Concentration And Time-Dependent Effect Of Initial Sodium Hypochlorite On The Ability Of Qmix And Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid To Remove Smear Layer

Aims: The aim of this study was to compare the ability of 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and QMix with different concentrations and time exposures of initial sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) to remove the smear layer from the root canals. Materials and Methods: Eighty maxillary central incisors were used. After instrumentation, the teeth were divided into eight experimental groups according to the initial and final rinse. About 2.5% and 5% NaOCl were used during instrumentation and for 1 or 3 min was used as postinstrumentation initial irrigants, and 17% EDTA and QMix used as final irrigants. The apical and middle parts of the specimens were observed by scanning electron microscope. Statistical Analysis Used: Data were analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis, Mann–Whitney, and Friedman's test. Results: Regardless of the type of final irrigant, QMix allowed more smear layer removal than EDTA after using 5% initial NaOCl for 3 min. In the apical part of the root canal walls, the smear layer was not completely removed. Conclusion: QMix and EDTA were similarly effective in smear layer removal at the middle parts of the root canal regardless of the concentration and time exposure of initial NaOCl, while none of the irrigation protocols was able to remove smear layer at the apical parts.PubMe

A Case Series Associated with Different Kinds of Endo-Perio Lesions

Pulpal and periodontal problems are responsible for more than half of the tooth mortality. There are some articles published in the literature about this issue. Many of them are quite old. There has been also lack of knowledge about the effect of endodontic treatment on the periodontal tissue healing and suitable treatment interval between endodontic and periodontal treatments. In this case report, different kinds of endo-perio lesion were treated with sequential endodontic and periodontal treatment. The follow-up radiographs showed complete healing of the hard and soft tissue lesions. The tooth with endo-perio lesions should be evaluated thoroughly in terms of any cracks and fracture, especially furcation areas for a long term prognosis. In this case report, it was showed that 3 months treatment intervals between endodontic treatment and periodontal surgery has no harmful effect on periodontal tissue healing. , Key words:Endo-perio lesion, furcation, mandibular molar, bone graft, crack line, treatment interval.PubMedScopu

Effect of Placement Technique on The Push-Out Bond Strength of Calcium-Silicate Based Cements

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of ultrasonic and manual placement techniques on the push-out bond strength of Biodentine and MTA with and without calcium chloride. One hundred and twenty mid-root slices from forty freshly extracted single-rooted human mandibular premolar teeth were instrumented and randomly divided into six groups (n=20) according to the filling material and placement technique applied, as follows: Gl: MTA-manual compaction, G2: Biodentine-manual compaction, G3: MTA+5% CaCl2-manual compaction, G4: MTA-ultrasonic activation, G5: Biodentine-ultrasonic activation, G6: MTA+5% CaCl2 ultrasonic activation. The push-out bond strengths were measured using an Instron testing machine. Data were analyzed using twoway analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Bonferroni correction. The ultrasonic activation significantly enhanced the bond strength values of the materials. Biodentine presented higher bond strength values than that of MTA groups. The addition of CaCl2 to MTA did not improve the bond strength of the material.WoSScopu

Comparison Of Triple Antibiotic Paste Removal By Different Irrigation Techniques

This study compared different irrigation techniques in triple antibiotic paste (TAP) removal from root canals. Fifty-six maxillary anterior -teeth were filled with TAP for 28 days, and assigned into 5 experimental groups (n=10): Syringe irrigation (SI), NaviTip FX (NFX), Vibringe-Syringe irrigation (V-SI), NaviTip FX-Vibringe (V-NFX), passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) and positive and negative control groups (n=3 for each). Following the removal of the medicament, the remaining medicament was evaluated using 4-grade scoring-system. V-NFX and NFX showed similar performances (p>0.05) while V-NFX was significantly more efficient than SI and PUI (p0.05). Regarding different parts of the root canals, V-SI and PUI were significantly less efficient at the apical part (p<0.05). In conclusion, the brush form of irrigation delivery with and without sonic activation improved the removal of TAP from the root canals when compared to ultrasonic activation, syringe irrigation or sonic activation alone.WoSScopu

Učinak ispiranja natrijevim hipokloritom sa i bez surfaktanta na maksimalni operativni okretni moment i vertikalnu silu endodontskih instrumenata od nikal-titanija

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of root canal irrigation on maximum operative torque and vertical force of Wave One Gold Primary (WOG), Reciproc Blue R25 (RB) and Protaper Next X2 (PTN) endodontic rotary instruments during simulated root canal preparation in the presence and absence of a surfactant “benzalkonium chloride”. Material and methods: A custom-made automated irrigation and torque/force analyzing device connected with endomotor was used for the study. Acrylic resin blocks with simulated curved root canals of 35° were randomly assigned to 6 groups for each file. The following irrigants were used during simulated root canal preparation with continuous rotation or reciprocation motion with pecking mode: 5% NaOCl and 5% NaOCl with 0.084% benzalkonium chloride. Maximum torque and vertical force values of files were recorded during preparation. Results: BAC addition to NaOCl did not significantly affect maximum torque values of instruments (p>0.05). WOG generated lowest torque value compared with PTN and RCB in both groups (p 0,05). WOG je generirao najnižu vrijednost okretnoga momenta u usporedbi s PTN-om i RCB-om u objema skupinama (p < 0,05). RB je generirao veću vertikalnu silu u usporedbi s WOG i PTN instrumentima u skupini NaOCl + BAC. Modifikator površine smanjio je maksimalnu vrijednost sile WOG instrumenta (p < 0,05).Zaključak. Dodatak surfaktana natrijevu hipokloridu ne utječe negativno na maksimalni okretni moment i snagu instrumenata

