Can I see your hair: choice, agency and attitudes: the dilemma of faith and feminism for Muslim women who cover

This paper argues that the current climate of Islamaphobia has burdened Muslim women who cover with additional problems in terms of their politics, their lived experiences and their life chances. It is the contention of this paper that the myths about the hijab have created a modern day form of Orientalism that objectifies the women who cover and otherises them as oppressed, perhaps exotic, and possibly dangerous. Such stereotypical views, at time articulated by Western feminists, create stumbling blocks that bar the way to the feminist ideal of respect unity and community of goals

Women\u27s Studies in the Middle East: Some Problems and Prospects

The proceedings of the Arab Regional Women’s Studies Workshop held at the American University in Cairo in May 1997. Among the theoretical and practical issues discussed are: the importance of introducing gender studies in order to achieve social equality in the Arab World, rethinking political and research priorities in order to give more attention to gender issues, and comparing gender programs in some Arab countries.https://fount.aucegypt.edu/faculty_book_chapters/1963/thumbnail.jp

Identifying and prioritizing factors affecting the Customers' Willingness to buy Goods product inside than the outside (Case Study: Iran Transfo Corporation)

Abstract The present study aims to identify and rank factors affecting customers' willingness to purchase domestic goods than the foreign ones in Iran Transfo Corporation in 2016. The statistical population includes all customers and a sample of 200 subjects (175 male, 25 female). Respondents' evaluation of the variables indicates that Iranian goods enjoy market-product fit (0.85), good performance (0.41), relative reputation and validity (0.44), high reliability (0.36), good communication methods (0.34) and relative value (0.26). Finally, 88% prefer to purchase Iranian goods. The effect of 7 independent variables and purchase preferences are significant at (e < 0.05). The results of inferential statistics show that there is a significant relationship between willingness to purchase domestic and foreign goods. There is a significant difference between marketing methods and satisfaction among buyers of domestic and foreign goods as well. But, there is no significant difference between the customers' evaluation of product features and performance of domestic producers compared to the foreign ones. Finally, given that the majority of respondents considered marketing methods inappropriate, therefore, it's recommended that companies adopt new policies to better sell their products

Effects of different coatings, primers and additives on corrosion of steel rebars

In this research, methods of increasing the corrosion resistance of reinforced concrete were experimentally investigated. The study used silica fume and fly ash at optimized percentages of 10 and 25% by cement weight, polypropylene fibers at a ratio of 2.5% by volume of concrete, and a commercial corrosion inhibitor, 2-dimethylaminoethanol (Ferrogard 901), at 3% by cement weight. The corrosion resistance of three types of reinforcements, mild steel (STt37), AISI 304 stainless steel, and AISI 316 stainless steel, was investigated. The effects of various coatings, including hot-dip galvanizing, alkyd-based primer, zinc-rich epoxy primer, alkyd top coating, polyamide epoxy top coating, polyamide epoxy primer, polyurethane coatings, a double layer of alkyd primer and alkyd top coating, and a double layer of epoxy primer and alkyd top coating, were evaluated on the reinforcement surface. The corrosion rate of the reinforced concrete was determined through results of accelerated corrosion and pullout tests of steel-concrete bond joints and stereographic microscope images. The samples containing pozzolanic materials, the corrosion inhibitor, and a combination of the two showed significant improvement in corrosion resistance by 7.0, 11.4, and 11.9 times, respectively, compared to the control samples. The corrosion rate of mild steel, AISI 304, and AISI 316 decreased by 1.4, 2.4, and 2.9 times, respectively, compared to the control sample; however, the presence of polypropylene fibers reduced the corrosion resistance by 2.4 times compared to the control

Mobilizing Pakistani heritage, approaching marriage

This paper examines the ongoing significance of Pakistani heritage in the lives of young British Pakistani Muslims. Drawing upon interviews with 56 women and men, it explores the link between Pakistani heritage and young peoples’ lives, focusing upon marriage. Pakistani heritage is widely regarded as a constraint and an anachronism, which young people are jettisoning in favour of religious or secular identities: as Muslims, British, or both. This is a half-truth, at most. Some young people are turning away from Pakistaniness, but others are embracing and exploring versions and elements of this heritage as they make decisions about whether, when and whom to marry. Whether they are rejecting or embracing Pakistani heritage, young people are actively mobilizing the terms “Pakistan” and “Pakistani” as springboards from which to identify and make life choices. They are exploring possibilities rather than acknowledging inevitabilities, and approaching heritage as a resource rather than a constraint

Secularism, Racism and the Politics of Belonging

This collection of papers is a reflection of an ongoing debate about the relationships between religion, the citizen and the state. It is a debate that is far from settled, and indeed one which may be unsettling, but a debate which too often generates more heat than light. It is, however, a crucial discussion since it goes to the heart of our understanding of modern citizenship, the role of the state and the struggle for equality. Runnymede was especially pleased to partner with colleagues at the Centre for Refugees, Migration and Belonging (CRMB) at the University of East London in co-hosting the two conferences from which these papers are drawn. CRMB’s serious and engaged approach to relating political theory to political action enabled academics, commentators and practitioners to share a platform where disagreements were aired and constructive debate and discussion enabled. We hope that the conferences act as a model for the deliberations which are necessary to address the thorny challenges raised by the authors. Many of these disagreements are reflected in the papers presented here. The collected papers discuss faith-based schooling, the veil, honour based violence, religious arbitration, and the delivery of public services by faith communities. All of these issues remain very much alive in contemporary public policy debates in the UK and beyond

Empowerment and disempowerment: a comparative study of afro-caribbean, asian and white British women in their third age

Grant description: The majority of older people are women who now expect more from life than they have in the past. Yet, we have little knowledge about what they regard as quality of life and successful ageing, with the information which is available tending to ignore ethnic minority women. This research compares the views and experiences of older British women from different ethnic groups. It is based on in-depth interviews with able-bodied women of 60-75 years from Afro-Caribbean, Asian and white British backgrounds. The research aims to evaluate their quality of life, how this might successfully be extended and the implications of this for national and local policies. It will explore what women find rewarding and what debilitating, analyse coping strategies and how these might be enhanced and develop a model of the levels at which intervention and support might be most effectiv

Gender ethnicity and empowerment in later life

Studies of later life are increasingly emphasising its positive aspects as a time which is not necessarily linked to decline and dependency. Gender is also accepted as an important variable in the experience of advancing years. However, the significance of ethnicity is less often emphasised. Based on preliminary analyses from research with older women from a variety of ethnic backgrounds, this article focuses on what they identify as important in terms of living their later years. The article emphasises migration and cultural differences in perceptions of ageing. It concludes with a discussion of the meanings of empowerment