The Definition and Measurement of Poverty: An Integrated Islamic Approach

In this paper an attempt is made to learn as to how the Islamic shariah defines and measures the phenomenon of poverty. A systematic study of the Qur’an, the traditions of Holy Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), the conduct of righteous caliphs, and the writings of early Muslim jurists would make it clear that the poor, indigent, and destitute are given adequate importance. The early Islamic state, where necessary, made serious efforts to assist and rehabilitate the poor and the needy. One of the means of assistance and rehabilitation was zakat. The disbursement of zakat funds required that the poor should be unambiguously and convincingly separated from the non-poor. How was it done in the past? Traditions of the Prophet (the sunnah) throw sufficient light on this issue. When we carefully go through the traditions, it would be clear that the explanation of poverty as given by the Prophet is dynamic. It defies time and space limitations. A deeper probe of the traditions would reveal that, for all practical purposes, the Prophet has stressed on an integrated approach. His explanation is far more comprehensive, integrated, and meaningful than the one expressed today in terms of daily intake of certain minimum calories. Present-day Muslim countries should redefine their approach towards the definition and measurement of poverty to reflect the essence of Islamic shariah.

Poverty's Effects on the Ability to Engage with Education Actively: A Case Study of the Access and Participation Plan

The research investigates and understands how poverty creates risk and affects the ability to actively engage with education using a case study from an alternative provider's perspective—the research considered case study methods where data was collected using the qualitative research approach. The collection of data used data triangulation (focus groups and interviews of the students and senior staff members) using open-ended questions at the undergraduate level. The data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel to assess the impact poverty has on educational attainment. Different ethical aspects and challenges were considered during the research process to ensure anonymity, confidentiality, power, and authority. Based on the case study research, the institution developed their five years strategic plan, which submitting to the Quality Assurance Agency (QAA), Higher Education Funding Council for England (HEFCE), and also Office for Students (OFS) for their approval. The institution also introduced the Employers' Forum, which will continue to be effectively utilizing to enhance the student experience and retention and progression rates. The research only considered one case study institution and thus was limited to the data set. The research could have produced a comparative study if more institutions were choosing with a more significant data set

Analysis of the Value and Advantages of Financial Literacy and Digitalization to the Individual

Digital literacy is the ability to analyse, evaluate and create a teaching and learning media which enables adults and youth to understand complex communication, Aufderheide (1993). Therefore, this research study has examined how digital knowledge could provide an opportunity to learn financial capability. Fintech has transformed the history of the financial sectors and places an individual at significant advantages. However, Bankers, Teachers, Information Technology (IT) professionals and university students were selected for the research study from Bangladesh and England. Interviews were conducted with management level professionals. Survey and test questionnaires were developed and randomly directed to other participants to measure their financial and ICT knowledge. The research findings have found that present financial decision making, and the growth of assets depends on an individual adult’s financial capability

Implementation of A Blockchain Security Solution For Indonesia Corporate Digital Economy Systems In 2025

Indonesia will have 275 millions of population by 2025 and the country is predicted to be the 4th rank of 10.5 Trillion USD GDP in the globe. A security of the company's financial system is very important for the sustainability of the company, especially in cases of alleged hacking by irresponsible individuals. Blockchain technology has been frequently discussed recently and it is predicted to be the safest technology today. This technology can be connected through cryptography and its use itself cannot be separated from Bitcoin and Cryptocurrency. Cryptocurrency has also gained the attention of many people all over the world, including Indonesia. Up to now, there has not yet been an assessment of the possibility to apply the blockchain technology for digital economy in Indonesia. As of October 2020, almost 30 million Indonesians own cryptocurrency and the country is also amongst the top countries in terms of the increase in use of Bitcoin. Blockchain may be one of choices and can be also applied for a decentralized digital medium and record-keeping capable of recording all transactions taken place. The application of the technology in an E-commerce service is also an urgent need because in carrying out the transaction process a security system is needed to maintain data confidentiality. There are several types of blockchain networks, the most popular being Etherium's ERC-20, where the world's first digital currency cryptocurrency, Bitcoin, runs, and now there are countless companies using Etherium's ERC-20 blockchain network. Due to the previously explained facts, this paper proposes the strategies of possibility to utilize blockchain-based digital economy in Indonesia by 2024. The strategies commence with SWOT analysis dealing with actions to support the application of it in the country. The all blockchain activities in the country will also be deliberated as well. The reason to choose the blockchain digital economy for the country will also be explained. Finally, the roles of government financial agencies and non-government stakeholders in Indonesia economy activities from time to time are also discussed, so blockchain technology could lead Indonesia economy digital-based taking place in a couple of years or at the end of 2023. Indeed, the country is believed to become the biggest digital economy in the ASEAN region by 2025.Keywords: Blockchain, decentralized, cryptography, cryptocurrency, Indonesi

