A novel fast time jamming analysis transmission selection technique for radar systems

The jamming analysis transmission selection (JATS) sub-system is used in radar systems to detect and avoid the jammed frequencies in the available operating bandwidth during signal transmission and reception. The available time to measure the desired frequency spectrum and select the non-jammed frequency for transmission is very limited. A novel fast time (FAT) technique that measures the channel spectrum, detects the jamming sub-band and selects the non-jammed frequency for radar system transmission in real time is proposed. A JATS sub-system has been designed, simulated, fabricated and implemented based on FAT technique to verify the idea. The novel FAT technique utilizes time-domain analysis instead of the well-known fast Fourier transform (FFT) used in conventional JATS sub-systems. Therefore, the proposed fast time jamming analysis transmission selection (FAT-JATS) sub-system outperforms other reported JATS sub-systems as it uses less FPGA resources, avoids time-delay occurred due to complex FFT calculations and enhances the real time operation. This makes the proposed technique an excellent candidate for JATS sub-systems

HARNESSING THE ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTY OF CERIUM AND YTTRIUM OXIDE NANOPARTICLES TO ENHANCE MESENCHYMAL STEM CELL PROLIFERATION

Objective: This work was designed to explore if cerium oxide (CeO2) and yttrium oxide (Y2O3) nanoparticles as antioxidant agents could potentiate the proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from human dental pulp (hDPSCs).Methods: Nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, particle size and zeta potential, X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) along with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry. Furthermore, MSCs were isolated from human dental pulp, propagated and characterized by flow cytometry. Thereafter, the proliferative impact of the suggested nanoparticles on hDPSCs was investigated by 3-(4,5)-dimethylthiazol)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay.Results: Different sizes (14.09–26.50 nm and 18.80–31.31 nm) for CeO2 and Y2O3 respectively, morphology, charges, and proliferative efficacy in hDPSCs were recorded for both nanoparticles.Conclusion: Generally speaking, the tested nanoparticles heightened the proliferative response of hDPSCs with the most prominent effect exerted by 15 μg/ml of CeO2 and 5 μg/ml of Y2O3. It is reasonable to assume that the antioxidant property of CeO2 and Y2O3 be involved in strengthening the proliferation process of hDPSCs

Life cycle cost analysis of a sustainable solar water distillation technique

This paper presents a detailed estimation of the fabrication cost, water production cost (WC), and cost payback period (CPP) using annualized life cycle costing for a tubular solar still (TSS). The operation and maintenance cost (OM) and the number of sunny days in a year (d) have a significant effect on the WC. The WC is raised from 3.1 to 4.4¥/L, if the OM increases from 5 to 18% of the capital cost, respectively. The WC is dropped by 35% (in average) when the d increases from 230 to 350 days. In addition, the CPP is greatly affected by the water selling prices and d. The CPP is dropped from 68 to 45 days due to the increase of d from 230 to 350 days (in average), respectively. The fabrication cost of the TSS ($5) and the WC ($31/m3) are affordable and much lower than the single-sloped passive solar still. Finally, it is revealed that the solar radiation is the most influential parameter on the productivity of TSS and a linear proportional relationship is found between them

High-density SNP-based association mapping of seed traits in fenugreek reveals homology with clover

Fenugreek as a self-pollinated plant is ideal for genome-wide association mapping where traits can be marked by their association with natural mutations. However, fenugreek is poorly investigated at the genomic level due to the lack of information regarding its genome. To fill this gap, we genotyped a collection of 112 genotypes with 153,881 SNPs using double digest restriction site-associated DNA sequencing. We used 38,142 polymorphic SNPs to prove the suitability of the population for association mapping. One significant SNP was associated with both seed length and seed width, and another SNP was associated with seed color. Due to the lack of a comprehensive genetic map, it is neither possible to align the newly developed markers to chromosomes nor to predict the underlying genes. Therefore, systematic targeting of those markers to homologous genomes of other legumes can overcome those problems. A BLAST search using the genomic fenugreek sequence flanking the identified SNPs showed high homology with several members of the Trifolieae tribe indicating the potential of translational approaches to improving our understanding of the fenugreek genome. Using such a comprehensively-genotyped fenugreek population is the first step towards identifying genes underlying complex traits and to underpin fenugreek marker-assisted breeding programs

Role of Seismic Refraction Tomography (SRT) in bedrock mapping; case study from industrial zone, Ain-Sokhna area, Egypt

In this study, eighteen compressional P-wave seismic refraction profiles survey was conducted on the western side of the Gulf of Suez, Egypt, to map bedrock topography, which is vital information in foundation pole placement and design for large factory construction. The configuration of the seismic survey consists of 10 metres geophone intervals (12 and 24 channels) with a total survey length of 3150 metres survey length. The seismic compressional wave velocity distribution reveals three layers ranging from (400 to 1100 m/s), (1200 to 2000 m/s), and (2200 to 3500 m/s). According to the data, the first low-velocity layer represents unconsolidated Wadi sediments. The second layer, on the other hand, comprises consolidated Wadi sediments, while the third layer comprises fractured to intact sandstone bedrock. The thickness of the first layer is believed to be between 0.5 and 10 m, while the thickness of the second layer is between 8.5 and 25 m. Pseudo-3D model of velocity distribution was constructed, revealing the presence of several low-velocity zones at a depth ranging from 15 to 32 m. Then, the topography of the non-rippable sandstone rock mass was mapped utilizing 3-D model. Finally, the correlation between seismic refraction tomography (SRT) results and nearby well logging dataset drilled by the Egyptian Geological Survey and Mining Authority (EGSMA) matched quite well. It may be inferred that, up to a depth of 15 to 32 metres, there is a high-velocity rock layer suitable for constructing deep foundations for multiple levels of the mega factory

