Length-Weight Relationship And Condition Factor Of The Elephant Fish, Mormyrus rume (Valenciennes, 1846) In River Ose, Southwestern Nigeria

A total of 791 elephant fish, Mormyrus rume specimens of various sizes were sampled from River Ose, southwestern Ngera. Length-weight relationship and condition factor of the M rume specimens were studied. Their standard lengths ranged from 15.0 to 45.0 cm. Mean standard lengthfor males, females and combined sex were 27.86 cm, 3008 cm and 28.97 cm, respectvely. The body weight ranged from 75.5 to 610.0 g Mean body weight for males, females and combinedsex were 167.57 g 237.38 g and 202.48 g respectvely. Lengh-weight relatonship for males, emales andcombined sex were 1.699, 2.134 and 1990, respectively. The fsh exhibited alometrcgrowth in the river. The predictive equation was log W = -0.636 + 199 log L. The mean condition factor varied between seasons. The mean condition for males, females and combined sex were 0.787, 0.859 and 0.823, respectvely. The condtion factor decreased with increase in ndvidual sizes. Keywords: Length-weight relationship, Condition factor, Mormyrus rume, River Ose, NigeriaAnimal Research International Vol. 4 (1) 2007 pp. 617-62

International Investment Law and Climate Justice: The Search for a Just Green Investment Order

Efforts are underway to craft responses to the climate crisis within the international investment order. This Article highlights international investment law (“IIL”) and international climate law (“ICL”) as two basic governance contexts within which investment- related responses to climate change are being designed. There is, however, a multilevel—normative and institutional—dissonance between both regimes that makes for an asymmetric integration of the regimes at best, or worse still, the escalation of the injustices which have characterized both. While similar in their recognition of international investment as an important tool for responding to climate change, assumptions and approaches under both regimes are different. Both regimes, however, are responsible for the entrenchment of climate injustice. This Article re-envisions climate justice through a Third World Approaches to International Law (“TWAIL”) lens and provides recommendations on the actualization of a just green investment order. Drawing on TWAIL, we argue that treaty proposals that simply emphasize making IIL compatible with international climate frameworks for green investments, despite their relevance for the transition to a green economy, overlook structural normative dynamics which have perpetuated historical injustice, skewed power relations, and contributed to diverse tragedies of the commons. To avoid cascading into a new regime of inequities, we argue that IIL reform and investment-related measures under the ICL regime must center on climate justice and a nuanced interpretation of historical responsibilit

The Role of Libraries in Curbing Teenage Pregnancy in Nigeria

Teenage Pregnancy is fast becoming a regular trend today in Nigeria. This is due to the fact that most parents still feel it is absurd to educate their children on sex education . As a result of this most teenagers learn about sex education through their peers. mass media, etc. Due to the low level of knowledge of these teenagers on sex education, the level of teenage pregnancy lends to be on the 'increase. The library as an institution therefore has the responsibility to provide information contained in information materials of various format to the target group in order to curb the challenge of teenage pregnancy. The Federal Government, Nigerian Library Association and other stake holders need to collaborate to establish school libraries and public libraries where they are nonexistent a~id revitalize these libraries where they are existing but not functional. These libraries should also carry out their function thoroughly by' collaborating with Nongovernmental Organizations· (NGOs) to organize programs that will serve as a form of orientation to teenagers on teenage pregnancy and how it can be avoided

The Impact of Technostress on Librarians: A Survey of Covenant University Library.

This paper discusses technostress and how it affects librarians in Covenant University. The descriptive survey research method was used in investigating how technostress affects librarians in the course of carrying out their daily routines. Specifically, a questionnaire was designed and distributed to the librarians. The data was represented in tables and simple percentage used to analyze the data. It was found that technostress affects librarians to an extent while carrying out their duties on a daily basis. The study also found out that sitting positions, slow internet network among others are causes of technostress. It concluded by admonishing librarians to brace up and keep pace with technological developments because the library environment will keep changing. It is very necessary to create awareness about technostress, its effects and possible ways to manage it. Proper training should be given to librarians on how to handle new technologies

Application of Artificial Neural Network Model for Improved Power System Protection in Port Harcourt 33 kV Network

Electric power distribution networks are exposed to the environment due to their length, for this reason, they are mostly affected by faults. These faults disrupt the continuous flow of power supply. There is also an associated loss of power that is generated that also determines the state of the economy. In order to reduce system downtime, it is necessary to integrate a system that detects and classifies faults quickly in order to hasten its clearance. This will bring about improvement in the efficiency and integrity of the power network. The artificial neural network as proposed in this study is meant to detect, classify and locate fault on the Rukpokwu 33-kV feeder of Port Harcourt Electricity Distribution Company (PHEDC). Fault detector, classifier and locator, with feed-forward back propagation were employed in the research. Matlab Simulink software was used to model and simulate the distribution network. The model was trained using s values of voltages and currents. With the simulation results, the efficiency of the proposed network was demonstrated for fault detection, classification and location. Mean square error (MSE) and confusion matrix were used to evaluate the performance of the proposed model. Results showed that the acceptable MSE of 0.00000027736 and an accuracy of 100% were achieved, which is satisfactory

Analysis of Standard Error of Measurement (SEM) of 2019 West African Senior School Certificate Examination Multiple-Choice Objective Tests in Economics

