Associated Factors Mitigating Undergraduate Students of Ekiti State University, Ado – Ekiti , Nigeria Into Risky Sexual Behavior

The study examined the associated factors related to risky sexual behavior among undergraduate students. Four hundred students aged 15-24 years (mean age 21.3years, SD 0.85) were recruited from Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria and completed personally administered questionnaire on parental rejection; peer group; depression; exposure to pornography and self-esteem. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used. Descriptive statistics of frequency counts and simple percentage was used to analyze demographic data of the respondents, findings shows that 66.1% were between 15-19 years and 33.9% were between 20-24 years, this reflection that they were relatively young and sexually actives, this is confirmed by the National Demography Survey Data ( NDHS) which revealed that more than half (66.1%) of adolescents’ aged 15-19 were sexually active (NPC, 2009).  Inferential statistics of linear regression was used to analyze the data collected and findings indicated that parental rejection F-ratio was 2.305, P<0.05; peer group F-ratio was 2.503, P<0.05; depression F-ratio was 2.103, P<0.05; exposure to pornography F-ratio was 2.004, P<0.05 and self-esteem F-ratio was 2.201, P<0.05. Parental behavior and peer influence were the most mitigating variables associated with risky sexual behavior among undergraduate students. This paper call for peers to create a sense of normative behavior in which early debut, having multiple sexual partners, and inconsistent condom use may be supported or rejected by peers, thus becoming a peer group norm and comprehensive sex education programs that provide necessary sexual health knowledge about safe sex should be developed and implemented in Nigeria universities. Keywords: Adolescents, Parental, Peers, Pornography, Depression, self-esteem

Miocene-Pliocene Vegetation and Climate Dynamics of the Niger Delta Basin Based on Palynological Signatures

The palaeoclimate is interpreted on the basis of the identified palynomorphs in the light of their ecological preferences.The problem of how to recognize the effect of changes in climate in the stratigraphical distribution patterns of the many species studied was approached in a direct way by botanical identification of fossil pollen and spore types with the extant parent plants or nearest living relatives, which have well-defined climatological tolerances. The Miocene-Pliocene Paleoenvironment in the southwestern offshore of the Niger Delta  fluctuates from marginal marine (inner shelf) and swampy freshwater to slightly brackish water environment in a humid condition. Regional climate is interpreted as warm and humid, with mangrove communities dominating. Keywords: Paleoclimate, Palynomorphs, Vegetation, Niger delta, Miocene-Pliocen

Analysis of the dynamics of the system of nonlinear differential equations describing a tubular reactor

A characterization of the solution(s) of nonlinear boundary value problems (BVPs) arising from a class of chemical reactions occurring in a adiabatic tubular reactor when the mass and thermal Peclet numbers are different is performed. Results show that for large Peclet numbers and activation energy, and for sufficiently small Damkohler number and reactor length, the solution to the BVP is unique. While for small Peclet numbers and activation energy, and for large Damkohler number and reactor length, there exist at least three solutions to the BVP. The conclusion is that the number of solution (s) for the BVP depends on the choice of parameter values. Likewise, the first set of parameter values listed above models the adiabatic plug flow reactor, while the other parameter set models the adiabatic continuous stirred tank reactor

The Politics of States\', Local Governments\' Creation and Nigeria\'s Search for Geo-Political Balancing

Undoubtedly, one of the major absurdities of Nigerian federalism well noted in the extant literature which has also been responsible for her convoluting character is structural imbalance. This paper took a cursory look at this anomaly in line with Mill's law of federal stability. The paper reviewed all previous attempts at both state and locality creation exercises till date. The paper however inferred that it is imperative that the challenge of geo-political balancing is resolved if the polity will be stabilized. Keywords: Federalism, Ethnic-minorities, Geo-politics, State Creation, Local-Government.African Research Review Vol. 2 (3) 2008: pp. 334-36

Living without the State: A Rear View Mirror of Nigeria\u27s 50 Years of Independence

The purpose of this analysis is twofold. First, it undertakes a critical review of Nigeria’s performance within the five decades of its nationhood. Second, it compares its performance vis-à-vis a number of new states which started almost at the same time in both Africa and Asia using basic economic and political indicators. The article, however, infers that Nigerian political-economic performance is appalling, which has subjected citizens to living almost without the state in all ramifications. For a balanced view, the analysis argues that although there are few giant strides in terms of educational development and reduction in infant mortality as a result of improved health facilities, the gap between intent and actual practices is still very wide. The analysis recommends that the policymakers should visualize the next five decades and formulate appropriate reforms so that Nigeria may not eventually become a failed state