The Influence of Total Quality Management (TQM) and Organizational Culture on Employee Job Satisfaction that Impacts Employee Performance (Case Study on Cooperatives in South Tangerang City)

This study aims to determine the effect of total quality management and organizational culture on employee job satisfaction with employee performance as an intervening variable. This research uses quantitative research, which is based on data that can be calculated to produce a strong quantitative interpretation. The data analysis technique used is PLS version 3.0 (Partial Least Square) software which is a variant-based structural equation analysis (Structural Equation Model) and can perform measurement model testing as well as structural model testing. The population and sample in this study were cooperatives in the South Tangerang area. The technique used in this study was the Simple Random Sampling Technique. And the sample used in this study were 191 employees in the South Tangerang Cooperative. With the results of the study that total quality management has a significant effect on employee job satisfaction because the t-statistic value is 19,056 1,652 while the latent variable on organizational culture has an effect on the contribution to the latent variable on employee job satisfaction with a statistical value of 14,351 1,652. While the latent variable total quality management has no significant effect on employee performance because the value is 1.281 1.652. And the organizational culture variable has an effect on employee performance with a t-statistic value of 4.214 1.652. And for the variable employee job satisfaction has an effect on employee performance with a value of 5.115 1.652

Development of Learning Resources within Higher Education in Response to the Challenges of COVID 19

This brief paper describes how additional learning resources can be developed at a module level within higher education. The context to further meet the requirements of a rapidly changing environment within the higher education context and to meet different trends and challenges such as employers’ expectations and challenges facing graduates to secure appropriate employment considering their disciplines. The case study reflects key considerations to ensure further students’ success as universities in the UK shifted from face-to-face delivery to quick online delivery due to the challenges presented by the Covid-19 virus spreading in the UK and Globally. In addition, the case study provides key considerations during the curriculum development process, such as constructive alignment, students’ backgrounds and diversity, and utilization of additional resources at the organizational level, such as Library Services and I

Measuring Students’ Aptitude in Writing Makassar Lontara’ Script Using Card Letters Media

Abstract The purpose of this study is to compare the capacity of students to write Makassar Lontara script before and after utilizing the letter card medium. This investigation used three steps: pre-test, therapy, and posttest. This study included fifty public Yunior High School students in the Makassar city, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Participatory observation, testing, and interviews were employed to obtain data for this study. Data description, average similarity test, and analysis requirement test are among the data analysis approaches employed. The findings revealed that learning through the medium of letter cards was more successful. The post-test analysis demonstrates the usefulness of using the letter card medium. Using Makassar Lontara's letter card medium, the level of achievement is higher than the pre-test result. Furthermore, when employing letter card media in the learning process, pupils are more active than when not using the media. Teachers of local content subjects are encouraged to use learning methods and enjoyable media for students to achieve more effective learning. The Makassar Lontara' letter card media is one of the methods employed. Because the media can contribute significantly to both the learning process and the desired outcomes, it is intended that by using the Makassar Lontara' letter card learning media, students will be more interested in and motivated to study local content themes that have previously been intimidating to them. Further research is needed to increase the quality of learning, and it is hoped that future researchers will address any flaws found in this study

Some well known inequalities for (h1, h2)-convex stochastic process via interval set inclusion relation

This note introduces the concept of (h1, h2)-convex stochastic processes using intervalvalued functions. First we develop Hermite-Hadmard (H.H) type inequalities, then we check the results for the product of two convex stochastic process mappings, and finally we develop Ostrowski and Jensen type inequalities for (h1, h2)-convex stochastic process. Also, we have shown that this is a more generalized and larger class of convex stochastic processes with some remark. Furthermore, we validate our main findings by providing some non-trivial examples.http://www.aimspress.com/journal/MathMathematics and Applied Mathematic

The role of social media engagement and emotional intelligence in successful employment

Abstract Purpose This paper focusses on demonstrating the role of social media engagement and considering emotional intelligence (hereafter EI) as a critical concept to successful employment, mainly when individuals fail to reach the desired employment despite “meeting” the role requirements. Design/methodology/approach The authors adopted a qualitative approach through semi-structured in-depth interviews of some randomly selected university students in the UK, young adults aged 19–32. The participants were selected based on different demographics to provide a broader and less biased representation of young adults in the UK. Findings This research suggests that recruitment organisations should introduce the latest requirements and trends of employers to ensure that the expectations of employers and potential candidates are aligned to improve the employment rate in young adults. Originality/value This research extends the literature regarding EI in social media engagement and successful employment. It also brings new perspectives on successful employment in young adults by demonstrating the role of social media engagement and EI traits leading to a conceptual framework exploring successful employment based on the role of social media engagement and EI