43 research outputs found

    Risk factors involved in treatment delays and differences in treatment type for patients with prostate cancer by risk category in an academic safety net hospital

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    Objectives: Understanding the drivers of delays from diagnosis to treatment can elucidate how to reduce the time to treatment (TTT) in patients with prostate cancer. In addition, the available treatments depending on the stage of cancer can vary widely for many reasons. This study investigated the relationship of TTT and treatment choice with sociodemographic factors in patients with prostate cancer who underwent external beam radiation therapy (RT), radical prostatectomy (RP), androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), or active surveillance (AS) at a safety-net academic medical center. Methods and materials: A retrospective review was performed on 1088 patients who were diagnosed with nonmetastatic prostate cancer between January 2005 and December 2013. Demographic data as well as data on TTT, initial treatment choice, American Joint Committee on Cancer stage, and National Comprehensive Cancer Network risk categories were collected. Analyses of variance and multivariable logistic regression models were performed to analyze the relationship of these factors with treatment choice and TTT. Results: Age, race, and marital status were significantly related to treatment choice. Patients who were nonwhite and older than 60 years were less likely to undergo RP. Black patients were 3.8 times more likely to undergo RT compared with white patients. The median TTT was 75 days. Longer time delays were significant in patients of older age, nonwhite race/ethnicity, non-English speakers, those with noncommercial insurance, and those with non-married status. The average TTT of high-risk patients was 25 days longer than that of low-risk patients. Patients who underwent RT had an average TTT that was 34 days longer than that of RP patients. Conclusions: The treatment choice and TTT of patients with prostate cancer are affected by demographic factors such as age, race, marital status, and insurance, as well as clinical factors including stage and risk category of disease

    Students' participation in collaborative research should be recognised

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    Letter to the editor

    Exclusive four pion photoproduction in ultraperipheral Pb-Pb collisions at sNN=5.02\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 5.02 TeV

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    International audienceThe intense photon fluxes from relativistic nuclei provide an opportunity to study photonuclear interactions in ultraperipheral collisions. The measurement of coherently photoproduced π+ππ+π\pi^+\pi^-\pi^+\pi^- final states in ultraperipheral Pb-Pb collisions at sNN=5.02\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=5.02 TeV is presented for the first time. The cross section, dσ\sigma/dyy, times the branching ratio (ρπ+π+ππ\rho\rightarrow \pi^+ \pi^+ \pi^- \pi^-) is found to be 47.8±2.3 (stat.)±7.7 (syst.)47.8\pm2.3~\rm{(stat.)}\pm7.7~\rm{(syst.)} mb in the rapidity interval y<0.5|y| < 0.5. The invariant mass distribution is not well described with a single Breit-Wigner resonance. The production of two interfering resonances, ρ(1450)\rho(1450) and ρ(1700)\rho(1700), provides a good description of the data. The values of the masses (mm) and widths (Γ\Gamma) of the resonances extracted from the fit are m1=1385±14 (stat.)±3 (syst.)m_{1}=1385\pm14~\rm{(stat.)}\pm3~\rm{(syst.)} MeV/c2c^2, Γ1=431±36 (stat.)±82 (syst.)\Gamma_{1}=431\pm36~\rm{(stat.)}\pm82~\rm{(syst.)} MeV/c2c^2, m2=1663±13 (stat.)±22 (syst.)m_{2}=1663\pm13~\rm{(stat.)}\pm22~\rm{(syst.)} MeV/c2c^2 and Γ2=357±31 (stat.)±49 (syst.)\Gamma_{2}=357 \pm31~\rm{(stat.)}\pm49~\rm{(syst.)} MeV/c2c^2, respectively. The measured cross sections times the branching ratios are compared to recent theoretical predictions

    Measurement of Ωc0\Omega^0_{\rm c} baryon production and branching-fraction ratio BR(Ωc0Ωe+νe)/BR(Ωc0Ωπ+){\rm BR(\Omega^0_c \rightarrow \Omega^- e^+\nu_e)} / {\rm BR(\Omega^0_c \rightarrow \Omega^- \pi^+)} in pp collisions at s\sqrt{s} = 13 TeV

