37 research outputs found
Sex-Differences in Pain and Opioid Use Disorder Management: A Cross-Sectional Real-World Study
Background: It is essential to focus attention on sex-specific factors which are clinically relevant in pain management, especially with regards to opioid use disorder (OUD) risk. The aim of this study was to explore potential sex-differences in chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP) outpatients. (2) Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted under CNCP outpatients with long-term prescribed opioids (n = 806), wherein 137 patients had an OUD diagnosis (cases, 64% females) and 669 did not (controls, 66% females). Socio-demographic, clinical, and pharmacological outcomes were analyzed. (3) Results: Female controls presented an older age and less intensive pain therapy but higher psychotropic prescriptions and emergency department visits compared to male controls. Meanwhile, cases demonstrated a younger age, higher work disability, double morphine equivalent daily dose, and benzodiazepine use compared with controls. Here, female cases showed an 8% greater substance use disorder (OR 2.04 [1.11-3.76]) and 24% lower tramadol use, while male cases presented a 22% higher fentanyl use (OR 2.97 [1.52-5.81]) and reported the highest number of adverse drug reactions (24%, OR 2.40 [1.12-5.16]) compared with controls. (4) Conclusions: An OUD individual risk profile was evidenced with sex-differences to take into consideration to design equal prevention programs
Viabilidad de una plataforma de e-commerce para la producci贸n ecol贸gica en la Comunidad Valenciana
El sector agrario valenciano, sustentado por empresas familiares con peque帽as producciones y una enorme diversidad de cultivos, representa un gran potencial para la explotaci贸n agroecol贸gica. Sin embargo, el acceso a los mercados para los peque帽os productores es complicado. En este escenario, se ha considerado la posibilidad de desarrollar una plataforma de venta online para productores ecol贸gicos, que estar铆a gestionada por el organismo certificador del territorio (CAE-CV). El objetivo es determinar si los actores del mercado, productores y consumidores de productos ecol贸gicos, estar铆an dispuestos a utilizar este tipo de comercio y establecer cu谩les son las caracter铆sticas m谩s importantes que debe tener la herramienta. Se realiz贸 una encuesta a consumidores y una entrevista a productores antes del desarrollo de la herramienta (2019). Con los resultados obtenidos se realiz贸 una versi贸n demo de la web, considerando los par谩metros aportados por los actores y, finalmente, se evalu贸 la aceptaci贸n de la misma (2020). En los resultados, se observa una aceptaci贸n alta, tanto por parte de los consumidores como de los productores, y sobre todo un incremento importante de la intenci贸n de compra online por parte de los consumidores entre los per铆odos considerados, lo que muestra el creciente desarrollo de este tipo de canal
Pharmacogenetic Guided Opioid Therapy Improves Chronic Pain Outcomes and Comorbid Mental Health: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Study
Interindividual variability in analgesic response is at least partly due to well-characterized polymorphisms that are associated with opioid dosing and adverse outcomes. The Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) has put forward recommendations for the CYP2D6 phenotype, but the list of studied drug-gene pairs continues to grow. This clinical trial randomized chronic pain patients (n = 60), referred from primary care to pain unit care into two opioid prescribing arms, one guided by CYP2D6, 渭-opioid receptor (OPRM1), and catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) genotypes vs. one with clinical routine. The genotype-guided treatment reduced pain intensity (76 vs. 59 mm, p < 0.01) by improving pain relief (28 vs. 48 mm, p < 0.05), increased quality of life (43 vs. 56 mm p < 0.001), and lowered the incidence of clinically relevant adverse events (3 [1-5] vs. 1 [0-2], p < 0.01) and 42% opioid dose (35 [22-61] vs. 60 [40-80] mg/day, p < 0.05) as opposed to usual prescribing arm. The final health utility score was significantly higher (0.71 [0.58-0.82] vs. 0.51 [0.13-0.67] controls, p < 0.05) by improving sleepiness and depression comorbidity, with a significant reduction of 30-34% for headache, dry mouth, nervousness, and constipation. A large-scale implementation analysis could help clinical translation, together with a pharmaco-economic evaluation
Monstres creats pels homes : estudi sobre la traducci贸 i la cultura dels vampirs, homes llop i bruixes
