196,265 research outputs found
Exploring the Local Grammar of Evaluation: The Case of Adjectival Patterns in American and Italian Judicial Discourse
Based on a 2-million word bilingual comparable corpus of American and Italian judgments, this paper tests the applicability of a local grammar to study evaluative phraseology in judicial discourse in English and Italian. In particular, the study compares the use of two patterns: v-link + ADJ + that pattern / copula + ADJ + che and v-link + ADJ + to-infinitive pattern / copula + ADJ + verbo all’infinito in the disciplinary genre of criminal judgments delivered by the US Supreme Court and the Italian Corte Suprema di Cassazione. It is argued that these two patterns represent a viable and efficient diagnostic tool for retrieving instances of evaluative language and they represent an ideal starting point and a relevant unit of analysis for a cross-language analysis of evaluation in domainrestricted specialised discourse. Further, the findings provided shed light on important interactions occurring among major interactants involved in the judicial discourse
A divisibility result on combinatorics of generalized braids
For every finite Coxeter group , each positive braids in the
corresponding braid group admits a unique decomposition as a finite sequence of
elements of , the so-called Garside-normal form.The study of the
associated adjacency matrix allows to count the number of
Garside-normal form of a given length.In this paper we prove that the
characteristic polynomial of divides the one of . The
key point is the use of a Hopf algebra based on signed permutations. A similar
result was already known for the type . We observe that this does not hold
for type . The other Coxeter types (, , and ) are also studied.Comment: 28 page
Biomarker analyses of clinical outcomes in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated with Sorafenib with or without Erlotinib in the SEARCH Trial
Purpose: Sorafenib is the current standard therapy for advanced HCC, but validated
biomarkers predicting clinical outcomes are lacking. This study aimed to identify biomarkers
predicting prognosis and/or response to sorafenib, with or without erlotinib, in HCC patients from
the phase 3 SEARCH trial.
Experimental Design: 720 patients were randomized to receive oral sorafenib 400 mg BID plus
erlotinib 150 mg QD or placebo. Fifteen growth factors relevant to the treatment regimen and/or
to HCC were measured in baseline plasma samples.
Results: Baseline plasma biomarkers were measured in 494 (69%) patients (sorafenib plus
erlotinib, n=243; sorafenib plus placebo, n=251). Treatment arm–independent analyses showed
that elevated HGF (HR, 1.687 [high vs low expression]; endpoint multiplicity adjusted [e-adj]
P=0.0001) and elevated plasma VEGF-A (HR, 1.386; e-adj P=0..0377) were significantly
associated with poor OS in multivariate analyses, and low plasma KIT (HR, 0.75 [high vs low];
P=0.0233; e-adj P=0.2793) tended to correlate with poorer OS. High plasma VEGF-C
independently correlated with longer TTP (HR, 0.633; e-adj P=0.0010) and trended toward
associating with improved disease control rate (univariate:OR, 2.047; P=0.030; e-adj P=0.420).
In 67% of evaluable patients (339/494), a multimarker signature of HGF, VEGF-A, KIT, epigen,
and VEGF-C correlated with improved median OS in multivariate analysis (HR, 0.150;
P<0.00001). No biomarker predicted efficacy from erlotinib.
Conclusions: Baseline plasma HGF, VEGF-A, KIT, and VEGF-C correlated with clinical
outcomes in HCC patients treated with sorafenib with or without erlotinib. These biomarkers
plus epigen constituted a multimarker signature for improved OS
Ideals associated to two sequences and a matrix
Let \u_{1\times n}, \X_{n\times n}, and \v_{n\times 1} be matrices of
indeterminates, \Adj \X be the classical adjoint of \X, and be the
ideal I_1(\u\X)+I_1(\X\v)+I_1(\v\u-\Adj \X). Vasconcelos has conjectured that
is a perfect Gorenstein ideal of grade . In this paper, we obtain
the minimal free resolution of ; and thereby establish Vasconcelos'
conjecture
Can one factor the classical adjoint of a generic matrix?
