Interpreting psychological warfare: understanding religious extremism from a discourse analysis approach / Ahmad Sauffiyan Abu Hasan

This thesis investigates the meaning of “psychology” in psychological warfare by explaining the factors that permit the existence of religious extremist behavior. Such attention are been given because the problem is relatively understudied in Malaysia and that has resulted in the inability to develop an ideal psychological warfare model to deal with the problem. Since 2001, Malaysia has been labeled as a breeding ground for religious extremist leaders. The recurring number of religious extremist cases magnifies our limited understanding on the psychological context of the problem and if left unattained, can prolong the situation. To propose a theoretical solution to the problem, three research objectives were formulated and they are: (1) how existential psychology can be used to explain religious extremism, (2) how behavioral psychology can be used to explain religious extremism and (3) how psychoanalytical psychology can be used to explain religious extremism. Conclusively, discourse analysis on 37 psychological constructs extracted from three psychological paradigms of Frankl, Pavlov & Skinner, and Freud have enabled this study to theorize a multi-factor stand to look at the problem, hence confirming the root cause of it

Recovery of Oil From Oil Shale -- An Overall Technological Perspective

The hydrocarbon content of oil shale can be converted into liquid oil which is a possible energy resource for the future. Different aspects of shale oil recovery is briefly discussed. The technology of modified in situ oil shale retorting, which is receiving increasing attention for commercialization, is discussed in a little more detail

The role of resource efficiency in engineering education

Part of: Seliger, Günther (Ed.): Innovative solutions : proceedings / 11th Global Conference on Sustainable Manufacturing, Berlin, Germany, 23rd - 25th September, 2013. - Berlin: Universitätsverlag der TU Berlin, 2013. - ISBN 978-3-7983-2609-5 (online). - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:83-opus4-40276. - pp. 90–95.The purpose of this paper is to address various issues of resource efficiency in the perspective of engineering education in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, with particular focus on Occupied Palestinian Territory (Palestine). First, the paper reviews the concept of resource efficiency from several perspectives including energy, electricity and water related challenges, material management and solid waste management. Then the current state of the education and training is discussed along with some details regarding the developed resource accounting perspective for engineering education. Open knowledge platform is foreseen to aid the transition from problem to solution, bringing engineering education up front to tackle the resource efficiency challenges in the MENA region. Finally, capacity building through university graduates is considered as an important mechanism for raising awareness in resource efficiency

Organisational commitment in Malaysian public sector

This paper describes a research project that aims to determine the level of civil servants’ organisational commitment and the factors associated with it. The instruments used to measure organisational commitment, empowerment, job characteristics, and organisational communication were adapted from Allen and Meyer (1990), Spreitzer (1995), Hackman and Oldham (1975), and Downs and Hazen (1977). The findings demonstrated that civil servants appeared to have a higher level of affective commitment with mean value of 3.88 compared to continuance 3.58 and normative commitment 2.92. The study also found that civil servants were psychologically empowered in the department with mean value of 3.71, had experienced a variable opportunity in job with mean 3.51 and were reported to be satisfied with the existing communication in the department with mean value of 3.68. Research findings also showed that there is a correlation between organisational commitment (affective, continuance, and normative commitment) with empowerment, job characteristics, and organisational communication variables. The stepwise regression exhibited that empowerment variable is the most dominant predictor of civil servants’ organisational commitment. Meanwhile, organisational communication variable appeared to be the most significant factor to influence civil servants’ affective commitment. Civil servants with continuance commitment were found to be best predicted by empowerment variable. Finally, civil servants with normative commitment tend to be mostly influenced by job characteristics variable

Digitization of Business for Small And Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs)

Digitalization is critical for the long-term viability of small businesses in the new economy. As global digitalization accelerates, Malaysian SMEs must embrace the digital economy to contribute to economic growth. A critical issue confronting SMEs in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic is adopting a digital business model. This study examines the importance of embedding digital technology into business models among SMEs, which has been shown to increase long-term productivity and sustainability. Technology adoption will help close the productivity gap between SMEs and large corporations by increasing capacity and capability for greater competitiveness and innovation. Keywords: Small-Medium Enterprise (SME); digitalization; resource-based view; performance eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v7i19.327

A content analysis of propaganda in Harakah newspaper / Shamsiah Abd Kadir and Ahmad Sauffiyan Abu Hasan

This study aims to analyse propaganda technique used in alternative Malaysian print media, by using the ‘Harakah’ as a case study. The two objectives of this study are to identify a) the types of propaganda that are in use by Harakah to influence its readers and b) the techniques of propaganda employed by Harakah to influence its readers. Qualitative media content analysis is conducted in this study; a specialised sub-set of content analysis as well as being a wellestablished research methodology. Data collected is analysed to determine the frequent types and techniques of propaganda used in Harakah. Data collected are derived from the National Section of Harakah within the limits of a threemonth period from February 2013 until April 2013

Legal and Constitutional Protection Of the Basic Rights and Freedoms- in the Basic Palestinian Law