Aquest treball s'ha centrat en l'estudi antropol貌gic i traductol貌gic de personatges folkl貌rics i ficticis. Primer s'ha realitzat un estudi sobre la influ猫ncia de la ficci贸 i la realitat sobre aquests personatges, el paper de la traducci贸 i de la censura, i els arquetips literaris. S'ha recercat l'origen i l'evoluci贸 tant en la ficci贸 com en la realitat, fent 猫mfasis en la discriminaci贸 de certs grups de persones, com les dones, el col路lectiu LGBT, les persones grans o els practicants de religions no cristianes. S'ha buscat una explicaci贸 cient铆fica i social a la creen莽a en els vampirs, els homes llop i les bruixes i s'han estudiat els prejudicis relacionats amb aquests 茅ssers, junt amb la influ猫ncia que hi ha tingut la literatura i el cinema. Seguidament, s'han tradu茂t entrades enciclop猫diques relacionades amb els personatges per acabar de desenvolupar la part te貌rica, s'han comentat les dificultats i s'han corregit els errors dels textos originals.Este trabajo se ha centrado en el estudio antropol贸gico y traductol贸gico de personajes folkl贸ricos y ficticios. Primero se ha realizado un estudio sobre la influencia de la ficci贸n y la realidad de estos personajes, el rol de la traducci贸n y de la censura, y los arquetipos literarios. Se ha investigado el origen i la evoluci贸n tanto en la ficci贸n como en la realidad, haciendo 茅nfasis en la discriminaci贸n de ciertos grupos de personas, como las mujeres, el colectivo LGBT, la gente mayor o los practicantes de religiones no cristianas. Se ha buscado una explicaci贸n cient铆fica y social a la creencia en los vampiros, los hombres lobo y las brujas, y se han estudiado los prejuicios relacionados con estos seres, junto con la influencia que ha tenido la literatura y el cinema. Seguidamente, se han traducido entradas enciclop茅dicas relacionadas con los personajes para acabar de desarrollar la parte te贸rica, se han comentado las dificultades y se han corregido los errores de los textos originales.This project has focused on the anthropological and translational study of folk and fictional characters. First, a study has been carried out on the influence of fiction and reality on these characters, the role of translation and censorship, and literary archetypes. The origin and evolution have been investigated both in fiction and in real life, emphasizing on the discrimination of certain groups of people, such as women, the LGBT community, the elderly, or practitioners of non-Christian religions. I looked for a scientific and social explanation for the belief in vampires, werewolves and witches, and the prejudices related to these beings have been studied, along with the influence that literature and cinema have had. Afterwards, encyclopedic entries related to the characters have been translated to finish developing the theoretical part, difficulties have been commented on and errors in the original texts have been corrected
Familial Mediterranean fever in the pediatric population
Familial Mediterranean fever; Amyloid A; ColchicineFebre mediterr脿nia familiar; Amiloide A; ColchicinaFiebre mediterr谩nea familiar; Amiloide A; ColchicinaFamilial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is the most frequent autoinflammatory disorder characterized by short, repeated, and self-limiting crises of fever and serositis. The disease was described as autosomal recessive hereditary transmission secondary to variants of the MEFV (MEditerranean FeVer) gene, even though a variable proportion of patients only present a heterozygous variant. FMF is very common in certain ethnic groups (Turkish, Armenian, Arab, and Jewish), even though it has been described throughout the Mediterranean and elsewhere in the world. The clinical manifestations are variable, with secondary amyloidosis being the most serious complication of the disorder. Treatment and prophylaxis are mainly based on the administration of colchicine, which prevents the crises and avoids complications in most cases. This study reviews the course of seven pediatric patients diagnosed with FMF during the period 2010-2018 at a district hospital. Most of the patients were of Caucasian origin, with onset at an early age in the form of fever as the main symptom, and some patients moreover presented less frequent manifestations (pericardial effusion, sensorineural hearing loss). Two cases presented plasmatic amyloid A protein elevation that subsided with the treatment. All the patients initially received colchicine, and one of them required prescription of anakinra, which was replaced by canakinumab due to a serious adverse reaction. There were no cases of consanguinity, and all the patients were of Mediterranean origin. The subjects showed a favorable course over the years, which was attributed to the early diagnosis and treatment provided
Vertical mass impact and features of Saharan dust intrusions derived from ground-based remote sensing in synergy with airborne in-situ measurements
A study of the vertical mass impact of Saharan dust intrusions is presented in this work. Simultaneous
ground-based remote-sensing and airborne in-situ measurements performed during the AMISOC-TNF
campaign over the Tenerife area (Canary Islands) in summertime from 01 July to 11 August 2013 were
used for that purpose. A particular dusty (DD) case, associated to a progressively arriving dust intrusion
lasting for two days on 31 July (weak incidence) and 01 August (strong incidence), is especially investigated.
