Extended Armendariz Rings

In this note we introduce central linear Armendariz rings as a generalization of Armendariz rings and investigate their properties

A Universal Infrared Remote Control

This project consists of building a universal remote controller, which can be used to control any kind of device capable of communicating its user interface. The remote device works based on an infrared technology and allows the user to control any of the home appliances. The idea and design of this project are considered as a multicommunication between transmitter and receiver, because the remote control device combines many remotes into one and has an ability to control up to fifteen appliances that are commonly used at homes. Thetransmitter contains 15 independent inputs and has a carrier wave frequency of 38 kHz, which is the same for almost all infrared remote controls. Similarly, the receiver has 15 independent outputs, each of which can operate separately. The SAA3004 transmitter integrated circuit (IC), which is designed for infrared remote control systems, is used as a main IC on the remote control itself. As for receiver part, PIC16C55-XT/P is used as a microcontroller to control the infrared receiver operations due to the increased number of Input/Output pins. Both ICs are programmed accordingly to provide a multi- communication. A desktop lamp and fan are used as the example appliances to be remotely controlled. The control of these appliances is associated with ON/OFF switching application. Since a remote control has become a part of the everyday life, in this project, an infrared remote control system is designed to prove the universality of it

Systematization and classification of e-waste and its harmful effects on health

Today, the waste of electrical and electronic equipment has created a number of global problems, and their solution is as urgent as other environmental problems. The article explores the issues related to the potential danger of e-waste to human health. For this, the data from a number of international normative documents and authoritative journals is collected, systematized and classified. The feasibility of classifying the waste according to the criterion “hazardous-safe” is substantiated. The main goal of the study is to identify the cause-effect relationship between hazardous waste and their harm. The elements and connections of electronic waste, the harmful environment they create, the relationship of pathological conditions related to human health

On Semicommutative Modules and Rings

We say a module MR a semicommutative module if for any m 2 M and any a 2 R, ma = 0 implies mRa = 0. This paper gives various properties of reduced, Armendariz, Baer, Quasi-Baer, p:p: and p:q:-Baer rings to extend to modules. In addition we also prove, for a p.p.-ring R, R is semicommutative iff R is Armendariz. Let R be an abelian ring and MR be a p:p:-module, then MR is a semicommutative module iff MR is an Armendariz module. For any ring R, R is semicommutative iff A(R; ®) is semicommutative. Let R be a reduced ring, it is shown that for number n ¸ 4 and k = [n=2]; Tk n (R) is semicommutative ring but Tk¡1 n (R) is not

On Rickart Modules

We investigate some properties of Rickart modules defined by Rizvi and Roman. Let R be an arbitrary ring with identity and M be a right R-module with S = EndR(M). A module M is called to be Rickart if for any f 2 S, rM(f) = Se, for some e2 = e 2 S. We prove that some results of principally projective rings and Baer modules can be extended to Rickart modules for this general settings

On a Class of Semicommutative Modules

Let R be a ring with identity,M a right R-module and S = EndR(M). In this note, we introduce S-semicommutative, S-Baer, S-q.-Baer and S-p.q.-Baer modules. We study the relations between these classes of modules. Also we prove if M is an S-semicommutative module, then M is an S-p.q.-Baer module if and only if M[x] is an S[x]-p.q.-Baer module, M is an S-Baer module if and only if M[x] is an S[x]-Baer module, M is an S-q.-Baer module if and only if M[x] is an S[x]-q.-Baer module

On Abelian Rings

Let α be an endomorphism of an arbitrary ring R with identity. In this note, we introduce the notion of α-abelian rings which generalizes abelian rings. We prove that α-reduced rings, α-symmetric rings, α-semicommutative rings and α-Armendariz rings are α-abelian. For a right principally projective ring R, we also prove that R is α-reduced if and only if R is α-symmetric if and only if R is α-semicommutative if and only if R is α-Armendariz if and only if R is α-Armendariz of power series type if and only if R is α-abelian

On a Class of Semicommutative Rings

In this paper, a generalization of the class of semicommutative rings is inves- tigated. A ring R is called central semicommutative if for any a; b 2 R, ab = 0 implies arb is a central element of R for each r 2 R. We prove that some results on semicommutative rings can be extended to central semicommutative rings for this general settings

A Universal Infrared Remote Control

This project consists of building a universal remote controller, which can be used to control any kind of device capable of communicating its user interface. The remote device works based on an infrared technology and allows the user to control any of the home appliances. The idea and design of this project are considered as a multicommunication between transmitter and receiver, because the remote control device combines many remotes into one and has an ability to control up to fifteen appliances that are commonly used at homes. Thetransmitter contains 15 independent inputs and has a carrier wave frequency of 38 kHz, which is the same for almost all infrared remote controls. Similarly, the receiver has 15 independent outputs, each of which can operate separately. The SAA3004 transmitter integrated circuit (IC), which is designed for infrared remote control systems, is used as a main IC on the remote control itself. As for receiver part, PIC16C55-XT/P is used as a microcontroller to control the infrared receiver operations due to the increased number of Input/Output pins. Both ICs are programmed accordingly to provide a multi- communication. A desktop lamp and fan are used as the example appliances to be remotely controlled. The control of these appliances is associated with ON/OFF switching application. Since a remote control has become a part of the everyday life, in this project, an infrared remote control system is designed to prove the universality of it