ANÁLISE DOS ASPECTOS GERAIS E AS ETAPAS DA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA INTEGRATIVA PARA PROFISSIONAIS DA SAÚDE

As the volume and complexity of health information continue to increase, it is essential to develop devices in the context of science-based research that define more concise method steps and provide professionals with better access to elucidated evidence. The Integrative Literature method is basically an evidence-based practice (EBP) tool. The origin of EBP is related to the work of epidemiologist Archie Cochrane, and is characterized by an approach directed towards clinical care and teaching based on knowledge and the quality of evidence. The authors of this study collected data from secondary sources through a bibliographical survey, which was complemented by their own experiences acquired in carrying out an integrative review. Conducting a bibliographical research is considered one of the most effective ways to start a study, as it allows identifying similarities and differences. To perform a comprehensive literature survey, the following databases were examined: LILACS and Medline. The search for reference works was carried out using the following descriptors and their combinations in Portuguese and English: methodology, methods, literature review, integrative review, nursing research and evidence-based health. The inclusion and exclusion criteria, established to determine which scientific works would be studied, consisted of the following modes: the works should have been published in English, Spanish or Portuguese; they should be complete articles pertaining to the specific theme of the integrative review; and must have been published and indexed in the relevant databases within the last decade. The evaluation of the chosen studies, with regard to their design, was carried out using the references developed by Polit, Beck, Hungler, Lo Biondo-Wood and Haber. The data collected in these studies were analyzed and synthesized together. the purpose of this study is to illustrate the various steps involved in an integrative review and the pertinent factors that must be taken into account. Therefore, using this crucial resource for methodological purposes is imperative.À medida que o volume e a complexidade da informação na área da saúde continuam a aumentar, é fundamental desenvolver dispositivos no contexto da investigação baseada na ciência que definam etapas do método mais concisas e proporcionem aos profissionais melhor acesso a evidências elucidadas. O método da Literatura integrativa é basicamente uma ferramenta de prática baseada em evidências (PBE). A origem da PBE está relacionada ao trabalho do epidemiologista Archie Cochrane, e caracteriza-se por uma abordagem direcionada para o atendimento clínico e no ensino baseado no conhecimento e na qualidade das evidências. Os autores deste estudo coletaram dados de fontes secundárias por meio de levantamento bibliográfico, que foi complementado por experiências próprias adquiridas na realização de uma revisão integrativa. A realização de uma pesquisa bibliográfica é considerada uma das formas mais eficazes de iniciar um estudo, pois permite identificar semelhanças e diferenças. Para realizar um levantamento abrangente da literatura, foram examinadas as seguintes bases de dados: LILACS e Medline. A busca de trabalhos de referência foi realizada utilizando os seguintes descritores e suas combinações em português e inglês: metodologia, métodos, revisão de literatura, revisão integrativa, pesquisa em enfermagem e saúde baseada em evidências. Os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, estabelecidos para determinar quais trabalhos científicos seriam estudados consistiram nos seguintes modos: os trabalhos deveriam ter sido publicados em inglês, espanhol ou português; deveriam ser artigos completos pertencentes ao tema específico da revisão integrativa; e devem ter sido publicados e indexados nas bases de dados relevantes na última década. A avaliação das pesquisas escolhidas, no que diz respeito ao seu desenho, foi realizada utilizando os referenciais desenvolvidos por Polit, Beck, Hungler, Lo Biondo-Wood e Haber. Os dados coletados nesses estudos foram analisados ​​e sintetizados em conjunto. o objetivo deste estudo é ilustrar as diversas etapas envolvidas em uma revisão integrativa e os fatores pertinentes que devem ser levados em consideração. Pois, utilizar este recurso crucial para fins metodológicos é imperativo

VIGILÂNCIA EM SAÚDE PÚBLICA: ANÁLISE EPIDEMIOLÓGICA DAS ÁGUAS RESIDUAIS, PÓS-COVID-19

The concept of wastewater epidemiology (Wastewater-Based Epidemiology - WBE) has the potential for significant advances for public health. By identifying biomarkers in sewage samples, disease monitoring techniques can be transformed, resulting in better decision making and rapid implementation of prevention, control and treatment interventions by health organizations. In view of this, the objective of this research was to identify and present the benefits and obstacles of wastewater epidemiology for disease monitoring and guide public health surveillance measures. The methodology employed in this research involved a thorough analysis of 10 scientific articles from the databases, Medline, Scielo, BVS and Pubmed. The articles, published between 2019 and 2023, provided valuable information on the importance of conducting wastewater epidemiological analyzes and their correlation with sanitary surveillance. As a result, the study showed that the analysis of biomarkers found in human excretion provides valuable information on a variety of aspects. This includes population estimates, early detection of infectious disease outbreaks, such as those caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus (Covid-19), drug consumption, adherence to prescribed pharmacological treatments, development of antimicrobial resistance, exposure to pollutants and harmful toxins, food safety. and disease mapping in the population. Thus, it is concluded that in a fast and economical way the life and well-being of the population, the incorporation and implementation of standardized and efficient procedures in various programs proved to be highly effective. The dependence of surveillance, especially in developing countries, is a topic of great interest.O conceito de epidemiologia em águas residuais do inglês, (Wastewater-Based Epidemiology – WBE) tem potencial para avanços significativos para a saúde pública. Ao identificar biomarcadores em amostras de esgoto, as técnicas de monitoramento de doenças podem ser transformadas, resultando em uma melhor tomada de decisão e na rápida implementação de intervenções de prevenção, controle e tratamento por parte das organizações de saúde. Diante disso, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi identificar e apresenta os benefícios e obstáculos da epidemiologia em águas residuais para o monitoramento de doenças e orientar medidas de vigilância da saúde pública. A metodologia empregada nesta pesquisa envolveu uma análise minuciosa de 10 artigos científicos provenientes das bases de dados, Medline, Scielo, BVS e Pubmed. Os artigos, publicados entre 2019 e 2023, forneceram informações valiosas sobre a importância da realização de análises epidemiológicas de águas residuais e sua correlação com a vigilância sanitária. Como resultado, o estudo mostrou que a análise de biomarcadores encontrados na excreção humana fornece informações valiosas sobre uma variedade de aspectos. Isto inclui estimativas populacionais, a detecção precoce de surtos de doenças infecciosas, como as causadas pelo vírus SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19), o consumo de medicamentos, a adesão aos tratamentos farmacológicos prescritos, o desenvolvimento de resistência antimicrobiana, a exposição a poluentes e toxinas prejudiciais, a segurança alimentar. e mapeamento da doença na população. Assim, conclui-se que forma rápida e econômica a vida e o bem-estar da população, a incorporação e implementação de procedimentos padronizados e eficientes em vários programas provou ser altamente eficaz. A dependência da vigilância, especialmente nos países em desenvolvimento, é um tema de grande interesse

ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest

Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans—anteaters, sloths, and armadillos—have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths. Our data set includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the southern United States, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to the austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n = 5,941), and Cyclopes sp. have the fewest (n = 240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n = 11,588), and the fewest data are recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n = 33). With regard to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n = 962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n = 12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other data sets of Neotropical Series that will become available very soon (i.e., Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans data set. Please cite this data paper when using its data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using these data

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data