يعتبر الدستور في معظم دول العالم الضمانة الأساسية للحقوق والحريات، ويتولى الدستور أيضا الموازنة بين حقوق وحريات الناس، والمصلحة العامة للدولة. تتمثل مشكلة البحث في عدم وجود رقابة فعالة وحقيقية من قبل المجلس التشريعي الفلسطيني من أجل ضمان حقوق الإنسان والحريات في فلسطين.     تنقسم هذه الدراسة إلى فصلين: يتناول الفصل الأول تطور حقوق الإنسان دوليا وإقليميا، تعريفها وموقعها في القانون الأساسي في فلسطين. ويتناول الفصل الثاني الضمانات الأساسية للفلسطينيين لحقوق وحريات الفلسطينيين المذكورة في القانون الفلسطيني الأساسي.      خلصت الدراسة إلى بعض التوصيات: إن دولة فلسطين تبذل قصارى جهدها لتعزيز وحماية حقوق الإنسان، وعلى دولة فلسطين تعديل التشريعات المحلية الخاصة بها من أجل مواكبة الاتفاقيات الإقليمية والدولية التي تحمي حقوق الإنسان، وعلى رأسها حق الشعب الفلسطيني في تقرير المصير. ومن الضرورة بمكان حماية وتعزيز حقوق الإنسان في فلسطين من خلال تفعيل الدور الرئيسي للمحكمة الدستورية والتي أنشئت حديثا، وهذا يدعو إلى المراقبة الدستورية على شرعية القوانين التي تشكل ضمانة للحقوق والحريات للشعب الفلسطيني.   Abstract Constitution in most of the world countries is considered the main guarantee for the rights and freedoms. Constitution also balances between the rights and freedoms of people, and public interest of the state . The research problem of this study appears in the absence of an effective and real control by the Palestinian Legislative Council in order to guarantee human rights and freedoms in Palestine. This study is divided into two chapters. The first deals with the evolution of human rights internationally and regionally, defining it and its location in the Basic Law in Palestine. The second chapter deals with the basic guarantees for the Palestinians mentioned in the Basic Palestinian Law. The study concluded to some recommendations: The Palestine State should do its best to promote and protect human rights. The Palestine State has to change its local legislations in order to keep up with the regional and international conventions that protect human rights, primarily the right to self-determination of the Palestinian people. It is also essential to protect and promote human rights in Palestine through activating the main role of the Constitutional Court which has been founded recently, and this calls for constitutional control on the legitimacy of laws, which constitute a guarantee of the rights and freedoms for the Palestine people

EFEKTIVITAS PENDIDIKAN LIFE SKILL DALAM MEMBENTUK KETERAMPILAN BERDAKWAH SISWA DI MADRASAH ALIYAH MUHAMMADIYAH 01 MEDAN

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis: 1) konsep program pendidikanlife skill dalam membentukkemampuan berdakwah siswa di Madrasah Aliyah Muhammadiyah 01 Medan, 2) pelaksanaan pendidikanlife skill dalam membentuk keterampilan berdakwah siswa di Madrasah Aliyah Muhammadiyah 01 Medan,3) faktor pendukung dan penghambat dalam pelaksanan pendidikanlife skill dalam membentuk keterampilanberdakwah siswa di Madrasah Aliyah Muhammadiyah 01 Medan, 4) efektivitas program pendidikanlifeskill dalam membentuk kemampuan berdakwah siswa di Madrasah Aliyah Muhammadiyah 01 Medan.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi.Informan dalam penelitian ini adalah kepala madrasah, guru dan siswa Madrasah Aliyah Muhammadiyahl Medan. Analisis data dilakukan melalui reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Konsep program khutbah yang dilaksanakan di Madrasah AliyahMuhammadiyah 1 Medan adalah berdasarkan kesepakatan bersama antara guru dan kepala sekolahserta himbauan dari dewan tanfiz dan hasil keputusan muktamar Muhammadiyah. Program khutbahmenjadi kegiatan ekstrakurikuler yang di muat dalam mata pelajaran wajib yang bobotnya setara denganmata pelajaran lainnya. Setelah siswa dianggap cakap dan mampu untuk berkhutbah maka akan dikirimke mesjid-mesjid Muhammadiyah yang berada di kota Medan. 2) Pelaksanaan program khutbah di MadrasahAliyah Muhammadiyah Medan dilakukan melalui tahapan pemberian teori melalui pertemuan rutin didalam kelas setiap minggunya. Materi yang di berikan meliputi rukun khutbah, menyusun materi danretorika. Pada tahap kedua pelaksanaan. khutbah dilakukan melalui praktek secara langsung setiap harinyasetelah selesai shalat zuhur dan asar. Sedangkan tahap terakhir dari pelaksanaan program dakwah dilakukandengan menyeleksi siswa yang dianggap telah mampu untuk di kirim ke mesjid Muhammadiyah yangada di kota Medan. 3) Faktor pendukung program khutbah di Madrasah Aliyah Muhammadiyah adalahsemangat siswa mengikuti kegiatan khutbah ketersediaan sarana prasarana, dan guru yang ahli, sertadukungan dari masyarakat.Kata Kunci: Efektivitas, Life Skill, Dakwa

The democratization of higher learning in Malaysia: Its euphemism

This concept paper discusses the euphemism of our learning-for-all policy that has been the hallmark of our education aspirations. Has it really been there for those who aspire to answer the calling? Has it really rubbed down on us, every single citizen of Malaysia, that the system and values that wehaven our education mainstream accommodate our needs and wants of being an integral part of educated Malaysia? Does it really matter to be academically educated when it only calls for a sound healthy mind, physique and not forgetting network to earn and support a living in this beautiful and beloved country of ours? These are very thoughtful indeed what with our status as a developing country where survival based on Ringgit Malaysia and sen is still the order of the day for our countrymen