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    International audienceThe inclusive production of the charm-strange baryon Ωc0\Omega^{0}_{\rm c} is measured for the first time via its semileptonic decay into Ωe+νe\Omega^{-}\rm e^{+}\nu_{e} at midrapidity (y<0.8|y|<0.8) in proton-proton (pp) collisions at the centre-of-mass energy s=13\sqrt{s}=13 TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC. The transverse momentum (pTp_{\rm T}) differential cross section multiplied by the branching ratio is presented in the interval 2<pT<12 GeV/c2<p_{\rm T}<12~{\rm GeV}/c. The branching-fraction ratio BR(Ωc0Ωe+νe)/BR(Ωc0Ωπ+){\rm BR}(\Omega^0_{\rm c} \rightarrow \Omega^{-}{\rm e}^{+}\nu_{\rm e})/ {\rm BR}(\Omega^0_{\rm c} \rightarrow \Omega^{-}{\pi}^{+}) is measured to be 1.12 ±\pm 0.22 (stat.) ±\pm 0.27 (syst.). Comparisons with other experimental measurements, as well as with theoretical calculations, are presented

    Exclusive four pion photoproduction in ultraperipheral Pb-Pb collisions at sNN=5.02\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 5.02 TeV

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    International audienceThe intense photon fluxes from relativistic nuclei provide an opportunity to study photonuclear interactions in ultraperipheral collisions. The measurement of coherently photoproduced π+ππ+π\pi^+\pi^-\pi^+\pi^- final states in ultraperipheral Pb-Pb collisions at sNN=5.02\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=5.02 TeV is presented for the first time. The cross section, dσ\sigma/dyy, times the branching ratio (ρπ+π+ππ\rho\rightarrow \pi^+ \pi^+ \pi^- \pi^-) is found to be 47.8±2.3 (stat.)±7.7 (syst.)47.8\pm2.3~\rm{(stat.)}\pm7.7~\rm{(syst.)} mb in the rapidity interval y<0.5|y| < 0.5. The invariant mass distribution is not well described with a single Breit-Wigner resonance. The production of two interfering resonances, ρ(1450)\rho(1450) and ρ(1700)\rho(1700), provides a good description of the data. The values of the masses (mm) and widths (Γ\Gamma) of the resonances extracted from the fit are m1=1385±14 (stat.)±3 (syst.)m_{1}=1385\pm14~\rm{(stat.)}\pm3~\rm{(syst.)} MeV/c2c^2, Γ1=431±36 (stat.)±82 (syst.)\Gamma_{1}=431\pm36~\rm{(stat.)}\pm82~\rm{(syst.)} MeV/c2c^2, m2=1663±13 (stat.)±22 (syst.)m_{2}=1663\pm13~\rm{(stat.)}\pm22~\rm{(syst.)} MeV/c2c^2 and Γ2=357±31 (stat.)±49 (syst.)\Gamma_{2}=357 \pm31~\rm{(stat.)}\pm49~\rm{(syst.)} MeV/c2c^2, respectively. The measured cross sections times the branching ratios are compared to recent theoretical predictions

    Systematic study of flow vector decorrelation in sNN=5.02\mathbf{\sqrt{\textit{s}_{_{\bf NN}}}=5.02} TeV Pb-Pb collisions

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    International audienceMeasurements of the pTp_{\rm T}-dependent flow vector fluctuations in Pb-Pb collisions at sNN=5.02 TeV\sqrt{s_{_{\rm NN}}} = 5.02~\mathrm{TeV} using azimuthal correlations with the ALICE experiment at the LHC are presented. A four-particle correlation approach [1] is used to quantify the effects of flow angle and magnitude fluctuations separately. This paper extends previous studies to additional centrality intervals and provides measurements of the pTp_{\rm T}-dependent flow vector fluctuations at sNN=5.02 TeV\sqrt{s_{_{\rm NN}}} = 5.02~\mathrm{TeV} with two-particle correlations. Significant pTp_{\rm T}-dependent fluctuations of the V2\vec{V}_{2} flow vector in Pb-Pb collisions are found across different centrality ranges, with the largest fluctuations of up to \sim15% being present in the 5% most central collisions. In parallel, no evidence of significant pTp_{\rm T}-dependent fluctuations of V3\vec{V}_{3} or V4\vec{V}_{4} is found. Additionally, evidence of flow angle and magnitude fluctuations is observed with more than 5σ5\sigma significance in central collisions. These observations in Pb-Pb collisions indicate where the classical picture of hydrodynamic modeling with a common symmetry plane breaks down. This has implications for hard probes at high pTp_{\rm T}, which might be biased by pTp_{\rm T}-dependent flow angle fluctuations of at least 23% in central collisions. Given the presented results, existing theoretical models should be re-examined to improve our understanding of initial conditions, quark--gluon plasma (QGP) properties, and the dynamic evolution of the created system

