On Some Properties and Estimation of Size-Biased Polya-Eggenberger Distribution

A size-biased version of Polya-Eggenberger distribution is introduced explicitly and by a mixture model. The proposed distribution is unimodal with positive integer moments. The recurrence relation between moments (about the origin) of the proposed distribution is established and its relationship with other distributions is discussed. Different estimation techniques are proposed to estimate the parameters of the distribution

An Interpretative Phenomenological Inquiry into Experience, Expression, and Effect of Gratitude among Males and Females

Gratitude is a universal phenomenon that is experienced and expressed differently by individuals. The differences in experience and expression of gratitude are based on a number of factors, important among them is gender. There are very few studies that have explored gender differences using quantitative methods in gratitude interventions. However, this phenomenon can best be understood by employing qualitative methods like Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA), as it is concerned with trying to understand any phenomenon, from the participant’s point of view. There is a paucity of research in this area. Therefore, we tried to explore experience, expression, and effects of gratitude among males and females using IPA. For this purpose, a semi-structured interview was administered on 20 students (10 males and 10 females) and it was subjected to IPA. Three themes that emerged from the analysis were Experience of gratitude, Expression of gratitude and Effects of experiencing and expressing gratitude. These themes were further classified under several subthemes. Though there were similarities between males and females for many subthemes but there were some differences also. Feeling grateful towards strangers and sharing grateful experiences with others were subthemes that emerged only in female participants. Using grateful experiences as a coping strategy was a subtheme that emerged dominantly among male participants. The findings of the present study are explained with the help of available literature

Gait Analysis of Eight Legged Robot

For any legged mobile machine, gait is the methodical, logical and scientific lifting and placement of foot to follow desired path on the desired terrain. To run a walking machine on any terrain, selection and analysis of gait is must. To meet the locomotion characteristics of an eight-legged robot in this paper we describe gait analysis of eight legged spider like robot. The longitudinal gait stability margin of the robot changes with change in duty factor. We analyze the wave gait and equal phase gait for this legged robot and found that there is a jump in stability margin of full cycle equal phase gait to that of wave gait at duty factor 3/4, and stability margin of half cycle equal phase gait jumps to wave gait at duty factor 7/8. We try to verify our result through graphical and simulation analysis

Initial Taylor-Maclaurin coefficient bounds and the Fekete-Szegö problem for subclasses of m-fold symmetric analytic bi-univalent functions

In the present paper, we introduce two new subclasses of the m-fold symmetric, analytic and bi-univalent function class Σm defined in the open unit disk D₁ :={z : z ∈ C and |z| < 1}. These two subclasses are denoted by SΣm(α) and S*Σm(β). For the functions f belong to both of these subclasses, we obtain estimates on the first two Taylor-Maclaurin coefficients |am+1| and |a2m+1|. Also, we obtain estimate on the Fekete-Szegö functional |a2m+1 − ka2 m+1|, k ∈ R. It is interesting to see that the geometrical similarities in these two subclasses also reflects in their coefficient estimates. Further, we pointed out interconnection of these results with some of the earlier known results.Publisher's Versio

Para-tricipital approach for extra articular fractures of the distal humerus: a case series

Extra-articular fractures of the distal humerus are frequently managed surgically as these fractures are often unstable and have associated radial nerve injury. Different surgical approaches can be used to fix this fracture. We operated on a series of 9 patients with extra-articular fractures of the distal humerus utilizing the para-tricipital approach. Clinical outcomes were assessed by Mayo elbow performance score and visual analog scores. Radiological outcomes were assessed by plain radiographs. Time to union was an average of 4.2 months. Mean range of motion achieved at final follow-up was 122.50. Mean Mayo elbow performance score was 92.4. Excellent clinical results can be achieved by utilizing para-tricipital approach in extra-articular fractures of the distal humerus. Besides providing adequate exposure for rigid fracture fixation, this approach prevents the morbidity associated with triceps injury

LISF: A Security Framework for Internet of Things (IoT) Integrated Distributed Applications

Distributed applications where Internet of Things (IoT) technology integrated are vulnerable to different kinds of attacks. Machine learning algorithms are widely used to detect intrusions in such applications. However, there is need for an effective unsupervised learning approach which can detect known and also unknown attacks. Towards this end, in this paper, we proposed a framework to protect security of IoT integrated architectures that are distributed in nature. Our framework is named Learning based IoT Security Framework (LISF). The framework is designed to have machine learning based security to IoT integrated use cases. Since IoT networks cause network traffic that is to be monitored and protected from external attacks, the proposed system uses deep learning technique for automatic detection of cyber-attacks. Particularly, the system exploits deep autoencoder which comprises of encoder and decoder for automatic detection of different kinds of intrusions. It is based on unsupervised learning which is crucial for distributed environments where network flows cannot have sophisticated training samples. We proposed an algorithm named Deep Autoencoder based Cyber Attack Detection (DAE-CAD). Experiments are made using IoT use case dataset known as UNSW-NB15. Our empirical results revealed that DAE-CAD outperforms existing methods with highest accuracy 91.36%

