Heat pump installation (John Paul II Centre, Krakow)

In the paper energy balances for heating and cooling of buildings are presented. Heat pump diagrams are discussed and original solutions are presented. There are related drawings, tables and photographs in the paper

Frontal resistance coefficient of the buses with the different ventilation equipment

The article presents the results of the investigation of the influence of natural and mechanical ventilation in a passenger compartment and in a driver\u27s compartment on the air flow around the bus. The experimental research was carried out in aerodynamic tunnels. Based on the measurements, the air velocities distribution in the boundary layer was determined. Furthermore, the effect of natural ventilation of the interior space on the thickness of the air boundary layer was analysed. The results are presented in the form of distribution diagram and analytical dependencies. The aim of this research was to define the thickness of the boundary layer when the air flows through a vehicle model

Rosyjska edycja dokumentów dyplomatycznych do stosunków polsko-sowieckich. Co nowego?

The article is a critical analysis of the four-volume Russian edition of Soviet diplomatic documents for relations with Poland between 1918 and 1945, published in Moscow in 2017. The material comes almost entirely from the collection of the Foreign Policy Archive of the Russian Federation in Moscow. The Russian edition of documents brings many archival documents published in print for the first time. However, they were selected in a very biased way – especially with regard to 1939.Artykuł stanowi krytyczną analizę wydanej w Moskwie w 2017 r. czterotomowej rosyjskiej edycji sowieckich dokumentów dyplomatycznych do stosunków z Polską w latach 1918–1945. Materiał pochodzi niemal w całości ze zbiorów Archiwum Polityki Zagranicznej Federacji Rosyjskiej w Moskwie. Rosyjski zbiór dokumentów przynosi dużo nowych akt archiwalnych, ogłoszonych drukiem po raz pierwszy, Tendencyjny ich dobór jest jednak bardzo wyraźny, zwłaszcza w przypadku 1939 r

Cangrelor — Expanding therapeutic options in patients with acute coronary syndrome

Cangrelor is the only intravenous P2Y12 receptor antagonist. It is an adenosine triphosphate analog that selectively, directly, and reversibly binds to the platelet P2Y12 receptors exerting its antiaggregatory effect. Cangrelor is characterized by linear, dose-dependent pharmacokinetics and rapid onset of action providing potent platelet inhibition exceeding 90%. Cangrelor is rapidly metabolized by endothelial endonucleotidase; thus, its half-life is 2.9 to 5.5 min, and its antiplatelet effect subsides within 60 to 90 min. Data originating from three pivotal cangrelor trials (CHAMPION PLATFORM, CHAMPION PCI, and CHAMPION PHOENIX) indicate that cangrelor reduces the risk of periprocedural thrombotic complications during percutaneous coronary intervention at the expense of mild bleedings. Its unique pharmacological properties allow it to overcome the limitations of oral P2Y12 receptor inhibitors, mainly related to the delayed and decreased bioavailability and antiplatelet effect of these agents, which are often observed in the setting of acute coronary syndrome. Subgroups of patients who could theoretically benefit the most from cangrelor include those in whom pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of oral P2Y12 receptor antagonists are most disturbed, namely patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, those treated with opioids, with mild therapeutic hypothermia, or in cardiogenic shock. Cangrelor could also be useful if bridging is required in patients undergoing surgery. According to the current guidelines cangrelor may be considered in P2Y12 receptor inhibitor-naïve patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention in both acute and stable settings

Low-dose ticagrelor with or without acetylsalicylic acid in patients with acute coronary syndrome: Rationale and design of the ELECTRA-SIRIO 2 trial

© 2022 Via Medica. This article is available in open access under Creative Common Attribution-Non-Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.0/Peer reviewedFinal Published versio

A new approach to ticagrelor-based de-escalation of antiplatelet therapy after acute coronary syndrome. A rationale for a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, investigator-initiated, multicenter clinical study

© 2021 Via Medica. This article is available in open access under Creative Common Attribution-Non-Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) license. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/The risk of ischemic events gradually decreases after acute coronary syndrome (ACS), reaching a stable level after 1 month, while the risk of bleeding remains steady during the whole period of dual antiplatelet treatment (DAPT). Several de-escalation strategies of antiplatelet treatment aiming to enhance safety of DAPT without depriving it of its efficacy have been evaluated so far. We hypothesized that reduction of the ticagrelor maintenance dose 1 month after ACS and its continuation until 12 months after ACS may improve adherence to antiplatelet treatment due to better tolerability compared with the standard dose of ticagrelor. Moreover, improved safety of treatment and preserved anti-ischemic benefit may also be expected with additional acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) withdrawal. To evaluate these hypotheses, we designed the Evaluating Safety and Efficacy of Two Ticagrelor-based De-escalation Antiplatelet Strategies in Acute Coronary Syndrome — a randomized clinical trial (ELECTRA-SIRIO 2), to assess the influence of ticagrelor dose reduction with or without continuation of ASA versus DAPT with standard dose ticagrelor in reducing clinically relevant bleeding and main-taining anti-ischemic efficacy in ACS patients. The study was designed as a phase III, randomized, multicenter, double-blind, investigator-initiated clinical study with a 12-month follow-up.Peer reviewedFinal Published versio