7 research outputs found
HIV-exposed uninfected children. A systematic review on psychological well-being and association with school performances in Africa
There is a growing number of children affected by HIV in Africa. Research on HIV-exposed uninfected children (HEU) is also growing. This systematic review focuses on the psychological well-being of HEU and its association with school intervention, outcomes, and enrollment in the African context, which is where the rate of HIV reaches its highest levels. Research on public databases was conducted according to PRISMA standards. Only studies on HEU primary school children in Africa, both quantitative and qualitative, were included. Out of 1510 papers retrieved, 50 met the inclusion criteria. These studies demonstrate that HEU children are more likely to perform worse in school compared to their counterparts who were not exposed to HIV and to show poorer concentration in the classroom. Children with parents suffering from AIDS are worried for them and have to take household responsibility, resulting in school dropouts, juvenile work, and risky behaviors. Few interventions have been conducted in the school environment with some of them being successful; therefore, future research should involve schools to create an inclusive environment where HEU children could enhance their potential and improve their psychological health
Valorisation des sous produits de conservie: cas des graines de tomates
Les graines de tomates sont les constituants majeurs des dĂ©chets de lâindustrie de transformation des fruits de tomate, elles reprĂ©sentent 0,5%du poids du fruit et contiennent entre 18 et 30% de lipides sous forme dâhuile. Lâobjet de ce travail est lâextraction et la caractĂ©risation de lâhuile de graine de tomate. Les graines de tomate proviennent dâun tas de dĂ©chet en stockage au niveau de la conserverie Ammour â MouzaĂźa â AlgĂ©rie. AprĂšs sĂ©paration, triage et sĂ©chage Ă lâair libre, les graines sont placĂ©es dans un dispositif Soxhelet contenant le n-hexane comme solvant dâextraction. Le rendement Ă lâextraction a Ă©tĂ© calculĂ©, il est de 209,86 grammes dâhuile pour 934,06grammes de graines de tomate, soit 22,47% ; aprĂšs filtration le rendement est de 21,6%, soit 82%des lipides prĂ©sent dans les graines de tomate. Les constantes physicochimiques caractĂ©ristiques de la qualitĂ© des huiles ont Ă©tĂ© mesurĂ©es avant et aprĂšs raffinage de lâhuile extraite ; il en ressort que le raffinage diminue lâaciditĂ© de 0,9 Ă 0,06%, la teneur en chlorophylle de 15,46 Ă 0,0092 ppm et entraine la disparition du phosphore. Les autres constantes mesurĂ©es nâont pas subi de variation notable. Les rĂ©sultats de lâanalyse chromatographique de la fraction lipidique de lâhuile de graines de tomate raffinĂ©e a rĂ©vĂ©lĂ© un profil chromatographique composĂ© de 07 acides gras Ă 16 et 18 atomes de carbones. Les acides linolĂ©iques et olĂ©iques sont prĂ©dominants avec 52 et 22% respectivement. Les acides gras saturĂ©s sont reprĂ©sentĂ©s essentiellement par 13,18% dâacide palmitique et par de la rĂ©sistance Ă lâoxydation de lâhuile de graines de tomate extraite est de 4,70 heures Ă la tempĂ©rature de 120°C, correspondant Ă une durabilitĂ© de 223 jours Ă 20°C