Externalidades de la vivienda social : el caso de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires

¿Hay una relación entre los conjuntos de vivienda social y los usos y precios del suelo? El objetivo del trabajo es responder esta pregunta para el caso de de Buenos Aires. Para ello el trabajo genera en primer lugar una base de datos geolocalizada de más de 153 conjuntos de vivienda social realizados a lo largo de más de 100 años en la capital de Argentina. ́ A partir de esta base, se utilizan sistemas geográficos de información para analizar los usos del suelo que circundan a los complejos de vivienda social así como también las características demográficas de los radios censales en los que se insertan. En segundo lugar, se realiza un modelo de precios hedónicos y se corren regresiones para analizar la relación entre los precios del suelo y la cercanía a los conjuntos de vivienda social. De esta manera, el trabajo busca medir en qué magnitud la presencia y las características, antigüedad o tamaño de los complejos de vivienda social se relaciona con los usos y los precios del suelo circundante a los mismos. Se verifica un aumento en el precio del suelo al aumentar la distancia a la vivienda social así como también variaciones en el uso del suelo relacionados a la densidad y superficie de la misma

Bees increase crop yield in an alleged pollinator-independent almond variety

Wild pollinators are declining and the number of managed honey bee colonies is growing slower than agricultural demands for pollination. Because of these contrasting trends in pollinator demand and availability, breeding programs for many pollinator-dependent crops have focused on reducing the need for pollinators. Although numerous crop varieties are now available in the market with the label of pollinator-independent, the real dependence of these varieties on pollinators is mostly unknown. We evaluated the hypothesis of pollinator independence in the Independence almond variety, the fastest growing variety in California that is the main almond production region in the world. In this presumed pollinator-independent variety, we measured the effect of honey bees on fruit set, yield, and kernel nutritional quality at tree level. Fruit set was 60% higher in bee-pollinated than bee-isolated trees, which translated into a 20% increase in kernel yield. Despite its effect on almond production, there was no evidence that bee visitation affected almond nutritional quality. Based on these results, we recommend the use of bees, whether they are wild or managed, to maximize yield even in self-fertile almond varieties.Fil: Sáez, Agustín. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche. Departamento de Ecología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; ArgentinaFil: Aizen, Marcelo Adrian. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche. Departamento de Ecología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; ArgentinaFil: Medici, Sandra Karina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones en Sanidad Producción y Ambiente. - Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones en Sanidad Producción y Ambiente; ArgentinaFil: Viel, Matias. Smart Pollination Services; Estados UnidosFil: Villalobos, Ethel. University of Hawaii. Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences; Estados UnidosFil: Negri, Pedro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones en Sanidad Producción y Ambiente. - Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones en Sanidad Producción y Ambiente; Argentin

Determination of total I and 129

Total iodine and129-iodine in rivers and lakes of Argentina were measured by means of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and accelerator mass spectrometry respectively. The obtained isotopic ratios, higher than the natural level, are explained as the delayed signal from nuclear weapon atmospheric tests. Besides, deposition fluences in catchment areas of the lakes are analyzed. Their latitudinal dependence, similar to the dependence of annual precipitation rates, favours wet deposition as the main 129I fallout mechanism for this region

Effect of Abscisic Acid (ABA) Combined with Two Different Beekeeping Nutritional Strategies to Confront Overwintering: Studies on Honey Bees’ Population Dynamics and Nosemosis

In temperate climates, beekeeping operations suffer colony losses and colony depopulation of Apis mellifera during overwintering, which are associated with biotic and abiotic stressors that impact bees’ health. In this work, we evaluate the impacts of abscisic acid (ABA) dietary supplementation on honey bee colonies kept in Langstroth hives. The effects of ABA were evaluated in combination with two different beekeeping nutritional strategies to confront overwintering: “honey management” and “syrup management”. Specifically, we evaluated strength parameters of honey bee colonies (adult bee and brood population) and the population dynamics of Nosema (prevalence and intensity) associated with both nutritional systems and ABA supplementation during the whole study (late autumn-winter-early spring). The entire experiment was designed and performed with a local group of beekeepers, “Azahares del sudeste”, who showed interest in answering problems associated with the management of honey bee colonies during the winter. The results indicated that the ABA supplementation had positive effects on the population dynamics of the A. mellifera colonies during overwintering and on the nosemosis at colony level (prevalence) in both nutritional strategies evaluated.Fil: Szawarski, Nicolás. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Biología. Laboratorio de Artrópodos; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones en Sanidad Producción y Ambiente. - Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones en Sanidad Producción y Ambiente; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata; ArgentinaFil: Sáez, Agustín. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; ArgentinaFil: Dominguez, Enzo. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Biología. Laboratorio de Artrópodos; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones en Sanidad Producción y Ambiente. - Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones en Sanidad Producción y Ambiente; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata; ArgentinaFil: Dickson, Rachel. Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory; Estados UnidosFil: De Matteis, Ángela. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Eciolaza, Carlos. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Justel, Marcelino. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Aliano, Alfredo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Solar, Pedro. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Bergara, Ignacio. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Pons, Claudia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Bolognesi, Aldo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Carna, Gabriel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Garcia, Walter. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Garcia, Omar. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Eguaras, Martin Javier. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Biología. Laboratorio de Artrópodos; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones en Sanidad Producción y Ambiente. - Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones en Sanidad Producción y Ambiente; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata; ArgentinaFil: Lamattina, Lorenzo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas; ArgentinaFil: Maggi, Matías Daniel. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Biología. Laboratorio de Artrópodos; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones en Sanidad Producción y Ambiente. - Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones en Sanidad Producción y Ambiente; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata; ArgentinaFil: Negri, Pedro. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Biología. Laboratorio de Artrópodos; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones en Sanidad Producción y Ambiente. - Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones en Sanidad Producción y Ambiente; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata; Argentin

