Dimension that typify the potential consume of organic foods in the Maule Region, Chile

La demanda creciente por alimentos orgánicos presenta ventas por encima de los cinco mil millones de dólares por año a nivel mundial. Esta demanda también se extiende a los países en desarrollo como es el caso chileno, el cual exporta el 90% de su producción, generando un mercado interno poco desarrollado para este tipo de productos. La presente investigación intenta identificar los constructos que caracterizan los potenciales consumidores de alimentos orgánicos. Para el desarrollo del estudio se aplicó una encuesta a una muestra de 422 consumidores de la Región del Maule en Chile central (N. C. = 95,5%; e = 3,0%). La información posteriormente fue analizada a través de la técnica multivariante denominada análisis factorial de componentes principales. Los resultados de la investigación revelan la existencia de cuatro dimensiones o constructos: (1) beneficios de la agricultura orgánica; (2) alimentación sana; (3) estilos de vida y (4) atributos de los productos orgánicos. Estas dimensiones influyen en la actitud e intención de compra por parte de los consumidores hacia los alimentos orgánicos y son elementos clave para formular estrategias de comercialización para productos orgánicos.The growing demand for the consumption of organic foods at worldwide level presents sales increasing by over five thousand million dollars per year. Demands extended to development countries like it is the Chilean case, which exports 90% of its production getting an internal market with low development for this type of products. The research tries to identify the constructs to characterize the potential consumers of organic foods. A survey was applied to 422 consumers to carry out the research in the Maule Region, central Chile (C. I. = 95.5%; e = 3.0%). The Information was analyzed through multivariante technic denominated factor analysis of principal components. The main results of the research reveal the existence of four dimensions or constructs, corresponding to: (1) benefits of the organic agriculture; (2) healthy feeding; (3) lifestyles; (4) attribute of organic foods. These four factors influence in the attitude and purchase intention for the consumers toward the organic foods. In addition being key elements when formulating market strategies for organic products.Fil: Adasme-Berríos, Cristian. Universidad Católica del Maule. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales. Dpto. de Ciencias AgrariasFil: Rodríguez, Marcelo. Universidad Católica del Maule. Facultad de Ciencias BásicasFil: Jara-Rojas, Roberto. Universidad de TalcaFil: Díaz-Tobar, Belén. Universidad Católica del Maule. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales. Dpto. de Ciencias Agraria

Effects of food-related health concerns and risk perception on the consumption frequency of fresh vegetables

Consuming fresh vegetables certainly brings health benefits; however, these types of products may also contain biological, chemical and technological elements that can affect people´s health due to lack of food safety. We developed a conceptual model to explain the main relationships between food-related health concerns (FHCs) and risk perceptions (RPs) on consumption frequency of fresh vegetables (CFFV) from a food safety point of view. We applied a structured questionnaire to 1028 consumers in the Central and South Central zones of Chile, where the main agricultural production of the country is concentrated. Through a structural equation model, we determined the moderator effect of RP on the relationship between FHC and CFFV. As a result, CFFV is less if RP is present in the minds of the consumer, impacting the direct effect of FHC on CFFV. Finally, our results suggest that reducing risks associated with the production and commercialization of fresh vegetables can improve health concerns related to food and the consumption of fresh vegetables. Therefore, the state must improve surveillance systems of fresh vegetables commercialized in local markets.Consuming fresh vegetables certainly brings health benefits; however, these types of products may also contain biological, chemical and technological elements that can affect people´s health due to lack of food safety. We developed a conceptual model to explain the main relationships between food-related health concerns (FHCs) and risk perceptions (RPs) on consumption frequency of fresh vegetables (CFFV) from a food safety point of view. We applied a structured questionnaire to 1028 consumers in the Central and South Central zones of Chile, where the main agricultural production of the country is concentrated. Through a structural equation model, we determined the moderator effect of RP on the relationship between FHC and CFFV. As a result, CFFV is less if RP is present in the minds of the consumer, impacting the direct effect of FHC on CFFV. Finally, our results suggest that reducing risks associated with the production and commercialization of fresh vegetables can improve health concerns related to food and the consumption of fresh vegetables. Therefore, the state must improve surveillance systems of fresh vegetables commercialized in local markets

El rol del género sobre el efecto moderador de una etiqueta de inocuidad alimentaria entre la calidad y riesgo percibido en vegetales frescos

