Carbon Trading with Blockchain

Blockchain has the potential to accelerate the deployment of emissions trading systems (ETS) worldwide and improve upon the efficiency of existing systems. In this paper, we present a model for a permissioned blockchain implementation based on the successful European Union (EU) ETS and discuss its potential advantages over existing technology. We propose an ETS model that is both backwards compatible and future-proof, characterised by interconnectedness, transparency, tamper-resistance and high liquidity. Further, we identify key challenges to implementation of a blockchain ETS, as well as areas of future work required to enable a fully-decentralised blockchain ETS

Studies in matter antimatter separation and in the origin of lunar magnetism

Antimatter experiments of the University of Santa Clara are investigated. Topics reported include: (1) planetary geology, (2) lunar Apollo magnetometer experiments, and (3) Roche limit of a solid body

Studies in matter antimatter separation and in the origin of lunar magnetism

A progress report, covering lunar and planetary research is introduced. Data cover lunar ionospheric models, lunar and planetary geology, and lunar magnetism. Wind tunnel simulations of Mars aeolian problems and a comparative study of basaltic analogs of Lunar and Martial volcanic features was discussed

Synthesis and Characterization of some First Row Transition Metal Picrates

Transition metal picrates of the empirical compositions Ti(Picrate) CI/Sub3, Ti (Picrate)/Sub2CI/Sub2, Cr (OH) (H/Sub2O)/Sub6 (Pierate)/Sub2 and M(H/Sub2O)x (Picrate)/Sub2 (where M=Mn (II), Fe (II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) and x=4for Cu(II), 8 for Fe(II) & 6 for others) have been prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductance, magnetic susceptibility measurements, infrared and electronic spectral studies. Molar conductances and molecular weights of the soluble metal picrates show that TiCI/Sub2 (Picrate)/Sub2 is non electrolyte whereas others are 1:2 electrolytes. Magnetic susceptibility and electronic spectral I studies indicate that(II) picrate is square planar, whereas those of Cr(III) Mn(II0, Fe(II),Co(II) and NI(II) are spin free octahedral. The infrared spectral studies of the hydrated and anhydrous metal picrates show: (i) that phenolic group of the picric acid is involved in bounding with the metals;(ii) the water molecules in the hydrated metal picrates coordinated and (iii) the-NO/Sub2 groups do not participate in bonding with the metals

Base Adducts of Bis(N-acetyl-N'–benzoyl-hydrazinato)nickel(II)

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Acyl Hydrazine Complexes of Some First Row Transition Metal II Picrates

Abstract not available

Approximate Minimum Diameter

We study the minimum diameter problem for a set of inexact points. By inexact, we mean that the precise location of the points is not known. Instead, the location of each point is restricted to a contineus region (\impre model) or a finite set of points (\indec model). Given a set of inexact points in one of \impre or \indec models, we wish to provide a lower-bound on the diameter of the real points. In the first part of the paper, we focus on \indec model. We present an $O(2^{\frac{1}{\epsilon^d}} \cdot \epsilon^{-2d} \cdot n^3 )$ time approximation algorithm of factor $(1+\epsilon)$ for finding minimum diameter of a set of points in $d$ dimensions. This improves the previously proposed algorithms for this problem substantially. Next, we consider the problem in \impre model. In $d$-dimensional space, we propose a polynomial time $\sqrt{d}$-approximation algorithm. In addition, for $d=2$, we define the notion of $\alpha$-separability and use our algorithm for \indec model to obtain $(1+\epsilon)$-approximation algorithm for a set of $\alpha$-separable regions in time $O(2^{\frac{1}{\epsilon^2}}\allowbreak . \frac{n^3}{\epsilon^{10} .\sin(\alpha/2)^3} )$

Interferometry of direct photons in Pb+Pb collisions at 158 AGeV

We present final results from the WA98 experiment which provide first measurements of Bose-Einstein correlations of direct photons in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions. Invariant interferometric radii were extracted in the range $100<K_T<300$ MeV/c and compared to interferometric radii of charged pions. The yield of direct photons for $100<p_T<300$ MeV/c was extracted from the correlation strength parameter and compared to the yield of direct photons measured in WA98 at higher $p_T$ with the statistical subtraction method, and to predictions of a fireball model.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, proceedings for Quark Matter 200

From Physical to Cyber: Escalating Protection for Personalized Auto Insurance

Nowadays, auto insurance companies set personalized insurance rate based on data gathered directly from their customers' cars. In this paper, we show such a personalized insurance mechanism -- wildly adopted by many auto insurance companies -- is vulnerable to exploit. In particular, we demonstrate that an adversary can leverage off-the-shelf hardware to manipulate the data to the device that collects drivers' habits for insurance rate customization and obtain a fraudulent insurance discount. In response to this type of attack, we also propose a defense mechanism that escalates the protection for insurers' data collection. The main idea of this mechanism is to augment the insurer's data collection device with the ability to gather unforgeable data acquired from the physical world, and then leverage these data to identify manipulated data points. Our defense mechanism leveraged a statistical model built on unmanipulated data and is robust to manipulation methods that are not foreseen previously. We have implemented this defense mechanism as a proof-of-concept prototype and tested its effectiveness in the real world. Our evaluation shows that our defense mechanism exhibits a false positive rate of 0.032 and a false negative rate of 0.013.Comment: Appeared in Sensys 201