Identification and Statistical Analysis of Landuse and Land Cover Patterns in Southern Haripur Tehsil, KPK with Techniques of Remote Sensing and GIS

This research was carried out to digitize and interpret the land use and land cover patterns of the southern Haripur tehsil with remote sensing and Geographical Information System techniques. Interpretation was done with the topographical map of Haripur district and online images of Landsat 7, 2012, Google earth 2016 and zoom level image of Landsat 8, 2015 (Urban unit, 2015). Global Positioning System (GPS) coordinates were collected via field work for ground verification of the features. For statistical analysis, Arc GIS 9.3 and Excel sheet 2010 was used. From the analysis it was found that the maximum agricultural area was 265.47 sq.km. The other two classes i.e. railway station and river bars covered minimum area of 0.01 sq.km. In this paper it was found the maximum area was covered by the agricultural land that was 265.47sq.km. The two other classes i.e. railway stations and river bars which covered a minimum area (0.01 sq.km). An area of 46.02 sq.km was without cover

Modelling & Simulation of PV Module Connected with Three-Port DC Converter

Of the world’s electricity is being generated through conventional sources of energy like coal and atomic energy. People have realized the dire effect of using these fuels, and the amount of CO2 being released into the environment. There has been a shift in emphasis towards cleaner ways of generating electricity in recent years. Solar energy is abundantly available and the cleanest renewable energy source available in the world and is ready to use for a variety of applications, such as the generation of electricity for residential, commercial, or industrial consumption and have become very competitive solutions. It can be seen that there is trend of solar photovoltaics (PV), which has seen rapid growth over the years. The increasing trend of adopting PV system allows consumers to be known as producers or “Prosumers”. This report evaluates how solar PV can be used in combination with a battery bank along with three port converter to fulfill the requirement. Power production from PV cannot be consistent due to factors like the weather although The main benefits of solar power are that it can be easily installed cost of generation is low as there is no requirement for fuel and require very little maintenance Distributed maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and autonomous are achieved with the proposed configuration. The input-port of each TPC is connected to an independent PV energy source to achieve individual MPPT, and the output-ports of these TPCs are connected with load. Fully modular design is achieved by using Simulink/matlab

Water-lubricated Ni-based Composite (Ni-Al2O3, Ni-SiC and Ni-ZrO2) Thin Film Coatings for Industrial Applications

In this work, pure nickel and Ni-based nanocomposite coatings (Ni-Al2O3, Ni-SiC and Ni-ZrO2) were produced on steel substrate by pulse electrodeposition technique. The industrial performance tests were conducted to evaluate the wear-resistance, corrosion-resistance, adhesion strength and wettability behavior of newly developed coatings. Rolling contact ball-on-disc tribometer was used to assess anti-wear behaviour of these coatings under water-lubricated contacts. The results showed that the wear and corrosion resistance properties of nickel alumina and Ni-SiC composite coatings significantly improved than that of pure Ni and Ni-ZrO2 coatings. The adhesion and wettability results of Ni-Al2O3 composite showed better performance when compared to the rest of the coatings. The effects of incorporating nanoparticles on the surface microstructure, interface adhesion and distribution of the particles were also investigated. The coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and 3D white light interferometry. The wear failure behaviour of these coatings was further examined by post-test surface observation under optical microscope

Znak sumjerljivosti vjerojatnosti praznina u sudarima 28si-jezgra

Probability of detecting no particles in a limited phase space is investigated by analysing the experimental data on 14.5A GeV/c 28Si-nucleus collisions. The findings are compared with the predictions of HIJING Monte-Carlo model. A scaling behaviour of the void probability is observed which confirms the linked-pair approximation for N-particle cumulant correlation functions. The analysis of the mixed events also indicates that the scaling behaviour observed in the present study is a feature of the experimental data.Analizirajući eksperimentalne podatke za sudare 28Si-jezgre na 14.5A GeV/c, istražujemo vjerojatnosti nenalaženja čestica u dijelovima faznog prostora. Ishode uspoređujemo s predviđanjima Monte-Carlo modela HIJING. Nalazimo svojstvo sumjerljivosti vjerojatnosti praznina koje potvrđuje približenje vezanih parova za N-čestične kumulativne korelacijske funkcije. Analiza miješanih dogođaja također ukazuje da je sumjerljivost svojstvo ovih eksperimentalnih podataka