The role of food safety label in fresh vegetables has received little attention in developing economies and less attention from the perspective of gender. In this context, a conceptual model was developed to explain the effect of food safety label as a moderator variable of risk perception and quality perceived for fresh vegetables from the perspective of gender. A structural equation model was developed in central and south central Chile, using a convenience sample (n = 1114) of vegetables buyers. The main finding of the study was that for females, the food safety label moderated the effect of risk perception on perceived quality; while for males this effect was not significant. However, given that females are primarily responsible for purchasing food, food safety labels are a tool for consumers to recognize unsafe vegetables; at the same time, it can influence the purchase decision of those consumers worried by certain risks associated with fresh vegetables.El rol de la etiqueta de inocuidad alimentaria en hortalizas frescas ha recibido poca atención en economías en desarrollo y menos atención desde la perspectiva del género. En este contexto, se desarrolló un modelo conceptual para explicar el efecto de la etiqueta de inocuidad alimentaria como una variable moderadora de la percepción de riesgo y la calidad percibida para hortalizas frescas desde la perspectiva del género. Se desarrolló un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales en el centro y sur de Chile central, utilizando una muestra por conveniencia (n = 1114) de compradores de hortalizas. El principal hallazgo del estudio fue que para las mujeres la etiqueta de inocuidad alimentaria moderó el efecto de la percepción de riesgo sobre la calidad percibida; mientras que para los hombres este efecto no fue significativo. Sin embargo, dado que las mujeres son las principales responsables de la compra de alimentos, las etiquetas de inocuidad alimentaria son una herramienta para que estos consumidores reconozcan las hortalizas riesgosas; al mismo tiempo, puede influir en la decisión de compra de aquellos consumidores preocupados por ciertos riesgos asociados con las hortalizas frescas.Fil: Adasme-Berríos, Cristian. Universidad Católica del Maule (Talca, Chile)Fil: Sánchez, Mercedes. Universidad Pública de Navarra (Pamplona, España)Fil: Mora, Marcos. Universidad de Chile. Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas.Fil: Díaz, José. Universidad de TalcaFil: Schnettler, Berta. Universidad de La Frontera (Chile)Fil: Lobos, Germán. Universidad de Talc

The gender role on moderator effect of food safety label between perceived quality and risk on fresh vegetables

The role of food safety label in fresh vegetables has received little attention in developing economies and less attention from the perspective of gender. In this context, a conceptual model was developed to explain the effect of food safety label as a moderator variable of risk perception and quality perceived for fresh vegetables from the perspective of gender. A structural equation model was developed in central and south central Chile, using a convenience sample (n = 1114) of vegetables buyers. The main finding of the study was that for females, the food safety label moderated the effect of risk perception on perceived quality; while for males this effect was not significant. However, given that females are primarily responsible for purchasing food, food safety labels are a tool for consumers to recognize unsafe vegetables; at the same time, it can influence the purchase decision of those consumers worried by certain risks associated with fresh vegetables.The role of food safety label in fresh vegetables has received little attention in developing economies and less attention from the perspective of gender. In this context, a conceptual model was developed to explain the effect of food safety label as a moderator variable of risk perception and quality perceived for fresh vegetables from the perspective of gender. A structural equation model was developed in central and south central Chile, using a convenience sample (n = 1114) of vegetables buyers. The main finding of the study was that for females, the food safety label moderated the effect of risk perception on perceived quality; while for males this effect was not significant. However, given that females are primarily responsible for purchasing food, food safety labels are a tool for consumers to recognize unsafe vegetables; at the same time, it can influence the purchase decision of those consumers worried by certain risks associated with fresh vegetables

¿Quiénes son los potenciales consumidores de frutas y verduras orgánicas en Chile Central? Una aproximación CHAID

