Influence of Psycho-Demographic Variables on Psychological Well-Being of Undergraduates of Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State

The study investigated the influence of emotional intelligence on psychological well being of undergraduates as well as determined influence of demographic variables on psychological well being of undergraduates. The study adopted a descriptive survey design. The sample consisted of 480 undergraduates selected from six selected faculties out of the thirteen Faculties in Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, using convenience sampling technique. Two adapted instruments titled “Ryff’s Scale of Psychological Well-Being (RSP)” and “Questionnaire on Students’ Emotional Intelligence (QSEI)” were used to collect information from the students. The reliability tests of the instruments used were Spearman Brown Coefficients and Spearman Brown Split-half reliability tests for RSP yielded results of 0.81 and 0.90 while that, of QSEI had 0.85 and 0.80. Descriptive statistics and chi-square statistics were employed to analyse the data. The results showed that 95% of the undergraduates had high level of psychological well being. There was a significant influence of levels of emotional intelligence on psychological well being of undergraduates (χ2 = 0. 577 at p < 0.05). Furthermore, the results showed a significant influence of each of sex (χ2 = 0. 786; p < 0.05) and place of residence (χ2 = 0.624 at p = < 0.05) on psychological well being of undergraduates. However, there was no significant influence of age range on psychological well being of undergraduates (χ2 = 0. 365; p > 0.05). It was concluded that most undergraduates possessed high level of emotional intelligence and that had predisposed to high psychological well being

The Theatre of the Indigenous Tradition in Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart

There are basically three theories that explain the origin of the Nigerian theatre. Each of these theories represents a theatre tradition, and all these three theatre traditions exist side by side in Contemporary Nigerian society. One of these theories is the ritual and festival origin theory which states that Nigerian theatre developed from the rituals and festivals of the people. This theory stands for the ritual traditional theatre tradition. This is what is referred to as theatre of the indigenous tradition in this study.This paper examines the theatre of the indigenous tradition in Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart. It focuses on the peculiarities of this theatre which characterize the work of art under study. It identifies and analyses the three different categories in which this indigenous theatre is found within the context of this work of art. It, then, concludes that there are certain activities in Achebe’s Things Fall Apart that are either purely theatrical or have elements of theatre.  

Public Interest Litigation (PIL) as Strategic Legal Mechanism on Women’s Socio-Economic Rights in Nigeria: Making a Case for Girl Child Education

The percentage of girl child illiteracy is higher in girls than boys in Africa. This is particularly so in Nigeria. It is trite that Girl-child issues are generally confined within women’sright in Nigeria. As important as education isto life and humanity, it however falls under socio economic rights in Nigeria, which by virtue of the interpretation of constitutional provisions are argued as non-justiciable. Hence, accessing education for the girl child as a justice system or mechanism has been a challenge in the country. In recent times, some countries have directed public Interest litigation into fighting some socio-economic issues. This is a development which has not been practiced earlier and success is being recorded. It can be said that Public Interest litigation has been able to deal particularly with the challenge of locus standi which hasto do with the opportunity of accessing justice on some rights issues. Focusing on girl-child education in Nigeria, as a socio-economic rights issue to which access to justice is a challenge and to which legal strategic mechanism can bring a change is a positive one. The paper looks at the impact of African girl child illiteracy at this time in the global environment for sustainable development, the legal impediments to accessing justice on socio economic rights; recent legal mechanisms as best practices of getting socioeconomic rights enforced in some developed countries; innovative and emerging ways of its realization and enforcement in Nigeria. It proffers suggestions on legal and strategic litigation introduction or enhancement mechanism, the challenges if any and the gains more importantly of the public litigation procedure. The paper attempts a desktop and library-based approach in a comparative analysis of legal framework, policies on education, literature review of existing scholarship, case study on strategic litigation in some jurisdictions on socio economic rights and applies it to suggest Public Interest Litigation PIL for girl child education in Nigeria. The paper is germane for women’s right advancement, law and or policy reform and citizen empowerment in Nigeria and Africa at large

Closure in Surface Flux Estimation by Energy Balance Model: Comparison of Priestly-Taylor and Penman-Monteith Computations for a Tropical Site in Ibadan

