Detection of the Metabolic Relationship Between Primary Tumor in Breast Cancer According to Molecular Classification in Positron Emission Tomography; Retrospective Cohort Study

The main objective of the study was to investigate whether the maximum SUV emission tomography values of Positron differ between luminal molecular properties. The second objective was to examine the relationship between positron emission tomography SUV max and ki67 in primary tumors and axillary lymphadenopathy. In the study between January 2018 and December 2020, 158 patients with stage 1-2-3 breast cancer admitted to the outpatient clinic of general surgery and medical oncology Yüksek htisas University Medicalpark Ankara were retrospectively evaluated. The results of the study considering the relationship between molecular properties and metabolic activity of primary tumors, found a significant relationship between grade (p<0.005), estrogen receptor (p:0.019), and progesterone receptor (p:0.045). More important differences were observed in the luminal type, especially between such as basal and luminal A (p: 0.021). A significant correlation was found in the Pearson correlation test, which was performed between the primary tumor and the SUV values for maxillary axillary lymphadenopathy (p < 0.001, correlation coefficient: 0.331). For Ki67, there was a significant, albeit low, correlation between the SUV max primary tumors (p: 0.026, correlation coefficient 0.179). Although there is a statistically positive trend between Ki67 and axillary SUV max, there is no significant difference (p: 0.06 correlation coefficient: 0.157) In conclusion, we found a significant relationship between max. positron emission tomography SUV, estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, grade, ki67, and molecular subtypes such as basal and luminal A of the tumor. We found a correlation between the primary tumor and the metabolic activity of axillary lymphadenopathy. It will be meaningful to plan treatment and follow-up according to these results

The utility of ADC measurement techniques for differentiation of low- and high-grade clear cell RCC

Purpose: To evaluate the diffusion properties of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) concerning their Fuhrman nuclear grades and sizes, and to compare the diagnostic performance of two ROI placement techniques for apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurement (entire mass vs. only the darkest region of the mass). Material and methods: Fifty-one ccRCC were enrolled in the study and grouped into low-grade ccRCC (Fuhrman grade 1 and 2, n = 37) and high-grade ccRCC (Fuhrman grade 3 and 4, n = 14). Selective ADC (Sel-ADC) measurement was performed by placing a circular ROI that included the darkest region of the tumour on ADC map images. Extensive ADC (Ext-ADC) measurement was performed by drawing an ROI that covered the entire tumour. Results: The Sel-ADC value was lower in high-grade ccRCC (p = 0.019), whereas the Ext-ADC value did not show a statistically significant difference (p = 0.42). Sel-ADC value of a ≤ 1.405 mm2/s has a sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy value of 78.6, 72.2, 73.87, 77.13, and 75.4, respectively, to differentiate high-grade from low-grade ccRCC. The size and Fuhrman grade of the ccRCC were inversely correlated with the Sel-ADC value; however, the correlations were weak (r = -0.322, p = 0.021 and r = -0.376, p = 0.006, respectively). There was no difference between ADC values of small (≤ 4 cm) and large (> 4 cm) ccRCCs. Conclusions: The ADC value of the darkest region in solid part of the ccRCC may play a role in predicting the nuclear grade of ccRCC

Outcomes of Treatment in Patients with Elderly Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: Comparision of Oral and Parenteral Bisphosphonates

Objective: In this study, we aim to compare the efficacy of oral and parenteral bisphosphonates used in postmenopausal osteoporosis (OP)treatment. Materials and Methods: Between 2010 and 2015, patients older than 65 years who were diagnosed with postmenopausal OP and treated with oral or parenteral bisphosphonate were included in the study. According to treatment, 72 patients receiving oral bisphosphonate and 52 patients receiving parenteral bisphosphonate were divided into two groups as group O and group P respectively. The results of the second year treatment of 124 patients who were treated regularly and at least two years follow up were evaluated and compared. Results: According to the pre-treatment state in both groups; bone mineral density (BMD) of vertebral and femoral, and T-scores showed significant improvement. The mean improvement in vertebral and femoral T-scores and femoral BMD values was better in group P and there was statistically significant difference. In the oral bisphosphonate group, there was a statistically significant difference between the groups in favor of alendronate in the femoral T-score and the improvement in the vertebral and femoral T-score in the parenteral bisphosphonate group was better in the zoledronate subgroup and statistically significant. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate that oral and parenteral bisphosphonates are effective in the treatment of postmenopausal OP. Nevertheless, parenteral bisphosphonates were found to be more effective in terms of vertebral and femoral T-scores and femoral BMD average improvement