La demanda por frutas y verduras (F&V) orgánicas está creciendo alrededor del mundo, creando oportunidades de mercado para los países en desarrollo como principales proveedores. Sin embargo, la mayoría de los países en vías de desarrollo orientados a la exportación, tales como Chile, tienen un mercado interno no desarrollado para los productos orgánicos. Este artículo identifica los segmentos de potenciales consumidores de frutas y verduras orgánicas en el centro de Chile, utilizando un modelo CHAID exploratorio. Se aplicó un cuestionario a una muestra aleatoria de 425 compradores de frutas y verduras. Los resultados del modelo CHAID sugieren dos segmentos de potenciales consumidores de frutas y verduras orgánicas. Ambos grupos demuestran conocimiento del concepto de alimento orgánico. Adicionalmente, el primer segmento percibe que la agricultura orgánica entrega beneficios éticos a la sociedad y considera que F&V orgánicas son saludables y nutritivos; este grupo tiene una probabilidad de más de 80% de consumir F&V orgánicas. El segundo segmento demuestra menos conciencia de los beneficios éticos a la sociedad y su probabilidad de consumir F&V orgánicas, depende del nivel de ingreso familiar. Otras implicancias son discutidas para estudios posteriores en consumidores de alimentos orgánicos.The demand for organic fruits and vegetables (F&V) is growing worldwide, creating market opportunities for developing countries as major suppliers. However, most export-oriented developing countries such as Chile have an undeveloped domestic market for organic products. This article identifies the segments of potential consumers of organic F&V in Central Chile using an exploratory CHAID model. A questionnaire was administered by surveying a random sample of 425 F&V consumers in central Chile. The results of the CHAID model suggest two segments of potential consumers of organic F&V. Both groups show awareness of the concept of organic food. Additionally, the first segment perceives organic agriculture to have ethical benefits to the society and considers organic F&V as healthy and nutritious; this group has a probability of over 80% to consume organic F&V. The second segment shows less awareness of the ethical benefits to society and its probability of consuming organic F&V depends on family income level. We discuss major implications for further studies on organic consumers.The authors thank the project PIT-2007-0168, Agroindustrial Surfrut Ltda

Invarianza de medida transcultural en la Escala de Satisfacción con la Vida en estudiantes universitarios de Chile y España

Introducción: La Escala de Satisfacción con la Vida (SWLS) es un instrumento ampliamente utilizado para la evaluación cognitiva del bienestar subjetivo de los individuos. La SWLS ha sido validada en numerosos contextos y poblaciones, pero la invarianza de medida a nivel transcultural en adultos emergentes ha sido poco explorada. El propósito de este artículo fue evaluar la invarianza de medida de la SWLS en estudiantes universitarios de Chile y España y según género. Método: Una muestra no probabilística de 165 estudiantes universitarios de Chile (66.7% mujeres, edad promedio = 21.9, DE = 2.35) y 109 estudiantes de España (48.6% mujeres, edad promedio = 22.9, DE = 2.4) completaron la SWLS. Resultados: Por medio de un análisis factorial confirmatorio multigrupo, los resultados mostraron que la SWLS exhibió invarianza configural, métrica y escalar en la comparación entre las muestras de estudiantes chilenos y españoles y según género. Conclusión: Este hallazgo muestra que la SWLS permite comparaciones significativas de medias latentes entre muestras transculturales universitarias. Además, este estudio aporta evidencia de la SWLS como un instrumento válido que puede guiar la creación de políticas para mejorar el bienestar subjetivo de los estudiantes universitarios de ambos géneros, tanto en países desarrollados como en desarrollo de habla hispana.Introduction: The Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) is a widely used measure of an individuals’ cognitive assessment of subjective well-being. The SWLS has been validated in several contexts and populations, but its cross-cultural measurement invariance in emerging adult samples remains barely explored. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the measurement invariance of the SWLS in university students from Chile and Spain and according to gender. Method: A non-probabilistic sample of 165 university students from Chile (66.7% women, Mage = 21.9, SD = 2.35), and 109 students from Spain (48.6% women; Mage = 22.9, SD = 2.4) completed the SWLS. Results: Using multi-group confirmatory factor analysis, results showed that the SWLS exhibited configural, metric and scalar invariance in the comparison between the Chilean and Spanish student samples and also according to gender. Conclusions: This finding allows for significant latent mean comparisons between cross-cultural samples. Moreover, this study supports the SWLS as a valid instrument which provides data that can inform policies in order to improve the subjective well-being of university students of both genders, both in developed and developing Spanish-speaking countries.This work was supported by Fondecyt Project 1160005 and Project AGL2015-65897-C3-1 of the Ministry of Economics and Competitivity of the Government of Spain

Aceptación de carne bovina obtenida a través de modificación genética y clonación por parte de estudiantes universitarios y adultos que trabajan en el sur de Chile