Increasing demand to further understand complexity in surface energy flux partitioning necessitates the adaptation of numerous estimation methods to fit the site of observation. This is useful for reducing the uncertainty in physically measurable parameters especially those in tropical regions with high human interference in the atmospheric boundary layer. In this study, we used computations from two methods - the Priestley-Taylor (PT) and the Penman-Monteith (PM), based on the Energy Balance model to ascertain closure performance in the surface flux estimations. The study was carried out at the Nigerian Meteorological Experiment III site (7.38oN and 3.93oE, 224.2m) located in Ibadan, Southwest Nigeria. Thirty days of a year (2006) dataset were examined using the Bowen ratio (BR) energy balance model to validate the PT and PM methods. The systems were examined across daily and diurnal cycles to better understand the differences in energy partitioning. Results showed that both systems generally favored latent heat flux compared to sensible heat flux perhaps due to above-normal rainfall during the period. The PM method performed better than the PT method with a period average for the sensible heat and latent heat fluxes as 32.05 Wm-2 and 67.66 Wm-2 respectively, accounting for 29.22% and 61.39% of the total net radiation. The PT method underestimates the sensible heat flux by as much as 19.70 Wm-2 compared to the PM method, with a period average of 12.36 Wm-2 representing 11.26% of total net radiation. The PM method also gives a period average Bowen ratio estimate of 0.55, consistent with the standard range for grasslands. The study suggests that the performance of the PM method is related to its response to heat and water vapor transfer over humid regions and would contribute to further research on land-surface interactions over the tropics. Finally, we propose that the measurement of available energy, net radiation, and ground heat flux should be separated for different collocated systems in order to reduce the forcing of closure and aid in proper partitioning of the fluxes. Keywords: surface energy flux, energy balance model, Priestly-Taylor, Penman-Monteith, West Africa, latent heat, sensible heat, NIMEX_3 DOI: 10.7176/JEES/11-5-05 Publication date:May 31st 202

A Study on the Corrosion Inhibition Effect of Hexamethylene Tetramine on Welded API 5L X70 Steel in E10 Fuel Ethanol Environment

The inhibition effect of hexamethylenetetramine (HT) in E10 environment for the corrosion protection of welded API 5L X70 pipeline steel was examined using immersion tests. Welded samples of API-5L X70 steel of dimension 30 mm x 15 mm were immersed into E-10 fuel ethanol containing hexamethylenetetramine concentration of (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8) g and the control for a minimum of 4 days and a maximum of 28 days. Analysis was done using mass loss, corrosion rate, inhibitor efficiency and ANOVA test. From the mass loss and corrosion rate analysis, it was observed that 0.2g HT, which was the lowest concentration of inhibitor, proved best for inhibiting corrosion at 24 days

Foreign Direct Investment, Economic Growth and Financial Sector Development in Small Open Developing Economies

The present paper examines the causal linkage between foreign direct investment(FDI) and economic growth - in Cote’ d’Ivoire, Gambia, Ghana, Nigeria and Sierra Leone – with financial development accounted for over the period 1970-2005 within a trivariate framework which applies Granger causality tests in a vector error correction(VEC) setting. Three alternative measures of financial sector development - total liquid liabilities, total banking sector credit and credit to the private sector – were employed to capture different ramifications of financial intermediation. Our results support the view that the extent of financial sophistication matters for the benefits of foreign direct investment to register on economic growth in Ghana, Gambia and Sierra Leone depending on the financial indicator used. Nigeria, on the other hand, displays no evidence of any short- or long-run causal flow from FDI to growth with financial deepening accompanying. In sum, therefore, what should be of utmost urgency is concerted efforts in most of these countries, which have typically been in the throes of economic reforms, to upgrade their financial structure to better position them to reap the desirable growth promoting effects of FDI flows.Financial development; Foreign direct investment; Vector error correction; Economic growth; Economic reforms

Traditional/Alternative Medicine: An Investigation into Identification, Knowledge and Consumption Practices of Herbal Medicine among Students with Hearing Impairment in Ibadan, South-Western Nigeria

