Advanced Fractal Image Coding Based on the Quadtree

Fractal image coding simply based on quad tree is a unique technique for still image compression. Compared with other image compression methods, fractal image coding has the advantage of higher compression ratio, higher decoding speed and decoded image having nothing to do with the resolution of image. It spends too much time to look for the best matching Ri block on encoding. To improve the encoding speed, we must narrow the search range and improve the search skills to ensure the best match block falls within our range. In this paper, an advanced fractal image compression algorithm based on quad tree is proposed. First, we can improve the construction method of search attractor by constructing directly from the big Di block, so it can save a lot of searching time in encoding. Second, the attractors can be self-constructed, so it is not happened that the attractor is not found in the traditional methods. Experimental result shows that the algorithm makes image coding faster and more efficiency

M-Government Application for Retrieving Users Queries Based on WAP Technology in the Rural Communities Area

Today's, mobile applications have brought the different advantages for accessing and sharing information over wireless application protocol (WAP). There are difficulties for accessing and searching information especially in the rural communities. Hence, the study aimed to develop a mobile application for accessing and retrieving user queries over WAP technology. Moreover, the proposed application will provide users in rural communities with their request information about different events, such as (News, clinics, stations, and other events). Furthermore, Application Development Modified Methodology (Charles, 1995) has been used for building the proposed application. Finally, the proposed application has been evaluated and the obtained results have been produces

Modeling E-Learning Readiness Among Instructors In Iraqi Public Universities

E-pembelajaran telah digunakan oleh banyak institusi pengajian tinggi seluruh dunia. Namun, adakah pensyarah di universiti bersedia untuk menggunakan e-pembelajaran dalam aktiviti-aktiviti pengajaran mereka? Apakah faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kesediaan e-pembelajaran mereka? Kajian ini berhasrat menjalankan pemodelan kesediaan e-pembelajaran dalam kalangan pensyarah di empat buah universiti awam terkemuka di Iraq. Berdasarkan sorotan literatur, sembilan faktor telah dikenalpasti boleh mempengaruhi kesediaan e-pembelajaran, iaitu iklim organisasi (kesediaan persekitaran dan kewangan), budaya (sosial dan komuniti), peralatan (peralatan/infrastruktur, kemahiran teknologi dan sumber manusia), kesediaan subjek/individu untuk berubah (sikap dan gaya pembelajaran atas talian) serta penglibatan. E-learning has been used by many higher learning institutions around the globe. However, are the university instructors ready to use e-learning in their teaching and learning activities? What are the factors influencing their e-learning readiness? This study attempts to model e-learning readiness among instructors in four Iraqi public universities (IPUs). Based on the literature, nine factors involving organizational climate (environmental and financial readiness); societal/community readiness (culture); tools (equipment/infrastructure, technology skills, and human resources); subject/individual readiness for change (attitude and online learning style); and engagement readiness have been identified to influence e-learning readiness

Dynamic Investment Behavior: A Comparison of Models

Statistic

Clinical outcome of combined scaphocapitate fusion and posterior interosseous neurectomy for stage III Kienbock’s disease

Background: Treatment of Kienbock’s disease is still controversial. Several authors have described various surgical treatment options for Kienbock’s disease, all of whom reported successful treatment outcomes. The purpose of this study is to explore the clinical results of posterior interosseous neurectomy and scaphocapitate fusion as a treatment option for stage III Kienbock’s disease.Methods: This study evaluated the range of motion, grip and functional results after treatment of ten wrists of stage III Kienbock’s disease. Four males and six females with average age of 26.3 years, seven dominant and three non-dominant wrists were included. Two patients were smokers while six were housewives, three manual workers and a lawyer. The average follow up period was 14.2 months.Results: Four patients revealed excellent, three good and three fair results. The mean modified Mayo score was 81.5. Flexion-extension range was 105.5° representing 74.9% of the contralateral side range. The mean flexion and extension range of operated side was increased, while the flexion increase was nonsignificant. Regarding radial-ulnar deviation, the mean range was 33.5° representing 76.5% of the contralateral side. The mean ulnar and radial deviation was increased, while the radial increase was nonsignificant. The mean grip strength was significantly increased to 90 mmHg representing 93.2% of the contralateral side.Conclusions: Scaphocpitate fusion is a recommended solution for treatment of late stages of Kienbock’s disease with lunate collapse. Longer postoperative time has a positive impact on grip strength and flexion-extension range of motion