Expression of PROKR1 and PROKR2 in Human Enteric Neural Precursor Cells and Identification of Sequence Variants Suggest a Role in HSCR

Background The enteric nervous system (ENS) is entirely derived from neural crest and its normal development is regulated by specific molecular pathways. Failure in complete ENS formation results in aganglionic gut conditions such as Hirschsprung's disease (HSCR). Recently, PROKR1 expression has been demonstrated in mouse enteric neural crest derived cells and Prok-1 was shown to work coordinately with GDNF in the development of the ENS. Principal Findings In the present report, ENS progenitors were isolated and characterized from the ganglionic gut from children diagnosed with and without HSCR, and the expression of prokineticin receptors was examined. Immunocytochemical analysis of neurosphere-forming cells demonstrated that both PROKR1 and PROKR2 were present in human enteric neural crest cells. In addition, we also performed a mutational analysis of PROKR1, PROKR2, PROK1 and PROK2 genes in a cohort of HSCR patients, evaluating them for the first time as susceptibility genes for the disease. Several missense variants were detected, most of them affecting highly conserved amino acid residues of the protein and located in functional domains of both receptors, which suggests a possible deleterious effect in their biological function. Conclusions Our results suggest that not only PROKR1, but also PROKR2 might mediate a complementary signalling to the RET/GFRα1/GDNF pathway supporting proliferation/survival and differentiation of precursor cells during ENS development. These findings, together with the detection of sequence variants in PROKR1, PROK1 and PROKR2 genes associated to HSCR and, in some cases in combination with RET or GDNF mutations, provide the first evidence to consider them as susceptibility genes for HSCR.This work was supported by Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria, Spain (PI070080, PI1001290 and PI071315 for the E-Rare project), Consejería de Innovación Ciencia y Empresa de la Junta de Andalucía (CTS 2590) and Consejería de Salud de la Junta de Andalucía (PI0249-2008). The CIBER de Enfermedades Raras is an initiative of the ISCIII. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Peer reviewe

Applauding with Closed Hands: Neural Signature of Action-Sentence Compatibility Effects

BACKGROUND: Behavioral studies have provided evidence for an action-sentence compatibility effect (ACE) that suggests a coupling of motor mechanisms and action-sentence comprehension. When both processes are concurrent, the action sentence primes the actual movement, and simultaneously, the action affects comprehension. The aim of the present study was to investigate brain markers of bidirectional impact of language comprehension and motor processes. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Participants listened to sentences describing an action that involved an open hand, a closed hand, or no manual action. Each participant was asked to press a button to indicate his/her understanding of the sentence. Each participant was assigned a hand-shape, either closed or open, which had to be used to activate the button. There were two groups (depending on the assigned hand-shape) and three categories (compatible, incompatible and neutral) defined according to the compatibility between the response and the sentence. ACEs were found in both groups. Brain markers of semantic processing exhibited an N400-like component around the Cz electrode position. This component distinguishes between compatible and incompatible, with a greater negative deflection for incompatible. Motor response elicited a motor potential (MP) and a re-afferent potential (RAP), which are both enhanced in the compatible condition. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The present findings provide the first ACE cortical measurements of semantic processing and the motor response. N400-like effects suggest that incompatibility with motor processes interferes in sentence comprehension in a semantic fashion. Modulation of motor potentials (MP and RAP) revealed a multimodal semantic facilitation of the motor response. Both results provide neural evidence of an action-sentence bidirectional relationship. Our results suggest that ACE is not an epiphenomenal post-sentence comprehension process. In contrast, motor-language integration occurring during the verb onset supports a genuine and ongoing brain motor-language interaction