Evaluation of Alfalfa Plants Growth Irrigated with Arsenic Contaminated Water

The natural and anthropogenic process cause arsenic contamination of waters and creates serious environmental problems throughout the world. Due to the alfalfa is an important crop in diverse farming systems, it has been grown almost 33% of Turkey’s cropland. In this experimental study, effect of As on the alfalfa plant growth and As accumulation in the shoot of the alfalfa was determined. The accumulation of As in shoots as well as growth of alfalfa at various As contaminated water was evaluated. Alfalfa plants were grown in a greenhouse on a soil amended with different concentrations of As (control, 0.51.01.52.02.53.04.06.08.0 mg/L). In this study, data of two harvest samples were presented. Experimental results indicated that the irrigation with Ascontaminated water of alfalfa cause dry weight increase compared to control pots. As accumulation in the shoots of alfalfa plant increase with increasing As concentrations in the irrigation waters. As accumulation in the shoots at the 2 nd harvest samples were higher than the 1 st samples. However, As accumulation differences between the 1 st and 2 nd samples decreased when the As concentrations in the irrigation water was higher than 4 mg/L

Development of an Entrepreneurial Small Business’ (Abler by Robomedika’s) Strategic Plan by Shortened Systematic Strategic Planning (SSP)—Case Study

As many sources exhort managers to “think strategically”, only a few addresses how to make this happen. Shortened Systematic Strategic Planning (SSP) consists of a pattern of step-wise procedure for straight-forward planning, and the fundamentals involved in any strategic planning project. The use of shortened SSP is more suitable for the development of strategic plans for small- and medium-size businesses. SSP has been applied to and tested on different businesses’ subject issue and has been generated by the composition of the cause-and-effect relations of them. The intention here is to provide a new perspective and benefit for the strategic planners by introducing this new systematic methodology and demonstrating its implementation on an entrepreneurial and new business called Abler. Accordingly, let shortened version of SSP easily understood and universally applied to any small- and medium-size businesses. You are guided how to identify in what circumstances you might use its specific tools and how to target them directly at achieving effective results. The data that are used in this case are fictitious and only help for this study. Though, the given case does not cover all the steps of a typical SSP and use all the recommended techniques, it still reflects the basics

Insecticidal Effect of Usnea longissima (Parmeliaceae) Extract against Sitophilus granarius (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Two secondary metabolites (diffractaic acid & usnic acid) and extract of a lichen species, Usnea longissima Ach. were tested against adults of Sitophilus granarius (L.) on Petri dishes. After exposure, mortality of the adults was determined at 24th, 48th and 96th h. The results showed that secondary metabolites and extract of U. longissima have an insecticidal effect on adults of Sitophilus granarius (L.) in comparison with controls. The insecticidal effect was influenced by the concentrations of the extracts and the exposure time. Higher concentrations and longer exposure time resulted in maximum toxicity on S. granarius. Treatment with extract and lichen compounds of U. longissima pointed out equal mortality against adults of S. granarius. The mortality rates after 96 h of treatment with the maximum concentration (10 mg mL-1) of U. longissima extract, diffractaic acid and usnic acid were determined as 98.98, 91.91 and 94.94% for S. granarius, respectively. However, there was no mortality in the controls. The mortality rates after 96 h of treatment with the 10 mg mL-1 in concentrations of the extract of U. longissima were established and the highest mortality rate was found against S. granarius with 98.98%

Unilateral primary adrenal B-cell lymphoma clinically mimicking chronic gastritis

Background: Primary adrenal lymphomas are a very rare type of extranodal lymphoma, and they usually are found bilaterally. Symptoms of the disease are variable and depend on the type of lymphoma and/or presence of adrenal insufficiency. Magnetic resonance imaging is the best radiologic modality for differentiating lymphomas from other adrenal malignancies; however, histopathology is considered as the gold standard method for diagnosing extranodal lymphomas. Case Report: We present a case of unilateral adrenal lymphoma that was initially diagnosed as an infectious disease and chronic gastritis, based on clinical and laboratory findings. Ultrasonography detected an adrenal mass, and magnetic resonance imaging excluded common lesions of the adrenal gland and showed lymphadenopathy around the major vessels of the abdomen. A percutaneous biopsy of the mass and bone marrow biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of primary adrenal lymphoma withoutbone marrow metastasis. Conclusions: Extranodal lymphomas can occur in almost every organ, and if nonspecific clinical findings are combined with the presence of a solid organ mass, lymphoma should be included in the differential diagnosi

Bonesetter choice of Turkish society in musculoskeletal injuries and the affecting factors