In order to compare the acceptance of beef obtained from a conventionally bred, cloned or genetically modified (GM) animal by working adults and university students, and to identify consumer segments in both subsamples, a survey of 400 people in southern Chile was applied, distributed by means of proportional allocation. Using a conjoint analysis in the total sample, it was determined that the production technology was more important than the price, origin, presentation or breed of the animal. The consumers preferred Argentinean beef, cut, from a conventional animal, at the lowest price. In both subsamples one segment was sensitive to the production technology, one to the price and one to the origin of the meat. Nevertheless, the proportion of adults who rejected cloning and GM was greater, whereas a significant proportion of students viewed meat from a cloned or GM animal positively. In both subsamples, the groups sensitive to the origin had a positive view of beef from a GM animal. The groups in the subsample of students were differentiated by the frequency of beef consumption. In both subsamples, the segments did not differ in the level of satisfaction with their food-related life.Con el objetivo de comparar la aceptación de carne bovina de un animal convencional, clonado y genéticamente modificado (GM) en adultos laboralmente activos y estudiantes universitarios, e identificar segmentos de consumidores en ambas submuestras, se aplicó una encuesta a 400 personas en el sur de Chile, distribuidas mediante afijación proporcional. Mediante análisis conjunto, en la muestra total se determinó que la tecnología de producción fue más importante que el precio, el origen, la presentación y la raza del animal. Los consumidores prefirieron carne argentina, al corte, de un animal convencional, al precio más bajo. En ambas sub-muestras se distinguió un segmento sensible a la tecnología de producción, uno sensible al precio y uno sensible al origen de la carne. Sin embargo, fue mayor la proporción de adultos que rechazó la clonación y la GM, mientras una importante proporción de estudiantes se mostró positivo frente a la carne de un animal GM y clonado. En ambas sub-muestras los grupos sensibles al origen se mostraron positivos frente a la carne de un animal GM. Los grupos de la sub-muestra de estudiantes se diferenciaron según la frecuencia de consumo de carne bovina. En ambas sub-muestras los segmentos no difirieron según el nivel de satisfacción con su alimentación.Fil: Schnettler, Berta. Universidad de La Frontera (Chile). Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Forestales. Departamento de Producción Agropecuaria.Fil: Velásquez, Carlos. Universidad de La Frontera (Chile). Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Forestales. Departamento de Producción Agropecuaria.Fil: Lobos, Germán. Universidad de Talca (Chile)Fil: Orellana, Ligia. Chile. Universidad de La Frontera. Centro de Psicología Económica y del Consumo.Fil: Sepúlveda, José. Chile. Universidad de La Frontera. Centro de Psicología Económica y del Consumo.Fil: Salinas-Oñate, Natalia. Chile. Universidad de La Frontera. Centro de Psicología Económica y del Consumo.Fil: Adasme-Berríos, Cristian. Universidad Católica del Maule (Talca, Chile)Fil: Grunert, Klaus G.

Work-to-family enrichment and atmosphere of family meals influence satisfaction with food-related life : An actor-partner interdependence approach in dual-earner parents with adolescent children

The effects of work-to-family enrichment (WtoFE) have been examined on outcomes such as family and job satisfaction, with scarce research on the potential effects of WtoFE on the food domain. To fill in this gap, the present study explored actor and partner effects between WtoFE, the perception of the atmosphere of family meals (AFM), and satisfaction with food-related life (SWFoL) in different-sex dual-earner parents with adolescent children using the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model; the mediating role of AFM between WtoFE and SWFoL was also tested. Questionnaires were administered to 473 different-sex dual-earner parents and one of their adolescent children (average age 12.5 years, 51.4% male) in Temuco, Chile. The three family members answered the Project-EAT Atmosphere of family meals scale and the Satisfaction with Food-related Life Scale. Parents answered a measure of WtoFE based on the Work-Home Interaction Survey. Analyses were conducted using structural equation modelling. Results showed a positive association from WtoFE to SWFoL, directly and through the perception of the atmosphere of family meals in both parents (actor effects). Both parents’ WtoFE was associated with their adolescent children’ SWFoL via the adolescent’s perception of the atmosphere of family meals, while the mother’s perception of the atmosphere of family meals was directly associated with the adolescent’s SWFoL (partner effects). Findings suggest that resources that mothers and fathers acquire from work and invest via WtoFE have positive effects on their own and their adolescent children’s perception of the atmosphere of family meals and SWFoL. As higher WtoFE has also been related to other positive outcomes in the job and health domains in workers, policymakers and organizations must aim to promote WtoFE in working parents.© 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).fi=vertaisarvioitu|en=peerReviewed