Let k be a field, n a positive integer, X a generic nxn matrix over k (i.e.,
a matrix (x_{ij}) of n^2 independent indeterminates over the polynomial ring
k[x_{ij}]), and adj(X) its classical adjoint. It is shown that if char k=0 and
n is odd, then adj(X) is not the product of two noninvertible nxn matrices over
k[x_{ij}]. If n is even and >2, a restricted class of nontrivial factorizations
occur. The nonzero-characteristic case remains open.
The operation adj on matrices arises from the (n-1)st exterior power functor
on modules; the same question can be posed for matrix operations arising from
other functors.Comment: Revised version contains answer to "even n" question left open in
original version. (Answer due to Buchweitz & Leuschke; simple proof in this
note.) Copy at http://math.berkeley.edu/~gbergman/papers will always have
latest version; revisions sent to arXiv only for major change
Data types
A Mathematical
interpretation is given to the notion of a data type.
The main novelty is in the generality of the mathematical treatment
which allows procedural data types and circularly defined data types.
What is meant by data type is pretty close to what any computer
scientist would understand by this term or by data structure, type,
mode, cluster, class. The mathematical treatment is the conjunction
of the ideas of D. Scott on the solution of domain equations (Scott
(71), (72) and (76)) and the initiality property noticed by the
ADJ group (ADJ (75), ADJ (77)). The present work adds operations
to the data types proposed by Scott and generalizes the data types
of ADJ to procedural types and arbitrary circular type definitions.
The advantages of a mathematical interpretation of data types are
those of mathematical semantics in general : throwing light on some
ill-understood constructs in high-level programming languages, easing
the task of writing correct programs and making possible proofs of
correctness for programs or implementations"
Volume independence in large Nc QCD-like gauge theories
Volume independence in large \Nc gauge theories may be viewed as a
generalized orbifold equivalence. The reduction to zero volume (or Eguchi-Kawai
reduction) is a special case of this equivalence. So is temperature
independence in confining phases. In pure Yang-Mills theory, the failure of
volume independence for sufficiently small volumes (at weak coupling) due to
spontaneous breaking of center symmetry, together with its validity above a
critical size, nicely illustrate the symmetry realization conditions which are
both necessary and sufficient for large \Nc orbifold equivalence. The
existence of a minimal size below which volume independence fails also applies
to Yang-Mills theory with antisymmetric representation fermions [QCD(AS)].
However, in Yang-Mills theory with adjoint representation fermions [QCD(Adj)],
endowed with periodic boundary conditions, volume independence remains valid
down to arbitrarily small size. In sufficiently large volumes, QCD(Adj) and
QCD(AS) have a large \Nc ``orientifold'' equivalence, provided charge
conjugation symmetry is unbroken in the latter theory. Therefore, via a
combined orbifold-orientifold mapping, a well-defined large \Nc equivalence
exists between QCD(AS) in large, or infinite, volume and QCD(Adj) in
arbitrarily small volume. Since asymptotically free gauge theories, such as
QCD(Adj), are much easier to study (analytically or numerically) in small
volume, this equivalence should allow greater understanding of large \Nc QCD
in infinite volume.Comment: 32 pages, 4 figure
Nonperturbative equation of state of quark-gluon plasma. Applications
The vacuum-driven nonperturbative factors for quark and gluon Green's
functions are shown to define the nonperturbative dynamics of QGP in the
leading approximation. EoS obtained recently in the framework of this approach
is compared in detail with known lattice data for including ,
, . The basic role in the dynamics at
T\la 3T_c is played by the factors which are approximately equal to the
modulus of Polyakov line for quark and gluon . The
properties of are derived from field correlators and compared to lattice
data, in particular the Casimir scaling property follows in the Gaussian approximation
valid for small vacuum correlation lengths. Resulting curves for ,
, are in a reasonable agreement with
lattice data, the remaining difference points out to an effective attraction
among QGP constituents.Comment: 20 pages, 6 figure
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