Znak sumjerljivosti vjerojatnosti praznina u sudarima 28si-jezgra

Probability of detecting no particles in a limited phase space is investigated by analysing the experimental data on 14.5A GeV/c 28Si-nucleus collisions. The findings are compared with the predictions of HIJING Monte-Carlo model. A scaling behaviour of the void probability is observed which confirms the linked-pair approximation for N-particle cumulant correlation functions. The analysis of the mixed events also indicates that the scaling behaviour observed in the present study is a feature of the experimental data.Analizirajući eksperimentalne podatke za sudare 28Si-jezgre na 14.5A GeV/c, istražujemo vjerojatnosti nenalaženja čestica u dijelovima faznog prostora. Ishode uspoređujemo s predviđanjima Monte-Carlo modela HIJING. Nalazimo svojstvo sumjerljivosti vjerojatnosti praznina koje potvrđuje približenje vezanih parova za N-čestične kumulativne korelacijske funkcije. Analiza miješanih dogođaja također ukazuje da je sumjerljivost svojstvo ovih eksperimentalnih podataka

A new model of master of philosophy in physiological sciences

The objectives of Master of Philosophy (MPhil) in Physiological Sciences are: 1) to describe the new ways in which anatomy, biochemistry and physiology on one hand, and microbiology, pathology and pharmacology on other hand meet their functional requirements through multidisciplinary integrated concepts; 2) to elucidate relationships between cell biology, molecular biology and molecular genetics by connecting dots of how cell functions are driven by molecules and being controlled by genes. This forms the basis of cell, molecular and genetics [CMG] module upon which 7 multidisciplinary modules of Physiological Sciences follow; 3) these 24 credit hours provide the physiological basis for PhD studies as well as faculty development to enhance learning abilities of medical student; 4) the modules constitute Cardio- Respiratory Physiological Sciences, GI and Renal Physiological Sciences, Neurosciences, Endo-Reproductive Physiological Sciences.; 5) it has integrated microbiology, pathology and pharmacology in a unique way through CMG of microbes leading to associated pathology and mechanisms of prescribed drugs; 6) it has additional synopsis and thesis friendly course work leading to comprehensive examinations; 7) the year two deals with research work of 6 credit hours leading to defense of thesis; 8) The MPhil in Physiological Sciences is fundamentally different from what is being offered elsewhere. It prepares and offers a good spring board to dovetail PhD studies as well as faculty and institutional development. This is the first study that deals with innovative programmes in research, learning and education in the field of physiological sciences. This broad-based MPhil would make its recipients competent, critical, confident and productive learner. This is a completely unique design of a curriculum that has no comparable examples elsewhere. Our mission is to educate graduate students in the field of Physiological Sciences such that they have a complete grasp over the broad-based integrated concepts of basic health sciences. Upon completion of their education, the students will be able to use the duality of imagination and skepticism. Hence, the students will contribute to their fields by unfolding their creative energy

Intubation in emergency department of a tertiary care hospital in a low-income

Objective: To study the indications, method, success rate and complications of intubation at the Emergency Department of a private, tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan.Methods: The case series involved 278 patients above 14 years of age who underwent emergency intubation at the Emergency Department of Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi between 1998 and 2003. Descriptive statistics were used to compare rapid sequence intubation with crash intubation. The level of significance was p\u3c0.05.Results: Of the total 278 intubations performed, 37 (13.3%) had to be left out for incomplete information. The study population remaining for inferential analysis comprised of 241 patients. Of the total 278 patients, 174 (63%) were males. Rapid sequence intubation was the commonest type (n=185, 67%) of intubation and was performed mostly by anaesthetists (n=236, 85%). Cardiogenic pulmonary oedema and head injury were commonly seen in these patients. The success on first attempt of intubation was 98% (n=181) in rapid sequence intubation, and 85% (n=48) in crash intubation. Overall, 15 (5.3%) complications were seen in these intubations.Conclusion: Study showed a satisfactory success rate in both rapid sequence and crash intubations

Exploring Carotenoid from Rhodococcus Kroppenstedtii as a Photosensitizer in a Dye Sensitised Solar Cell

A Dye-Sensitised Solar Cell (DSSC) is a low-cost thin film solar cell that works in diffused light and comes in a variety of colors. Most of the investigations on organic dye-based DSSC have used pigments from flowers and fruits as photosensitizers. With the majority of the world's economy reliant on agriculture to meet the food and feed demand, using agricultural resources for color extraction is not a realistic solution. Alternative dye resources, such as microorganisms, must thus be investigated in DSSCs to ensure a long-term future. The present study was a preliminary investigation to explore the potential of carotenoids derived from an actinobacteria Rhodococcus kroppenstedtii as a photosensitizer in a DSSC. The carotenoid extract from R. kroppenstedtii was subjected to stability analysis, to ascertain its potential as a photosensitizer. The extract was found to be stable at varying temperatures (0-80 °C), pH (3-11), and light conditions (dark, white light, sunlight), indicating its potential applicability as a photosensitizer. Further, increasing concentrations (12.5 mg/mL-100 mg/mL) of the extract was used for sensitization of TiO 2 in a DSSC assembly. The extract showed a linear rise in power output (078±0.0001 - 20.75±0.0003 mW), which proposes its scope as a stable and cheap photosensitizer in a DSSC