Piel y clima

Esta tesis solo está en formato papel por lo que se debe consultar en la propia Biblioteca Di Tella. La consulta se hace solo bajo reserva escribiendo a [email protected] tesis no tiene permisos por parte del autor para ser reproducida, por lo que no se puede fotocopiar, ni fotografiar ni reproducir con ningún medio. Si eres el autor de la tesis y quieres dar tu autorización para la reproducción, puedes ponerte en contacto con [email protected]

Latitudinal distribution of 129I radioisotope in Argentina

Este trabajo de tesis analiza la presencia del radioisótopo 129I en la Argentina con el objetivo de aportar nueva información para el desarrollo de aplicaciones medioambientales de este nucleido en nuestro continente. Con ese fin se midieron concentraciones de yodo y del radioisótopo 129I en tiroides animales provenientes de distintas regiones del país. Los resultados obtenidos sugieren una fuerte dependencia con la latitud e indican la existencia de una variación estacional de la concentración de 129I. Ambas características se pueden explicar teniendo en cuenta las fuentes de ambos isótopos, el transporte atmosférico y la deposición de los mismos. Se demuestra, además, la importancia de la quema de biomasa en el Amazonas como fuente de reciclado de 129I para Sudamérica. Las relaciones isotópicas 129I/127I medidas son menores a las halladas en muestras del hemisferio Norte, inclusive a las tomadas en regiones lejanas a las plantas de reprocesamiento de combustible nuclear ubicadas en Europa occidental, siendo estas actualmente la principal fuente de 129I. De hecho, dos sitios de muestreo presentan valores de la relación 129I/127I similares a resultados pre-antropogénicos. El perfil latitudinal y los niveles medidos de 129I permiten aseverar que no hay fuentes locales de producción de este radioisótopo.This thesis work analyzes the presence of 129I in Argentina in order to develop environmental applications with this radioisotope in South-America. For this, 129I and 127I concentrations were measured in animal thyroids coming from several regions of Argentina. The results show a clear dependence with latitude and season, which can be understood considering tropospheric circulation patterns, possible 129I sources and regional precipitation rates. It was found that biomass burning in the Amazon plays a major role as source of recycled 129I for South America. The measured 129I/127I isotopic ratios are lower than those found in samples from the northern hemisphere, including those taken in regions far from nuclear fuel reprocessing plants located in Western Europe, nowadays the main source of 129I. In fact, two sampling sites yield 129I/127I values similar to pre-anthropogenic ones. Taken into account the latitudinal profile and 129I levels measured, local sources of 129I are ruled out.Fil:Negri, Agustín E.. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina

Pollination efficiency of artificial and bee pollination practices in kiwifruit

The area cultivated with pollinator-dependent crops is increasing worldwide, while a shortfall in pollinator availability is a growing problem in many agroecosystems. For this reason, many highly pollinator-dependent crops are nowadays pollinated artificially by humans. Here, we compared the efficiency of artificial and bee pollination practices on the mean level and stability of pollination and fruit production of kiwifruit. In a kiwifruit orchard, we tagged a total of 800 flowers from 40 plants, half were pollinated by honeybees while the other half by spraying pollen on flowers, the most commonly pollination technique used in kiwifruit. During harvest, we measured fruit set, number of seeds per fruit, and fruit weight. On average, bee-pollinated plants produced 40% more fruits than artificially-pollinated plants. Also, fruits from bee-pollinated flowers contained, on average, 34% more seeds, showing also 2.8 times less variability in number of seeds per fruit than those pollinated artificially. Following the same trend, bee-pollinated flowers produce fruits that were 34% heavier and 1.5 times less variable in weight. These results showed that bee pollination resulted in higher fruit production, and heavier and more homogeneous fruits than artificial pollination. According to these results, we encourage growers and land managers to use pollination management practices based on honey bees, instead of the use of mechanical pollination systems.Fil: Sáez, Agustín. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche; ArgentinaFil: Negri, Pedro. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Cs.exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones En Sanidad Produccion y Ambiente. - Comision de Investigaciones Cientificas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones En Sanidad Produccion y Ambiente.; ArgentinaFil: Viel, Matias. Universidad de San Andrés; ArgentinaFil: Aizen, Marcelo Adrian. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche; Argentin

Determination of total I and

Total iodine and129-iodine in rivers and lakes of Argentina were measured by means of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and accelerator mass spectrometry respectively. The obtained isotopic ratios, higher than the natural level, are explained as the delayed signal from nuclear weapon atmospheric tests. Besides, deposition fluences in catchment areas of the lakes are analyzed. Their latitudinal dependence, similar to the dependence of annual precipitation rates, favours wet deposition as the main 129I fallout mechanism for this region