Origin of Amphibole-Biotite-Fluorite-Rich Enclaves from Gabal El-Ineigi Fluorite-Bearing Granite, Central Eastern Desert of Egypt: Insights into Fluoride-Calcium and Silicate Liquid Immiscibility

Gabal El-Ineigi fluorite-bearing rare-metal granite with A-type affinity, located in the Central Eastern Desert of Egypt, is distinguished by its abundance of large fluorite-quartz veins and mafic enclaves. Plagioclase (labradorite to oligoclase), Mg-rich biotite, and Mg-rich hornblende are the main components of mafic enclaves, with significant amounts of fluorite as essential phases, and titanite and Fe-Ti oxides (Nb-free rutile and ilmenite-rutile solid solution) as the main accessories. These enclaves are monzodioritic in composition, Si-poor, and highly enriched in Ca, Fe, Mg, and F compared to the host alkali feldspar F-poor Si-rich granites. Given the conflicting evidence for a restitic, xenolithic, magma mixing/mingling, cumulate, or bimodal origin for these enclaves, we propose that the mafic enclaves and felsic host granites are two conjugate liquids, with contrasting compositions, of a single parental melt. This is inferred by the normalized REE patterns that are similar. As a result, liquid immiscibility is proposed as a probable explanation for this mafic–felsic rock association. These enclaves can be interpreted as transient melt phases between pure silicate and calcium-fluoride melts that are preserved from the early stages of separation before evolving into a pure fluoride (Ca-F) melt during magma evolution. Due to element partitioning related to melt unmixing, the enclaves are preferentially enriched in Ca, F, Li, Y, and REE and depleted in HFSE (such as Zr, U, Th, Ta, Nb, Hf, and Ga) in comparison to the host granites. Furthermore, mafic enclaves exhibit W-type tetrad effects, while host granites exhibit M-type tetrad effects, implying that the REE partitioning, caused by liquid immiscibility, is complementary

WiMAX, LTE, and WiFi Interworking

Recently wireless network interworking has become an important area of research in academia and industry. This is due to the huge diversity of wireless network types, which range from wireless body area network (WBAN) covering areas up to a few inches to wireless regional area networks (WRANs) covering up to several miles. All these types of networks have been developed separately with different usage and applications scenarios, which make interworking between them a challenging task. Themain challenges in wireless interworking of connecting the cellular network with the other wireless networks include issues like security, seamless handover, location and emergency services, cooperation, and QoS. The developed interworking mechanisms, that is, unlicensed mobile access (UMA), IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), and Media independent handover (MIH), due to the characteristics of wireless channel, need to be analyzed and tested under various circumstances

Honey as a complementary medicine

The beneficial effects of honey on human health have long been recognized. Today, many of those positive effects have been studied to elucidate its mode of action. This review briefly summarizes the best studied features of honey, highlighting it as an appealing alternative medicine. In these reports, the health benefits of honey range from antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory activity to anticancer action, metabolic and cardiovascular benefits, prebiotic properties, human pathogen control, and antiviral activity. These studies also support that the honey's biological activity is mainly dependent on its floral or geographic origin. In addition, some promising synergies between honey and antibiotics have been found, as well as some antiviral properties that require further investigation. Altogether, these studies show that honey is effectively a nutraceutical foodstuff.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Design and analysis of different optical attocells deployment models for indoor visible light communication system

Visible light communication (VLC) is a promising candidate that is expected to revolutionize indoor environment communications performance and fulfill fifth generation and beyond (5GB) technologies requirements. It offers high and free bandwidth, electromagnetic interference immunity, low-cost front end and low power consumption. Also, VLC has dual functions that could be utilized in both illumination and communication concurrently. The number of optical attocells (OAs) and their deployment in the room represent the main issue that should be taken into consideration in designing an optimal VLC system. In this paper, we have introduced a new model of five OAs in the typical room. In addition to an investigation of various optical attocells (OAs) deployment models, in which a multi-variable evaluation was performed in terms of received power, illumination, SNR and RMS delay spread in order to determine the optimal OAs model. Also, various modulation schemes performances were investigated which included NRZ-OOK, BPSK, and QPSK in order to improve the BER performance. Results indicated that BPSK modulation had superior BER performance when compared with all OAs models. Further, a comprehensive results analysis and comparison of all proposed models was conducted over various parameters, in which our new proposed OAs model achieved an optimal performance in comparison with the other models

Mixed 2D-3D Halide Perovskite Solar Cells

The 3D-perovskite halides have gained a considerable reputation versus their counterpart semiconductor materials since they achieved a remarkable high-power conversion efficiency of 25.2% within a decade. Perovskite solar cells also have some problems as lattice degradation and sensitivity against moisture, oxygen, and strong irradiation. The perovskite instability is the drawback in front of this emerging technology towards mass production and commercialization. 2D-perovskites, with the general formula A2Bn − 1MnX3n + 1, have been recently introduced to overcome some of the drawbacks of the stability of 3D-perovskites; however, this is at the expense of sacrificing a part of the power conversion efficiency. Mixed 2D/3D perovskites could solve this dilemma towards the way to high stability-efficiency perovskites. The research is expected to obtain highly stable and efficient mixed 2D/3D perovskite solar cells in the few coming years. This chapter reviews 2D-perovskites’ achieved progress, highlighting their properties, current trends, challenges, and future prospects