The Quality Analysis of the Thermal Sprayed Deposited Layers by Electronically Microscopy

The analysis performed by electronically microscopy lead to obtain the experimental data under tabular form. A linear chemical quantitative analysis over a 228.87 µm length was made of on a microscopically image at 250x magnification. The number of points where analyze was made of is 512. Due to the higher number of points which were used for marking of these curves, the interpretation is difficult. Therefore, is necessary an additional assessment processing of these curves which can permit the interpretation of the quantitative chemical analysis. Among the processing versions of the curves, the average for a number of values, choose dependent on the follow purpose, lead to some curves which permit the interpretation of the results

Mechanical Tests of the Dissimilar Welded Samples by Friction

The paper presents the experimental achievement of heterogeneous joints, with dissimilar materials, as well as the analysis of these joints by mechanical and metallographic tests. After traction testing of the specimens, it was found that breaking occurred each time in the area of the base material, which leads to the conclusion that the strength of the welded joints is above the resistance of the base materials used

Comparison of the performance of friction pendulums with uniform and variable radii

The paper presents research done by means of numerical simulation on a rigid structure isolated with friction pendulums. To this aim, we design friction pendulums which differ by the shape and dimension of the cylindrical sliding surface, respectively by the friction coefficients. Our target was to find out how the structure responds to a given excitation when the structure is equipped with diverse friction pendulums. A sinusoidal excitation with the frequency of 1 Hz is applied and the response in terms of displacements is captured. We found that the frequency of the structure does not change with the FP radius but the amplitude of the displacement is strongly dependent on this parameter. Because the circular and elliptical sections of the FP provide the structure with different natural frequencies, the resonance is achieved at other radii

Preliminary studies of new Ti alloys with different Mo content

This work aims to investigate the mechanical characteristics and biocompatibility of two novel titanium alloys, Ti15Mo7Zr15Ta1Si and Ti20Mo7Zr15Ta0,75Si.These samples have previously undergone cutting, grinding, polishing, and chipping. The studied samples were subjected to electrochemical, metallographic and corrosion behavior. Ti15Mo7Zr15Ta1Si and Ti20Mo7Zr15Ta0.75Si, the study samples, have demonstrated high corrosion potentials, lower corrosion rates, and consequently higher corrosion resistance. In summary, this study's data indicates that both alloys exhibit good corrosion behavior

Atrasentan and renal events in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease (SONAR): a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial

Background: Short-term treatment for people with type 2 diabetes using a low dose of the selective endothelin A receptor antagonist atrasentan reduces albuminuria without causing significant sodium retention. We report the long-term effects of treatment with atrasentan on major renal outcomes. Methods: We did this double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial at 689 sites in 41 countries. We enrolled adults aged 18–85 years with type 2 diabetes, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)25–75 mL/min per 1·73 m 2 of body surface area, and a urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR)of 300–5000 mg/g who had received maximum labelled or tolerated renin–angiotensin system inhibition for at least 4 weeks. Participants were given atrasentan 0·75 mg orally daily during an enrichment period before random group assignment. Those with a UACR decrease of at least 30% with no substantial fluid retention during the enrichment period (responders)were included in the double-blind treatment period. Responders were randomly assigned to receive either atrasentan 0·75 mg orally daily or placebo. All patients and investigators were masked to treatment assignment. The primary endpoint was a composite of doubling of serum creatinine (sustained for ≥30 days)or end-stage kidney disease (eGFR <15 mL/min per 1·73 m 2 sustained for ≥90 days, chronic dialysis for ≥90 days, kidney transplantation, or death from kidney failure)in the intention-to-treat population of all responders. Safety was assessed in all patients who received at least one dose of their assigned study treatment. The study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01858532. Findings: Between May 17, 2013, and July 13, 2017, 11 087 patients were screened; 5117 entered the enrichment period, and 4711 completed the enrichment period. Of these, 2648 patients were responders and were randomly assigned to the atrasentan group (n=1325)or placebo group (n=1323). Median follow-up was 2·2 years (IQR 1·4–2·9). 79 (6·0%)of 1325 patients in the atrasentan group and 105 (7·9%)of 1323 in the placebo group had a primary composite renal endpoint event (hazard ratio [HR]0·65 [95% CI 0·49–0·88]; p=0·0047). Fluid retention and anaemia adverse events, which have been previously attributed to endothelin receptor antagonists, were more frequent in the atrasentan group than in the placebo group. Hospital admission for heart failure occurred in 47 (3·5%)of 1325 patients in the atrasentan group and 34 (2·6%)of 1323 patients in the placebo group (HR 1·33 [95% CI 0·85–2·07]; p=0·208). 58 (4·4%)patients in the atrasentan group and 52 (3·9%)in the placebo group died (HR 1·09 [95% CI 0·75–1·59]; p=0·65). Interpretation: Atrasentan reduced the risk of renal events in patients with diabetes and chronic kidney disease who were selected to optimise efficacy and safety. These data support a potential role for selective endothelin receptor antagonists in protecting renal function in patients with type 2 diabetes at high risk of developing end-stage kidney disease. Funding: AbbVie