This study analyzed the Standard Error of Measurement (SEM) of 2019 May/June West African Senior School Certificate Examination Multiple-choice Objective Tests in Economics at three different confidence Interval (CI). A quantitative research design of the descriptive type was adopted for the study. The sample of the study was Three hundred and Two (302) Senior Secondary School Three (SSS.3) students that offered Economics selected from twelve (12) schools in the three senatorial districts in Osun State, Nigeria and Multi-stage sampling technique was adopted in this study. 2019 May/June and Nov/Dec (GCE/WASSCE) Multiple-Choice Objective Tests in Economics were adopted as instruments for the study. Data collected were analyzed using Descriptive statistics. The findings of this study revealed that the performance of students in WASSCE May/June Economics Multiple choice objective test of 2019 flagged the SEM of 4 (+ or -4). Also, the performance of students in 2019 GCE WASSCE Economics Multiple-choice objective test flagged the SEM of 12 (+ or - 12) both at 68% confidence interval. It was concluded that 2019 May/June WASSCE Economics Multiple-choice objective test is more precise, reliable and correct than 2019 GCE WASSCE Economics Multiple-choice objective test at all the confidence intervals. The study recommended that educators should consider the magnitude of SEMs for students across the achievement distribution. It was also recommended that test practitioners should adopted classical Test Theory (CTT) in test scoring and test precision

LANDSCAPING FOR PASSIVE SECURITY AND ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE IN CHURCH ENVIRONMENT, NIGER STATE, NIGERIA

Nigeria is faced with several risks ranging from problems of climate change to security challenges and this is not limited to a specific aspect of the built environment as all buildings and environment are affected. The places of worship are greatly affected in terms of security which affects the disposition of Christians during worship at churches. Many of the studied churches were seen to have made use of landscape elements but these were not placed with the aim of using them to deter intrusion as in the case of security but rather for beautifying the church. The challenge for architects and church administrator is how to cope with challenges of security and climate change. This paper examines landscaping as a catalyst for deterring intrusion of threats passively and enhancing climate adaptation in church environment in Nigeria. The research method adopted for this study is the descriptive survey method by collecting qualitative and quantitative data. The results were analyzed using descriptive tools in SPSS and are presented in tables and charts while the pictures are presented in plates. The study reveals that it is possible to achieve passive security and solve some climatic challenges in church environment using soft landscape elements. The paper is concluded by determining the aspects of the building where the architect can infuse the specific landscape elements to achieve the aim of the paper. It further states the type of landscape elements that could be used to achieve the aim of the study hence developing a responsive building design scheme.  http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v36i1.

Introduction: Sustainable Livelihoods, Conflicts, and Transformation

Introduction to the Journal of Global Initiatives Volume 10, Number 2 Sustainable Livelihoods and Conflict

Assessment of Urban Drainage and Sanitation Challenges in Nigeria

One of the observable impacts of rapidly growing urbanization and economic development in emerging cities of developing nations is witnessed in drainage problems connected to poor sanitation. The objectives of this research are to examine the causes and extent of damage on drainage and poor sanitation systems in urban areas, highlight measures to improve health and living conditions of the residents, and propose measures to improve the economic functioning of the cities. Six (6) Local Government Areas (LGAs) in Lagos State, Southwest Nigeria were selected. The descriptive cross-sectional study identified 50 respondents from each LGA through careful selection. Data were collected through validated questionnaire, thorough observations and interviews with residents. The result of the investigation shows that ineffective drainage systems are basically associated with poor maintenance, indiscriminate dumping of refuse in drains, erection of building on drainage channels and alignments that inhibit the flow of water which leads to critical environmental hazards. The study suggests new approach that could be used to achieve sustainable and effective sanitation which would support government’s effort in upgrading urban services by preparing plans and feasibility studies, improving drainage maintenance procedures and effectively manage human waste dispo

Analysis of maize farmers' access to agricultural information in Aiyedire local government area, Osun State, Nigeria

This study analyses maize farmers’ access to agricultural information in Aiyedire Local Government Area of Osun state, Nigeria. The specific objectives of this study were to describe the socio-economic characteristics of the maize farmers, identify access of maize farmers to agricultural information, determine the level of access to agricultural information and identify the sources of agricultural information to the maize farmers. A structured questionnaire was used to randomly sample 105 respondents used for this study. Descriptive statistics such as frequency distribution and percentage was used to analyse the socio-economic characteristics, sources of information and access to agricultural information while a three-point Likert-type scale was used to analyse the level of access of the maize farmers to agricultural information The result showed that the majority (87.6%) of the farmers were male, married (84.4%) and 42.9% of them had secondary education. The majority of the farmers (89.5%) had farm size of about five hectares while those with farming experience less than 10 years was 39%. Fifty-eight percent of the farmers had household size of 4-6 persors and 69.5% of them had contacts with extension agents while 49.5% of the farmers were members of agricultural organizations. The results further showed that the farmers had access to information on improved maize varieties, with a mean score of 2.90 while they had limited access to information on mechanized method of harvesting maize, with mean score of 1.07. Therefore, the study recommends that extension agencies should provide up-to-date information on new and improved technological implement like sheller, tractors, among others, for maize farmers.Keywords: Agricultural Information, Access, Maize Farmers, Nigeri