Nonthermal acceleration radiation of atoms near a black hole in presence of dark energy

We investigate how dark energy affects atom-field interaction. To this end, we consider acceleration radiation of a freely falling atom close to a Schwarzschild black hole (BH) in the presence of dark energy characterized by a positive cosmological constant $\Lambda$. The resulting spacetime is endowed with a BH and a cosmological (or de Sitter) horizon. Our consideration is a \textit{nonextremal} $(1+1)$-dimensional geometry with horizons far apart, giving rise to a flat Minkowski-like region in between the two horizons. Assuming a scalar ($\text{spin}-0$) field in a Boulware-like vacuum state, and by using a basic quantum optics approach, we numerically achieve excitation probabilities for the atom to detect a photon as it falls toward the BH horizon. It turns out that the nature of the emitted radiation deeply drives its origin from the magnitude of $\Lambda$. In particular, radiation emission is enhanced due to dilation of the BH horizon by dark energy. Also, we report an oscillatory nonthermal spectrum in the presence of $\Lambda$, and these oscillations, in a varying degree, also depend on BH mass and atomic excitation frequency. We conjecture that such a hoedown may be a natural consequence of a constrained motion due to the bifurcate Killing horizon of the given spacetime. The situation is akin to the Parikh-Wilzcek tunneling approach to Hawking radiation where the presence of extra contributions to the Boltzmann factor deforms the thermality of flux. It apparently hints at field satisfying a modified energy-momentum dispersion relation within classical regime of general relativity arising as an effective low energy consequence of an underlying quantum gravity theory. Our findings may signal new ways of conceiving the subtleties surrounding the physics of dark energy.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figure

Evaluation of incidence and severity of postoperative hypoxemia in neurosurgical patients during transportation from operation theater to surgical intensive care unit in a tertiary care unit, Kashmir, India

Background:Postoperative hypoxemia during transportation from operation theater to intensive care unit is common among neurosurgical patients. Methadology: Arterial oxygen saturation (Spo2) and arterial blood gas analysis was performed postoperatively before and after shifting a group of sixty patients with ASA I and ASA II status undergoing various elective neurosurgical procedures under general anesthesia at Sheri-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences Srinagar , Kashmir. Statistical analysis: The data was analyzed using SPSS version 13. The chi-square test was used for categorical variables and student’s t test was used for continuous variables with normal distribution. The data was collected, compiled and statistically analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The values were expressed as mean±SD and a p value <0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Results: SpO2 before and after transporting the patients to SICU in group I was 98.90±0.45 and 86.70±3.85 respectively, whereas in group II, the SpO2 values were 98.80±0.52 and 93.95±3.99 respectively. In group III the mean SpO2 before and after transportation was 97.60±1.96 and 83.95±8.64 respectively. The difference in SpO2 in all the three groups before and after transportation was statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: We recommend supplemental oxygen administration in all neurosurgical patients during transportation from operation theater to intensive care unit

Feudalism in Central Asian Khanates (18th – Early 20th centuries).

Comprising the territories between the Amu and Syr Rivers (Mawaranahr in Arabic), Xinjiang or Chinese Central Asia,Khwarizm, Afghanistan, North West Frontiers of India including Sind, Multan and Kashmir, Mongolia and Tibet. Located on the cross roads of Grand Silk Route, the region had several fascinations: the home to diverse ethnic groups, and rich arts, cultures, faiths, learning and philosophy. Nonetheless, the region was largely landlocked and characteristic of barbarism and backwardness due to the presence of a swath of ethno-tribal and nomadic and semi-nomadic groups and communities. With the discovery of Sea Routes, Central Asia lost strategic importance, and the world focus shifted to outward, seaward, and westwards thereby subjecting the region to partial hibernation. Although the entire dynamics of the regions past was meticulously highlighted by the Western and Russian scholars, the issues concerning land tenures and tribal organization were not analytically examined by them for certain limitations. True the foreign travelers plugged the gap. But since they belonged to a different educational background, they could not, as such, present a scientific view of the land tenures in terms of feudal mode of production.Digital copy of ThesisUniversity of Kashmir