Canagliflozin and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes and nephropathy

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of kidney failure worldwide, but few effective long-term treatments are available. In cardiovascular trials of inhibitors of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2), exploratory results have suggested that such drugs may improve renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS In this double-blind, randomized trial, we assigned patients with type 2 diabetes and albuminuric chronic kidney disease to receive canagliflozin, an oral SGLT2 inhibitor, at a dose of 100 mg daily or placebo. All the patients had an estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of 30 to &lt;90 ml per minute per 1.73 m2 of body-surface area and albuminuria (ratio of albumin [mg] to creatinine [g], &gt;300 to 5000) and were treated with renin–angiotensin system blockade. The primary outcome was a composite of end-stage kidney disease (dialysis, transplantation, or a sustained estimated GFR of &lt;15 ml per minute per 1.73 m2), a doubling of the serum creatinine level, or death from renal or cardiovascular causes. Prespecified secondary outcomes were tested hierarchically. RESULTS The trial was stopped early after a planned interim analysis on the recommendation of the data and safety monitoring committee. At that time, 4401 patients had undergone randomization, with a median follow-up of 2.62 years. The relative risk of the primary outcome was 30% lower in the canagliflozin group than in the placebo group, with event rates of 43.2 and 61.2 per 1000 patient-years, respectively (hazard ratio, 0.70; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.59 to 0.82; P=0.00001). The relative risk of the renal-specific composite of end-stage kidney disease, a doubling of the creatinine level, or death from renal causes was lower by 34% (hazard ratio, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.81; P&lt;0.001), and the relative risk of end-stage kidney disease was lower by 32% (hazard ratio, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.54 to 0.86; P=0.002). The canagliflozin group also had a lower risk of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke (hazard ratio, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.67 to 0.95; P=0.01) and hospitalization for heart failure (hazard ratio, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.47 to 0.80; P&lt;0.001). There were no significant differences in rates of amputation or fracture. CONCLUSIONS In patients with type 2 diabetes and kidney disease, the risk of kidney failure and cardiovascular events was lower in the canagliflozin group than in the placebo group at a median follow-up of 2.62 years

The Block Diagram for the Synchronous Motors used for the Compensation of the Reactive Power

The optimal control system for the compensation of the reactive power in an energetic consumer assembly is presented, containing one or more synchronous motors, connected to the same power bars in parallel, including asynchronous motors and static converters. The compensation of the reactive power absorbed from the system by the consumers is possible, using a optimal control system that controls the reactive power provided on the bars by the synchronous motors on condition that the power losses in the created whole are zero. A limited functional block diagram of the synchronous motor, which is the controlled object completed with the control circuits of the exciting tension and current is obtained having as set value the sum of all reactive currents of the consumers from the power assembly. The optimization is obtained using the module criterion of Kessler

Air Compressor Driving with Synchronous Motors at Optimal Parameters

In this paper a method of optimal compensation of the reactive load by the synchronous motors, driving the air compressors, used in mining enterprises is presented, taking into account that in this case, the great majority of the equipment (compressors, pumps) are generally working a constant load

The Compensation of the Reactive Power with Synchronous Motor

An optimal control system for the compensation of the reactive power in an energetic consumer assembly is presented, containing one or more synchronous motors, connected to the same power bars in parallel, including synchronous motors and static converters. The compensa-tion of the reactive power absorbed from the system by the consumers is possible, using a optimal control system that controls the reactive power provided on the bars by the synchronous motors on condition that the power losses in the created whole are zero. A limited functional block diagram of the synchronous motor, which is the controlled object completed with the control circuits of the exciting tension and current is obtained having as set value the sum of all reactive currents of the consumers from the power assembly. The optimization is obtained using the module criterion of Kessler

Optimal System for the Compensation of the Reactive Power with Synchronous Motors

In the activity of some factories that use synchronous motors it’s nec-essary to chose and maintain the most rational value of the reactive power provided by the synchronous motors. In the context of the reduction of the energy consumption and knowing that the power of the synchronous motors is relatively great in the air compressor stations, the approach of the optimal regime of functioning of the synchronous motors, concerning the energy consumption, is necessary. Considering the synchronous motors together with the other consumers fed from the same bars and the feeder cable a functional utility, in the paper as optimising is presented the working regime that assures, on the defined above assembly, the minimal losses of energy