ORGANIZATIONAL CONFLICT: A CONTEXTUAL EXPLORATION

This paper examines the concept, causes, classes, consequences and control of organizational conflict. The study discovered that like many other areas of academic endeavor, conflict generates considerable ambivalence and leaves many managers and scholars quite uncertain about its meaning, sources or causes, typologies, effects and remedy. Thus, this study covers the definition of conflict, causes of conflicts in an organizational setting and classifications of organizational conflicts. Other issues discussed are positive and negative consequences of organizational conflicts and steps that are needed to be taken in order to manage, minimize and solve organizational conflicts. This will help in extending the frontier of knowledge in this area of academic discipline

Analysis of Impact of National Fadama Development Projects on Beneficiaries Income and Wealth in FCT, Nigeria

This study evaluates the impact of Fadama III project on income and wealth of beneficiary farmers in FCT. Gwagwalada Area Council was selected for the study. The methodology adopted includes descriptive and analytical methods using primary data. Data were obtained from two hundred (200) fadama users and non-fadama users’ farmers respectively. The findings of the study showed that the value of productive assets of fadama beneficiaries increases from N81, 240.97 before fadama III to N84, 9577.5 after Fadama III project. Conversely, there was a decrease in the net farm income of fadama beneficiaries from N198261.5 to N170180.4 during Fadama III project. The reduction in income despite the acquisition of productive assets could be due to limitations encountered by the farmers. Also, some of the beneficiaries are just acquiring the productive assets and the payment of the beneficiary contribution (30%) for pilot asset acquisition could have crowded out investment in short-term activities that could have increase income.  It is expected that the increase in income will come significantly after starting to benefit from their investment in productive assets. The study recommend among others that strategies such as rotating saving and credit associations that can help the poor to access productive assets should be promoted, the low capacity of the poor and the vulnerable in managing productive assets efficiently could be addressed through training and development of complementary services. Key words: Fadama Project, Beneficiary, Fadama Community Association, Fadama User Grou

Creation of Central National Database in Nigeria: Challenges and Prospects

This paper focuses on the creation of central national database based on Entity Relationship (ER) data model in order to describe each person individually and uniquely.  Also, the model establishes the use of the unique code (National Security code) as the primary key to identify each entity, entity relationship within and among public services entities.  Presently, Nigeria is critically facing security challenges because people are not uniquely identified and tagged.  The situation has led to insecurity in Nigeria with different trends and dimensions from one geopolitical zone to the other.  For instance, this has led to various faceless activities such as Islamic sect called Boko Haram in the North, rampant armed robbery in the South-West, notorious robbery and kidnapping in the South-East and South-South.  Corruption and unemployment are all over.  To curb the menace, a central national residency database must be created to solving identity challenge, loose neighboring borders, sectional terrorist, corruption, Crime and criminalities, unemployment, poverty and leadership distrust.  The paper recommends how the government can achieve central coordination of national security and attitudinal change of the country men despite the prevailing security challenge. Key-words: Central National Database, Data, National Security code, Entity Relationship (ER), Utilities, Residency code, Enforcement, National security, Attitudinal change JEL Classification: C82, M15, O3

Discourse Strategies in Chief Olusegun Obasanjo’s Letter to President Goodluck Ebele Jonathan

The paper sets out to investigate the discourse strategies deployed by former President Olusegun Obasanjo in his open letter to President Jonathan on December 12, 2013 which was published in most of the nation’s major newspapers. The work adopts M.A.K Halliday’s Systemic Functional Grammar as its theoretical framework because of the great importance which the model attaches to meanings and functions of a linguistic expression in relation to its context of usage. The researchers, through content and qualitative analysis, identify the discourse strategies used by the encoder of the speech to have the desired maximum effects on the decoders, especially President Goodluck Jonathan. Our findings reveal that President Obasanjo makes use of six discourse strategies in the letter for achieving some aims. The discourse strategies are: references to national interest; using the vocative “Mr President”; mentioning and portraying God in different perspectives; making direct appeals to the president; making references to late Gen. Sanni Abacha and copious repetitions of Nigeria and Nigerians in the text