AERONET AOD and AEx values were ranging, respectively, from 0.2 to 1.4 and 0.35 to 0.05 along
these two days. Vertical particle size distributions within fine and coarse modes (0.16e2.8 mm range)
were obtained from aircraft aerosol spectrometer measurements. Extinction profiles and Lidar Ratio (LR)
values were derived from MPLNET/Micro Pulse Lidar observations. MAXDOAS measurements were also
used to retrieve the height-resolved aerosol extinction for evaluation purposes in comparison to Lidarderived
profiles.This work is supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Econom铆a y
Competitividad (MINECO) under grants CGL2011-24891 and
CGL2014-55230-R
Confinamiento por Covid-19: 驴c贸mo ha impactado en el consumo de vino y en las actividades de enoturismo?
La declaraci贸n de pandemia mundial por la COVID-19 ha tenido efectos muy negativos en multitud de sectores econ贸micos. El sector de la hosteler铆a y el turismo no ha sido ajeno a esta situaci贸n. El consumo moderado de vino se ha considerado saludable, no tanto por los beneficios que reporta su ingesta, sino como factor de socializaci贸n. Las actividades de enoturismo tienen esta componente social, ya que conjugan el consumo de vino con una actividad l煤dica, teniendo como consecuencia positiva la visita a bodegas, el conocimiento de una DO, el territorio, el paisaje... Sin embargo, la pandemia ha supuesto un cambio de guion en el h谩bito de consumo de vino y disfrute de actividades enotur铆sticas ya que estas acciones no se han podido realizar. En el presente trabajo se realiz贸 una encuesta on line a 365 individuos para determinar el cambio de h谩bitos durante el confinamiento tanto de consumo como de las nuevas actividades enotur铆sticas propuestas, y si esto ha provocado una intenci贸n de consumo distinta para el futuro. El 76% ha realizado algunas de las posibles propuestas on line de enoturismo y a m谩s del 80% les gustar铆a realizar enoturismo finalizado el confinamiento lo que muestra el creciente inter茅s por dichas actividades
Algunas reflexiones acerca del proceso de formaci贸n en investigaci贸n de estudiantes de grado y posgrado
En diversos proyectos dentro del programa de investigaci贸n dirigido por la Dra. Mar铆a Teresa Sirvent en el marco de subsidios UBACYT, venimos trabajando desde hace m谩s de diez a帽os analizando diversas fuentes emp铆ricas que nos han permitido construir categor铆as did谩cticas acerca de la formaci贸n de investigadores n贸veles. Luego, sumamos las tareas del equipo de trabajo conformado por varios docentes de la UNER que nos permitieron enriquecer esas categor铆as en el marco de una carrera diferente con una propuesta de trabajo final de tesina para la obtenci贸n del t铆tulo de grado.
Las cuestiones de una Pedagog铆a y Did谩ctica de la investigaci贸n han sido y siguen siendo entonces parte de las preocupaciones compartidas por los dos equipos de investigaci贸n de UBA y UNER. En esta oportunidad, queremos compartir las reflexiones fruto de di谩logos y debates con los compa帽eros de las c谩tedras y los tesistas a quienes acompa帽amos en diversos espacios de grado y posgrado.
Una de las caracter铆sticas principales del oficio cient铆fico es que los aprendizajes de este quehacer se constituyen tanto en el interior como en el exterior de una instituci贸n, o sea que es posible observar una cultura de formaci贸n de investigadores asociada a estas entidades, un modo de actuar que favorece u obstaculiza estos aprendizajes, y que revela la actitud de una comunidad respecto a la producci贸n de conocimiento y a la formaci贸n para el oficio.
Estos contextos de ense帽anza tienen particularidades que consideramos necesario explicitar. Si bien es posible validar algunas categor铆as en los diversos espacios porque hay cuestiones comunes que hacen a la formaci贸n del investigador, hay aspectos propios del contexto que dan sentido a las interpretaciones que se presentan en este trabajo.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educaci贸
Characterisation and development of histopathological lesions in a guinea pig model of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a very significant infectious disease worldwide. New vaccines and therapies are needed, even more crucially with the increase of multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains. Preclinical animal models are very valuable for the development of these new disease control strategies. Guinea pigs are one of the best models of TB, sharing many features with the pathology observed in human TB. Here we describe the development of TB lesions in a guinea pig model of infection. We characterise the granulomatous lesions in four developmental stages (I鈥揑V), using histopathological analysis and immunohistochemical (IHC) techniques to study macrophages, T cells, B cells and granulocytes. The granulomas in the guinea pigs start as aggregations of macrophages and few heterophils, evolving to larger lesions showing central caseous necrosis with mineralisation and abundant acid-fast bacilli, surrounded by a rim of macrophages and lymphocytes in the outer layers of the granuloma. Multinucleated giant cells are very rare and fibrotic capsules are not formed in this animal model