21st century permafrost distribution under the scenario of RCP2.6 and RCP8.5 in Mongolia

Permafrost in Mongolia is at the southern edge of the Siberian permafrost, which is most vulnerable to climate change. In this study, we used ERA5-Land data to determine the distribution of permafrost in Mongolia, and used MIROC5 data for future projection of the soil temperature. The future change of soil temperature obtained during 2020–2100 under Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) scenarios was RCP 2.6 and RCP 8.5 respectively. This is a first attempt to identify the distribution of permafrost using ERA5-Land data in Mongolia. We examined the projection of permafrost distribution using RCP 2.6 and RCP 8.5 scenarios in Mongolia. The rapid increase of near-surface temperature was obtained in RCP8.5 scenario during 2020-2100. Soil temperature also has a high increasing trend similar to the near-surface temperature in the RCP 8.5 scenario. Future projection suggests that permafrost will completely thaw in Mongolia when area-averaged soil temperature in Mongolia exceeds 1.8°C in comparison with the current climate

Molecular Epidemiological Study of Bacillus anthracis Isolated in Mongolia by Multiple-Locus Variable-Number Tandem-Repeat Analysis for 8 Loci (MLVA-8)

SUMMARY: The incidence of anthrax, which is caused by Bacillus anthracis, in the human and animal population of Mongolia has increased recently, and control of this infection is a nationwide concern. In this study, 29 isolates obtained from animals and various regions in Mongolia from 2001 to 2007 were analyzed by performing multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis for 8 loci (MLVA-8) to understand the genetic relationship between the Mongolian B. anthracis isolates. We found that all the Mongolian isolates can be classified into A3 cluster along with the Japanese and the Chinese B. anthracis isolates. Our data revealed that MLVA-8 is useful for studying the molecular epidemiology of the Mongolian B. anthracis isolates and would help characterize B. anthracis infections in Mongolia