Usporedna analiza modela za prognozu koncentracija ozona pomoću evolucijskog programiranja gena i višestruke linearne regresije

ground-level ozone (O3) has been a serious air pollution problem for several decades and in many metropolitan areas, due to its adverse impact on the human respiratory system. Therefore, to reduce the risks of O3 related damages, developing, maintaining and improving short term ozone forecasting models is needed. This paper presents the results of two prognostic models including gene expression programming (gEP), which is a variant of genetic programming (gP), and multiple linear regression (MLR) to forecast ozone levels in real-time up to 6 hours ahead at four stations in Bilbao, Spain. The inputs to the gEP were meteorological conditions (wind speed and direction, temperature, relative humidity, pressure, solar radiation and thermal gradient), hourly ozone levels and traffic parameters (number of vehicles, occupation percentage and velocity), which were measured in the years of 1993–94. The performances of developed models were compared with observed values and were evaluated using specific performance measurements for the air quality models established in the Model Validation Kit and recommended by the US Environmental Protection Agency. It was found that the gEP in most cases gives superior predictions. Finally it can be concluded on the basis of the results of this study that gene expression programming appears to be a promising technique for the prediction of pollutant concentrations.Zbog štetnog utjecaja na dišni sustav prizemni ozon (O3) već nekoliko desetljeća predstavlja ozbiljan problem u mnogim onečišćenim urbanim područjima. Kako bi se smanjili rizici od oštećenja uzrokovanih ozonom, potrebno je razvijati, održavati i poboljšavati modele kratkoročne prognoze ozona. Ovaj rad prikazuje rezultate dvaju prognostičkih modela, evolucijskog programiranja gena (GEP), koje je varijanta genetskog programiranja (GP), te prognoziranje razina ozona u realnom vremenu višestrukom linearnom regresijom (MLR) do šest sati unaprijed na četiri postaje u Bilbau u Španjolskoj. Ulazni podaci za GEP su meteorološki uvjeti (brzina i smjer vjetra, temperatura, relativna vlažnost zraka, tlak, sunčevo zračenje i termički gradijent), satne razine ozona i parametri prometa (broj vozila, udio vremena zauzetosti ceste vozilima i njihova brzina), koji su izmjereni u razdoblju 1993–1994. Performanse razvijenih modela ocijenjene su usporedbom s mjerenjima te upotrebom alata za validaciju modela koje je predložila američka Agencija za zaštitu okoliša. Utvrđeno je da GEP u većini slučajeva daje bolje prognoze. Na kraju je zaključeno da je evolucijsko programiranje gena obećavajuća tehnika za prognozu koncentracija onečišćujućih tvari

Perceptions and Consumption of Bottled Water at the University of the Basque Country: Showcasing Tap Water as the Real Alternative towards a Water-Sustainable University

This paper examines the beliefs and environmental attitudes of university individuals towards bottled and tap water use and examines tap and bottled water availability and sales volumes at the University of the Basque Country. The research employed a mixed methods approach including (i) an exploratory survey to document environmental beliefs and behaviors towards bottled and tap water; (ii) written questionnaires addressed to faculty administrators to inquire about accessibility to tap water and, (iii) personal interviews with restaurant managers to inquire about sales volumes of bottled water. Respondents to our survey predominately drink tap water and no health or taste issues associated with its consumption are perceived among respondents reporting to drink two or fewer bottles per week. These results imply that in our context, there are positive perceptions towards tap water and pro-environmental behavior regarding water consumption. However, respondents also claimed to use reused plastic water bottles as the most common tap water container. Moreover, there was widespread presence of bottled water sales at university premises, confirming the ubiquity of this commodity worldwide. Collectively, both survey and sales volume analyses suggest that a greater shift in sustainable behavior is needed in our community. Regarding measures and policies to promote tap water accessibility, considerable differences were found within and between campuses. These findings should help to inform university managers and support sustainability goals where bottled water consumption could be minimized or even eliminated.This research was funded by Vicerectorate of Students, Employment and Social Responsibility (UPV/EHU; grant for Sustainability Innovation)

Las Matemáticas de la mano de la Educación Física en Educación Primaria. Mathematics hand in hand with Physical Education in Elementary School