Evaluation Of The Cytotoxicity Of Different Root Canal Sealers On L929 Cell Line By Mit Assay

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of commercially available root canal sealers [Sealite Ultra (SU), Tubli-Seal (TS), Tubli-Seal EWT (TS-EWT), Pulp Canal Sealer (PCS), Pulp Canal Sealer EWT (PCS-EWT), Endomethasone N (En N), and Apexit Plus (AP)] on L929 cells by using MTT assay. After incubation with each sealer's extract at 37 degrees C in a humidified air atmosphere containing 5% CO2 for 24 h, MTT (5 mg/mL) in saline was added into each well and further incubated at 37 degrees C for 4 h. Formazan precipitate was dissolved in a buffer containing 23% sodium dodecyl sulfate and 50% N,N-dimethylformamide (pH 4.7). Optical densities of dissolved formazan were read using a microplate spectrophotometer. AP, TS, and TS-EWT showed no cytotoxicity at any dilution tested. Other sealers exhibited some degree of cytotoxicity at the 1/4 and 1/2 dilutions. PCS-EWT and SD exerted more potent cytotoxicity at 1/2 dilution than the other sealers.WoSScopu

Bond Strength of Calcium Silicate-Based Sealers to Dentine Dried with Different Techniques

Objective To assess the influence of various canal-drying techniques on the push-out bond strength between radicular dentine and both MTA Fillapex and iRoot SP sealers. Materials and Methods Eighty extracted single-root teeth were instrumented with ProTaper Universal rotary instruments to a size F4. The teeth were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 groups as follows: group 1, excess fluid in the canals was removed using a Luer vacuum adapter; group 2, the canals were dried with a single paper point; group 3, the canals were dried with 3–5 paper points, and group 4, the canals were rinsed with 95% ethanol and then dried with 3–5 paper points. In each group, the specimens were subgrouped according to root canal sealer into either subgroup A (MTA Fillapex) or subgroup B (iRoot SP sealer). Horizontal sections (thickness 1 ± 0.1 mm) were obtained from each specimen and a push-out test was performed using a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min on root slices. Statistical analysis was done using the Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn's test for pair-wise comparisons. p 0.05). Conclusions The canal-drying technique influenced the adhesive bond strength between calcium silicate-based root canal sealers and the root canal wall.PubMedWoSScopu

Neurotoxicity of various root canal sealers on rat sciatic nerve: an electrophysiologic and histopathologic study

Tasdemir, Tamer/0000-0001-8512-5280; Er, Kursat/0000-0002-0667-4909; Yildirim, Mehmet/0000-0003-1798-5478WOS: 000362283100040PubMed: 25773448Objectives the aim of this study was to compare the neurotoxicity of various root canal sealers on rat sciatic nerve by electrophysiologic and histopathologic analyses. Materials and methods A total of 40 male rats were randomly divided into five groups: Control, AH Plus, GuttaFlow, Sealapex and Smartpastebio. Sciatic nerves of the rats were uncovered using the surgical procedures, and the prepared sealers were then applied on nerves with a polyethylene tube vehicle for 15 days. Nerve potentials were recorded at initial exposure, 5, 30 and 120 min (early phase), and 15 days (late phase) by an electrophysiologic analysis system for all groups. the obtained measurements were then used to calculate the nerve conduction velocities (NCV). Subsequently, all rats were sacrificed, and their sciatic nerves were removed for histopathologic analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests for intergroup variables and the Friedman and Wilcoxon test for intragroup variables. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Results There was no significant difference between early and late phase results in the control group. This group showed little or no lasting damage to nerve tissue. All sealers decreased the NCV in the early phase time periods, but this decrease was only statistically significant in the AH Plus group at 120-min time period (P < 0.0125). During the late phase, the AH Plus and GuttaFlow groups almost reached initial NCV values, and it was lower than the initial values in the Sealapex and Smartpastebio groups. However, this decrease was not statistically significant. When intergroup comparisons were performed, statistically significant differences occurred at 30 min in the Sealapex group and 120 min in the AH Plus group compared with the control group (P < 0.0125). All sealers induced neurotoxicity as a result of degenerative and inflammatory responses of nerve tissue in histologic analysis. Histologic analysis revealed Sealapex and GuttaFlow to be the most and least neurotoxic, respectively. Conclusions All tested root canal sealers exhibited a variable degree of neurotoxicity depending on their chemical compositions