The use of traditional medicine as alternative or complimentary therapy is gaining prominence in primary health care worldwide. This is because of the efficacy in the management of mild, chronic seemingly incurable ailments/diseases. Though the publicity is on the increase from country to country in the world, however, one cannot conclude that the information has reached all classes of people. This study therefore investigated identification, knowledge and consumption practice of herbal medicine among the hearing-impaired. The study adopted survey research design. A total of 50 students with hearing impairment were selected from different locations in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. Traditional medicinal inventory was used to collect data with reliabilities of 0.72, 0.80 and 0.67 respectively based on perception, knowledge and consumption practices. Two research questions were answered and two hypotheses tested. Result revealed wrong perception and low knowledge of traditional/alternative therapy. Also, there was no significant difference in the identification and consumption practice and no significant influence of religion on consumption practice among the respondents. Based on the results, it is recommended that proper education should be given to students with hearing impairment about traditional medicine. Keywords: Alternative medicine, Students, Hearing-impaired, Cultural belief, Nigeri

Commercial locations and social deprivation: a critical assessment of alleged anti-social retailers' locations and socio-economic deprivation in England

Critics opine that there is a concentration of gambling, payday loans, high yield interest lenders and rent-to-own outlets (referred to in this thesis as alleged anti-social retailers (AASRs) because of the controversial services they offer) in deprived communities. Critics further allege that these concentrations are deliberately targeted at deprived communities. Unfortunately, this notion of deliberate motive lacks adequate empirical evidence. In addition, a comparison of the location preferences of these AASRs and a more conventional retail group which would adequately address this notion of deliberate targeting is regrettably missing. Accordingly, this thesis carried out a critical comparative analysis of the relationship between AASR and food and grocery retail (FGR) locations in relation to neighbourhood socio-economic deprivation in England and developed a synoptic model that best fits AASR locations. The project used advanced spatial and statistical techniques to actualise the aim of the research. This research undertook a two-phase analysis to critically compare the location preferences of AASRs and FGRs at neighbourhood scale. Phase 1 examined the relationship by carrying out a nationwide study which compared patterns of AASRs and FGRs along the different socio-economic dimensions in England using the English Index of Multiple Deprivation 2015 and three of its sub-domains (i.e. income, employment and education, skills and training deprivation domains). Methods employed include hotspot analysis, Spearman correlation and binomial logistic regression. The results reveal prevalence of AASR and FGR outlets in the most deprived and moderately deprived neighbourhoods respectively across income, employment and education deprivation. Even after accounting for differing levels of commercialisation, AASRs were more prevalent in deprived localities, whereas, FGRs were prevalent in affluent neighbourhoods. The Phase 2 of the study critically compared the location of AASRs and FGRs across socioeconomic aspects in Leeds, Nottingham and Bristol to further unravel complexities in their similarities and differences and further develop a series of models that best fits AASR locations. The results show that although neighbourhood socio-economic characteristic positively influence the location of both retail groups, the effect is more pronounced with AASRs. Results further identified that neighbourhood characteristics alone do not explain the supply of AASRs

Knowledge Sharing Attitudes of Library and Information Science Professionals in Nigeria

Knowledge sharing in an organization nowadays has been a strong force toward attaining organizational goals. Library and Information Science (LIS) professionals are at the forefront of information gathering and dissemination, and at such, knowledge sharing among such professionals needs to be investigated.  The study examined the attitudes of LIS professionals in Nigeria toward knowledge sharing; and they comprised the population of the study in this research. The responses were collated through online survey using Google forms; the link was posted on Nigerian Library Association online platform and WhatsApp groups of all the library professionals in Nigeria, given a timeframe of two weeks for data collection.  Descriptive statistics was employed for data analysis. Ninety-four responses were recorded within a space of two weeks.  The results revealed that the attitudes of LIS professionals to knowledge sharing with a grand mean score of 4.5, which indicated positive attitudes. The avenue for knowledge sharing varies significantly from Conferences, Seminars, Face-to-face with social media platforms. Also, years of work experience was found to have significant influence on intrinsic motivational factors to sustain knowledge sharing attitudes of the professionals in library and information science specialty in Nigeria. The second hypothesis was also rejected for the acceptance of the alternative hypothesis that states that extrinsic motivation has significant influence on knowledge sharing attitudes of library and information science professionals in Nigeria. Therefore, the study recommends, among, others that a mentoring programme be established for peer-to-peer and promotion of knowledge sharing should further be strengthened. Keywords: Extrinsic motivation, Intrinsic motivational factors, Knowledge sharing attitudes, Knowledge sharing, Library and Information Science Professionals, Nigeria. DOI: 10.7176/IKM/11-1-01 Publication date: January 31st 202