This paper describes a didactic resource aimed at teaching mathematical content of Elementary School level through Physical Education. The teaching-learning sequence elaborated includes several games and activities that have been designed with an interdisciplinary approach including Mathematics and Physical Education. The activities proposed take into account different criteria such as the age of the students, the type of activity and the contents to be addressed. Information on the design of the proposed activities is presented in a functional and practical way, with the purpose of facilitating the use of this resource to the teachers, highlighting cooperative activities and activities that address the issue of health.En este artículo se presenta una propuesta didáctica que ha sido elaborada para trabajar contenidos matemáticos de Educación Primaria desde la asignatura de Educación Física. La propuesta didáctica elaborada contiene diversos juegos y actividades que han sido diseñados con un tratamiento interdisciplinar, entre las Matemáticas y la Educación Física, teniendo en cuenta diferentes criterios, como son la edad del alumnado, el tipo de actividad o el tema a tratar. La información sobre el diseño de las actividades propuestas se presenta de manera funcional y práctica, con la intención de facilitar la labor al profesorado que decida utilizar este recurso, con especial énfasis en actividades cooperativas y actividades que abordan el tema de la salud

AirEsan: ozono mailak aurresateko sistema informatikoa

Artikulu honetan, airEsan izeneko sistema informatikoa aurkeztu nahi dugu. airEsan sistemaren bidez eguneko ozono maila maximoak aurresaten dira Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoko (EAEko) Aire Kalitate Sareko zenbait neurtokitan. airEsanek ozono-indizearen eboluzioa eta giza osasunaren babeserako ozono-atalaseen gainditzeak ere aztertzen ditu. Gaur egun, sistema informatiko hau Eusko Jaurlaritzako Ingurugiro Sailak baizik ez du erabiltzen

Ozono maila maximoen bilakaera Beasain, Jaizkibel eta Valderejon (2004-2008)

Artikulu honetan,gaur egun aire-kutsatzaile kezkagarrienetakoa den troposferako ozonoa da aztergai. Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoko Aire Kalitatea Kontrolatzeko eta Zaintzeko Sareko Beasain, Jaizkibel eta Valderejo estazioetan 2004-2008 denboraldian neurtutako eguneko ozono kontzentrazio maximoen analisi estatistiko deskribatzailea egin da eta giza osasunaren babeserako atalaseak noiz gainditu ziren aztertu da

Integrating Mathematics and Science Teaching in the Context of Education for Sustainable Development: Design and Pilot Implementation of a Teaching-Learning Sequence about Air Quality with Pre-Service Primary Teachers

This article presents an interdisciplinary teaching–learning sequence (TLS) about air quality for pre-service primary teachers using an organic learning garden. The design involved a curricular integration of concepts and competences about sustainability, mathematics, and science disciplines following constructivist and active learning strategies, such as problem-based learning and place-based education. In this TLS, both the topic and the learning context act as facilitators of education for sustainable development (ESD). The contents address the overarching STEM and sustainability concepts related to air pollutants, weather, and climate. Our results show that students learned about a STEM topic within a space and context that enables ESD. Several misconceptions related to air quality, weather, and statistics were identified through the evaluation of students’ initial ideas. Furthermore, students’ attitudes towards the topic of study and self-efficacy and perceived relevance of ESD improved after the implementation. These results will guide further improvements of the designed TLS, which connects STEM education and ESD as a transformative educational experience for pre-service teachers. In this sense, we conclude that such initiatives can improve pre-service primary teachers’ self-efficacy as agents of change towards sustainable development goals.This research was funded by the Vice-Rectorate of Innovation, Social Commitment and Cultural Action (UPV/EHU), through the call for Projects of Educational Innovation, grant number PIE13-PIE-HECA-STEM and the call from the Directorate of Sustainability: Campus Bizia Lab 2018/19 edition, grant number 18ZUAZ

Relevancia de las variables meteorológicas en el diseño de un modelo de predicción de los niveles de ozono, en tiempo real, basado en el uso de redes neuronales

Ponencia presentada en: XXIX Jornadas Científicas de la AME y el VII Encuentro Hispano Luso de Meteorología celebrado en Pamplona, del 24 al 26 de abril de 2006

Ozono maila maximoen bilakaera Beasain, Jaizkibel eta Valderejon (2004-2008)

Artikulu honetan,gaur egun aire-kutsatzaile kezkagarrienetakoa den troposferako ozonoa da aztergai. Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoko Aire Kalitatea Kontrolatzeko eta Zaintzeko Sareko Beasain, Jaizkibel eta Valderejo estazioetan 2004-2008 denboraldian neurtutako eguneko ozono kontzentrazio maximoen analisi estatistiko deskribatzailea egin da eta giza osasunaren babeserako atalaseak noiz gainditu ziren aztertu da