The potential role of Red Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) scales: allergic reaction test in mice

Red tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is one of aquaculture’s most adaptive species. It is abundantly found in the wild and known to be cultured in several parts of the world. It is mainly a freshwater fish, inhabiting shallow streams, ponds, rivers and lakes but less commonly found living in brackish water. The concept of ‘waste to wealth’ has been applied widely as an alternative to waste reduction and environmental conservation. Based on these perspectives, the present study was conducted to assess possible medicinal and pharmaceutical values of the tilapia. The mice model of delayed-contact hypersensitivity test, the mice ear swelling test (MEST), was chosen for this study due to its ability to predict contact sensitization with less cost and time consumed. Four female BALB/c mice were tested in each group which included controls. Three different doses of scales powder at 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg in an acetone and olive oil (AOO) solution were formulated and applied to shaved dorsal trunk of the mice at induction phase, and to both sides of each ear of the mice at elicitation phase. From the observations made throughout the study period, neither erythema nor oedema was formed on the skin of mice treated with scales powder in AOO solution. Mice ear thickness increase showed percentage ear swelling of no more than 20%. Thus, the finding of this study showed that the scales of red tilapia fish did not induce allergic sensitization and could have an application in medicinal and pharmaceutical industries

The opportunities and difficulties for M-learning to enhancing students learning results

Under the social change that rely on technologies that create new Difficulties and challenges for universities, this paper considers the possibility of mobile learning and a subset of e-learning to influence a quantum leap in higher education, Environments universities face accelerated growth in demand for higher education, a significant reduction in government supporting and funding for education, Change in the awareness and understand of the type of knowledge, global competitiveness, changing student demographics and outlooks. At the same time unbinding mobile phones is connect a lots numbers of powerful learners to communications networks.by a review of some literature pilot on the current situation of m-learning that explores alternatives to help universities carry out its core functions of storage, processing and Launcher knowledge that can be applied to real life matters, through the study of the weakness and strengths of increased connectivity to networks of mobile communications to support Structural, self-guided interactive educational quality for learners toward using mobile devices increasingly.This article as well discusses if mobile learning can be alignment between technology development with the changing expectations of students and the implications of a variety in teaching and institutional strategies. Moreover Technologies, Consisting of mobile computing, handheld, and mobile phones, wireless and laptop, PDAs

REACTIVE POWER MONITOR ALGORITHM TO ENHANCE THE NETWORK CAPACITY

Wireless ad hoc network is an infrastructure less wireless network with self organization and self configuration properties. Due to its characteristics, MANETs are well suited for sensitive real time applications like military, law enforcement and disaster recovery. Heterogeneous mobile nodes present in network are communicates one another by wireless communication channel, directly if they are present within a radio communication channel of rely on intermediate nodes for communication. Existing work discussed about reactive link interference monitoring method for multi hop mobile ad hoc networks. The prime objective of this method is to achieve effective communication in MANETs. Algorithm provides effective results, as the data transmitted via wireless link based on its monitored status. The data packets only forwarded through those links, which are capable of handling them and congestion in the link is very less. This algorithm enhances the network capacity by the help of link optimization method. However this objective is not enough to effectively enhance the network capacity. Thus in this paper we propose a per node power monitor method to decrease the power interference. This method is based on multiple access power to every communicating node. Performance results shows that our work is enhance the network performance by Power optimization

Mussel culture experiments in Ennore estuary, Chennai

The present paper gives a detailed account on experiments of mussel culture carried out by the Institute in 1996 in association with fishermen of Ennore in an estuarine environment by adopting the long-line and rack culture methods