) has emerged as a very valid technique for the identification and diagnosis of microorganisms. Our study aims to identify three bacteria belonging to the Enterobacter cloacae species isolated from various environments by the MALDI-TOF/MS method and then to study their antimicrobial activity against some extracts of dried figs of Ficus carica fruits grown in the mascara region (western Algeria). The determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) shows a significant inhibition of the activity of E. cloacae by the methanolic extract of El-Keurt variety at 2.34 mg/ml of extract. This study seems to give good guidance for the use of dried figs against Enterobacter infections. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.464137

Ethnobotanical Survey, Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Activity of Methanolic Extracts of Pistacia lentiscus L. Growing in Northwestern Algeria

In the context of biological studies on an antidiabetic plant, we conducted an ethnobotanical study of Pistacia lentiscus L., collected from two regions in the Northwest of Algeria: Mesra (Mostaganem city) and Mohammadia (Mascara city), followed by a chemical and antioxidant studies of methanolic extracts the leaves of this plant. Ethnobotanically, the plant has a large use, especially in traditional medicine as antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and cosmetics, such as polishing teeth and maintaining gums, moisturizing hair and protecting follicles, polishing skin and perfuming. Also, results showed its richness in active metabolites, such as polyphenols, flavonoids and tanins. The Mesra methanolic extract was more effective than Mohammadia’s one with 90.12 ± 2.74 mg EqGAc/g DW, 41.86 ± 1.52 mg EqCer/g DW, 27.45 ± 056 mg EqCat/g DW while Mohammadia extract revealed 80.31 ± 1.42 mg EqGAc/g DW, 33.92 ± 1.71 mg Eq Cer/g DW, 27.61 ±1.53 mg EqCat/g DW for phenolic compounds, flavonoids and tannins respectively. In addition, the antioxidant study revealed a powerful antioxidant effect with an IC50 of 0.06 mg/mL and 0.1 mg/mL for methanolic extract. This antidiabetic plant is valuable from a health point of view, so we are seeking to confirm another biological activity in vitro and in vivo

Antifungal and antioxidant activities of Artemisia herba-alba Asso

Artemisia herba-alba Asso was used since ancient times as a painkiller of gynecological diseases and in the Moroccan folk medicine to treat chronic disease like diabetes, arterial hypertension. The genus of Artemisia was marked as a member of the family of Asteraceae. White wormwood was mentioned also on the list of the flora of Tell Atlas (Oran) subsector as an abundance species with 93 specimens. Chemical analysis of essential oils obtained from this plant by hydrodistillation, revealed the presence of different chemical species, contains santonin, lactones of sesquiterpenic acids. Flavonoids, coumarins, and tannins were found in extracts. In the most cases, there was no toxic effect observed on animals after receiving repeated or single doses of A. herba-alba Asso either in the form of extracts or essential oils. Essential oils, organic and aqueous extracts of the same plant have shown antioxidant properties against free radicals measured by DPPH, β-carotene-bleaching and metal chelating power tests. There is a great potency of this plant by interacting of its compounds with constituents of fungal cells; chitin, wall of cell, membrane ergosterol and eukaryotic nucleus, and by way of consequence disrupting their synthesis. It is well-known, that the hyphal growth of fungal pathogens was inhibited by sesquiterpenes lactones. This plant seemed potent in term of biological activities and can be used as potential alternative remedies for the treatment of many infectious and oxidative diseases. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.555272

Atriplex halimus L. and Centaurium erythraea Rafn. Essential Oils: The Phytochemical Profile, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Properties

This study was conducted to determine in vitro the antioxidant and antimicrobial potency of essential oils from two medicinal plants known in the Algerian northwest (Mascara city): Atriplex halimus L. and Centaurium erythraea Rafn. The analysis of essential oils (EOs) chemical compounds was performed by GC/MS. In total, 72 and 35 chemical components were identified for C. erythraea and A. halimus, which represents respectively 91.89% and 89.17% of the essential oil content. In fact, EO of A. halimus abundantly contained viridiflorol (40.23%), phytol (18.24%), germacrene D (6.94%), whereas β-copaen-4α-ol (38.41%), manool (8.2%) and carvacrol (6.43%) were found in OE of C. erythraea. Both essential oils were tested for antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis (Gram-positive bacteria), Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram-negative bacteria) and one yeast strain Candida albicans using the agar-disc diffusion assay and the microdilution method (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration, MIC). A. halimus EO is active against Escherichia coli, whereas the essential oil of C. erythraea is active against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans. The antioxidant properties were evaluated using free radical scavenging and ferric reducing power (FRAP) assay. The results obtained showed the existence of an antioxidant activity of the studied essential oils but less effective compared to the standards used (ascorbic acid and catechin)