Objective: In this study, it was aimed to investigate the demographic features, administration reasons and educational status of the patients who were presented to the bonesetters for orthopedic complaints. Methods: 96 (26 males, 70 females) patients were included in this study, who filled a questionnaire out of 1926 patients went to bonesetters between June and December 2012. All the patients were recorded regarding demographic features, first application places, educational status, administration reasons, and complication rates. Results: 87 patients (90.6%) preferred bonesetters as the first application place. The mean age of the patients was 31±16.1 years. The most common reason was advices of the family members or relatives (40.6%). The educational status was not significant in administration rate, but low educational status has significant correlation with more complication rates. Sixteen patients developed sequels (16.6%). The effect of bonesetters’ treatment was mostly found to be placebo. Conclusion: Bonesetter is a country reality when prevalence was taken in notice. However, the similarity of their results to placebo ones, having no education, having no legal rights, paying no tax make this issue a great problem. The solution of this problem is depended to increase health programs to inform public and to increase government superintension. J Clin Exp Invest 2013; 4 (4): 472-44

Betahistin dihidroklorür kullanımı pozisyonel nistagmusu etkiler mi?

Aim: In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of betahistine dihydrochloride (BD) use on positional nystagmus as an objective criterion for the diagnosis of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). Methods: The retrospective study included 59 patients (15 males, 44 females) who were aged between 18 and 80 years and referred with suspected BPPV to the otorhinolaryngology clinic of the Istanbul Training and Research Hospital. Only patients who had no central pathology on oculomotor tests were included. Of the patients included, those not using BD were classified as Group I and those using BD medication (24 mg/day) within the last 48 hours as Group II. The positional nystagmus latency, duration, and slow-phase velocity (SPV) values were compared using videonystagmography. Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of oculomotor gains (p>0.05). While there was no difference between the two groups in terms of positional nystagmus latency and SPV values, nystagmus duration was found to be significantly longer in Group II. Conclusion: Although the BD use appears to prolong the duration of nystagmus in BPPV, it does not affect the other parameters of nystagmus, including SPV, and the prolonged duration is still within normal limits. Positional nystagmus can be investigated in patients with a history of suspected BPPV and BD prescription.Amaç: Bu çalışmada betahistin dihidroklorür (BD) kullanımının benign paroksismal pozisyonel vertigo (BPPV) tanısında objektif kriter olan pozisyonel nistagmus üzerine etkisini incelemek amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Retrospektif çalışmamız yaşları 18–80 yıl aralığında değişen ve BPPV şüphesiyle İstanbul Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi’nin kulak–burun–boğaz polikliniğine yönlendirilen 59 (15 erkek, 44 kadın) hasta içerdi. Çalışmaya yalnızca okülomotor testlerde santral patoloji görülmeyen hastalar dahil edildi. Dahil edilen hastalardan BD kullanmayanlar Grup I, son 48 saat içinde BD grubu ilaç (24 mg/gün) kullananlar ise Grup II olarak tasnif edildi. Pozisyonel nistagmus latans, süre ve yavaş faz hızı (YFH) değerleri videonistagmografi kullanılarak karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: İki grup arasında okülomotor kazançlar bakımından anlamlı bir fark bulunmadı (p>0,05). Yine iki grup arasında pozisyonel nistagmus latans ve YFH değerleri açısından fark saptanmazken nistagmus süresi Grup II’de anlamlı olarak daha uzun bulundu. Sonuç: BD kullanımı BPPV’de pozisyonel nistagmus süresini uzatıyor gibi görünse de YFH dahil diğer nistagmus parametrelerini etkilememektedir ve süredeki uzama halen normal sınırlar içindedir. BPPV şüphesi ve BD reçeteleme öyküsü olan hastalarda pozisyonel nistagmus araştırılabilir

Segmentation of orbital and periorbital lesions detected in orbital magnetic resonance imaging by deep learning method

Purpose: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has a special place in the evaluation of orbital and periorbital lesions. Segmentation is one of the deep learning methods. In this study, we aimed to perform segmentation in orbital and periorbital lesions. Material and methods: Contrast-enhanced orbital MRIs performed between 2010 and 2019 were retrospectively screened, and 302 cross-sections of contrast-enhanced, fat-suppressed, T1-weighted, axial MRI images of 95 patients obtained using 3 T and 1.5 T devices were included in the study. The dataset was divided into 3: training, test, and validation. The number of training and validation data was increased 4 times by applying data augmentation (horizontal, vertical, and both). Pytorch UNet was used for training, with 100 epochs. The intersection over union (IOU) statistic (the Jaccard index) was selected as 50%, and the results were calculated. Results: The 77th epoch model provided the best results: true positives, 23; false positives, 4; and false negatives, 8. The precision, sensitivity, and F1 score were determined as 0.85, 0.74, and 0.79, respectively. Conclusions: Our study proved to be successful in segmentation by deep learning method. It is one of the pioneering studies on this subject and will shed light on further segmentation studies to be performed in orbital MR images