    Measurement of beauty-quark production in pp collisions at s=13\sqrt{s}=13 TeV via non-prompt D mesons

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    International audienceThe pTp_{\rm T}-differential production cross sections of non-prompt D0{\rm D^0}, D+{\rm D^+}, and Ds+{\rm D_s^+} mesons originating from beauty-hadron decays are measured in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy s\sqrt{s} of 13 TeV. The measurements are performed at midrapidity, y<0.5|y| < 0.5, with the data sample collected by ALICE from 2016 to 2018. The results are in agreement with predictions from several perturbative QCD calculations. The fragmentation fraction of beauty quarks to strange mesons divided by the one to non-strange mesons, fs/(fu+fd)f_{\rm{s}}/(f_{\rm{u}} + f_{\rm{d}}), is found to be 0.114±0.016 (stat.)±0.006 (syst.)±0.003 (BR)±0.003 (extrap.)0.114 \pm 0.016~{\rm (stat.)} \pm 0.006~{\rm (syst.)} \pm 0.003~{\rm (BR)} \pm 0.003~{\rm (extrap.)}. This value is compatible with previous measurements at lower centre-of-mass energies and in different collision systems in agreement with the assumption of universality of fragmentation functions. In addition, the dependence of the non-prompt D meson production on the centre-of-mass energy is investigated by comparing the results obtained at s=5.02\sqrt{s} = 5.02 and 13 TeV, showing a hardening of the non-prompt D-meson pTp_{\rm T}-differential production cross section at higher s\sqrt{s}. Finally, the bb{\rm b\overline{b}} production cross section per unit of rapidity at midrapidity is calculated from the non-prompt D0{\rm D^0}, D+{\rm D^+}, Ds+{\rm D_s^+}, and Λc+\Lambda_{\rm c}^+ hadron measurements, obtaining ${\rm d}\sigma/{\rm d}y = 75.2\pm 3.2~(\mathrm{stat.}) \pm 5.2~(\mathrm{syst.})^{+12.3}_{-3.2} ~(\mathrm{extrap.})\text{ } \rm \mu b \;.

    Investigating Λ\Lambda baryon production in p-Pb collisions in jets and underlying event using angular correlations

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    This paper presents the first measurements of hadron(h)Λ-\Lambda azimuthal angular correlations in p-Pb collisions at sNN\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 5.02 TeV using the ALICE detector at the LHC. These correlations are used to separate the production of associated Λ\Lambda baryons into three different kinematic regions, namely those produced in the direction of the trigger particle (near-side), those produced in the opposite direction (away-side), and those whose production is uncorrelated with the jet-axis (underlying event). The per-trigger associated Λ\Lambda yields in these regions are extracted, along with the near- and away-side azimuthal peak widths, and the results are studied as a function of associated particle pTp_{\rm T} and event multiplicity. Comparisons with the DPMJET event generator and previous measurements of the ϕ(1020)\phi(1020) meson are also made. The final results indicate that strangeness production in the highest multiplicity p-Pb collisions is enhanced relative to low multiplicity collisions in the jet-like regions, as well as the underlying event. The production of Λ\Lambda relative to charged hadrons is also enhanced in the underlying event when compared to the jet-like regions. Additionally, the results hint that strange quark production in the away-side of the jet is modified by soft interactions with the underlying event.First measurements of hadron(h)Λ-\Lambda azimuthal angular correlations in p-Pb collisions at sNN\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 5.02 TeV using the ALICE detector at the LHC are presented. These correlations are used to separate the production of associated Λ\Lambda baryons into three different kinematic regions, namely those produced in the direction of the trigger particle (near-side), those produced in the opposite direction (away-side), and those whose production is uncorrelated with the jet-axis (underlying event). The per-trigger associated Λ\Lambda yields in these regions are extracted, along with the near- and away-side azimuthal peak widths, and the results are studied as a function of associated particle pTp_{\rm T} and event multiplicity. Comparisons with the DPMJET event generator and previous measurements of the ϕ(1020)\phi(1020) meson are also made. The final results indicate that strangeness production in the highest multiplicity p-Pb collisions is enhanced relative to low multiplicity collisions in the jet-like regions, as well as the underlying event. The production of Λ\Lambda relative to charged hadrons is also enhanced in the underlying event when compared to the jet-like regions. Additionally, the results hint that strange quark production in the away-side of the jet is modified by soft interactions with the underlying event
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