15 research outputs found
The Kast Ground Based UV Spectral Survey of 79 QSOs at Redshift 2 for Lyman Alpha Forest and Metal Absorption
We present a moderate resolution (~1.15 Angstroms/pixel) survey of 79 quasars
obtained using the Kast spectrograph on the Shane 3m telescope at Lick
observatory. The spectra span the wavelength range of 3175-5880 Angstroms, and
have typical signal to noise of 6-20 in the regions of the spectra showing
Lyman alpha forest absorption. The quasars have a mean emission redshift of
z=2.17, and nearly all cover the entire Lyman alpha forest between Lyman alpha
and Lyman beta. Although the quasars were selected to avoid BAL, two quasars in
the survey are BAL, one of which is a new discovery. We list the HI and metal
ions observed in a total of 140 absorption systems. We also identify 526
emission lines, and list their observed wavelengths, along with new redshifts
of the quasars. We determine the rest wavelengths of 3 emission lines or line
blends in the forest to be 1070.95 +/- 1.00, 1123.13 +/- 0.51, and 1175.88 +/-
0.30 Angstroms.Comment: Submitted to the Astronomical Journa
Cosmological parameters sigma_8, the baryon density, and the UV background intensity from a calibrated measurement of H I Lyman-alpha absorption at z = 1.9
We identify a concordant model for the intergalactic medium (IGM) at redshift
z=1.9 that uses popular values for cosmological and astrophysical parameters
and accounts for all baryons with an uncertainty of 6%. We have measured the
amount of absorption, DA, in the Ly-alpha forest at redshift 1.9 in spectra of
77 QSO from the Kast spectrograph. We calibrated the continuum fits with
realistic artificial spectra, and we found that averaged over all 77 QSOs the
mean continuum level is within 1-2% of the correct value. Absorption from all
lines in the Ly-alpha forest at z=1.9 removes DA=15.1 +/- 0.7% of the flux
between 1070 and 1170 (rest) Angstroms. This is the first measurement using
many QSOs at this z, and the first calibrated measurement at any redshift.
Metal lines absorb 2.3 +/- 0.5%, and LLS absorb 1.0 +/- 0.4% leaving 11.8 +/-
1.0% from the lower density bulk of the IGM. Averaging over Delta z=0.1 or 154
Mpc, the dispersion is 6.1 +/- 0.3% including LLS and metal lines, or 3.9
(+0.5, -0.7)% for the lower density IGM alone, consistent with the usual
description of large scale structure. LLS and metal lines are major
contributors to the variation in the mean flux, and they make the flux field
significantly non-Gaussian. We find that a hydrodynamic simulation on a 1024
cubed grid in a 75.7 Mpc box reproduces the observed DA from the low density
IGM with parameters values H_o=71 km/s/Mpc, Omega_Lambda=0.73, Omega_m=0.27,
Omega_b=0.044, sigma_8=0.9 and a UV background that has an ionization rate that
is 1.08 +/- 0.08 times the prediction by Madau, Haardt & Rees (1999).Comment: Submitted to Ap
Micro-Symposium on Orin Kerr\u27s \u27A Theory of Law\u27
For more than a century, careful readers of the Green Bag have known that â[t]here is nothing sacred in a theory of law...which has outlived its usefulness or which was radically wrong from the beginning...The question is What is the law and what is the true public policy?â Professor Orin Kerr bravely, creatively, and eloquently answered that question in his article, âA Theory of Law,â in the Autumn 2012 issue of the Green Bag. Uniquely among all theories of law that I know of, Kerrâs answer to the fundamental question of law and true public policy enables all scholars to answer that same question in their own ways. The Green Bag is pleased to be featuring his âA Theory of Lawâ in its first micro-symposium, and just as pleased with the quality, quantity, and diversity of the responses to the call for papers. Blessed with an abundance of good work but cursed by a shortage of space, we were compelled to select a small set â representative and excellent â of those essays to publish in the Green Bag or its sibling publication, the Journal of Law. We regret that we cannot do full justice to the outpouring of first-rate legal-theoretical commentary we received
Cost effectiveness of child pneumococcal conjugate vaccination in GAVI-eligible countries
Micro-Symposium on Orin Kerr\u27s \u27A Theory of Law\u27
For more than a century, careful readers of the Green Bag have known that â[t]here is nothing sacred in a theory of law...which has outlived its usefulness or which was radically wrong from the beginning...The question is What is the law and what is the true public policy?â Professor Orin Kerr bravely, creatively, and eloquently answered that question in his article, âA Theory of Law,â in the Autumn 2012 issue of the Green Bag. Uniquely among all theories of law that I know of, Kerrâs answer to the fundamental question of law and true public policy enables all scholars to answer that same question in their own ways. The Green Bag is pleased to be featuring his âA Theory of Lawâ in its first micro-symposium, and just as pleased with the quality, quantity, and diversity of the responses to the call for papers. Blessed with an abundance of good work but cursed by a shortage of space, we were compelled to select a small set â representative and excellent â of those essays to publish in the Green Bag or its sibling publication, the Journal of Law. We regret that we cannot do full justice to the outpouring of first-rate legal-theoretical commentary we received
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A first-in-human phase 0 clinical study of RNA interference-based spherical nucleic acids in patients with recurrent glioblastoma.
Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most difficult cancers to effectively treat, in part because of the lack of precision therapies and limited therapeutic access to intracranial tumor sites due to the presence of the blood-brain and blood-tumor barriers. We have developed a precision medicine approach for GBM treatment that involves the use of brain-penetrant RNA interference-based spherical nucleic acids (SNAs), which consist of gold nanoparticle cores covalently conjugated with radially oriented and densely packed small interfering RNA (siRNA) oligonucleotides. On the basis of previous preclinical evaluation, we conducted toxicology and toxicokinetic studies in nonhuman primates and a single-arm, open-label phase 0 first-in-human trial (NCT03020017) to determine safety, pharmacokinetics, intratumoral accumulation and gene-suppressive activity of systemically administered SNAs carrying siRNA specific for the GBM oncogene Bcl2Like12 (Bcl2L12). Patients with recurrent GBM were treated with intravenous administration of siBcl2L12-SNAs (drug moniker: NU-0129), at a dose corresponding to 1/50th of the no-observed-adverse-event level, followed by tumor resection. Safety assessment revealed no grade 4 or 5 treatment-related toxicities. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, x-ray fluorescence microscopy, and silver staining of resected GBM tissue demonstrated that intravenously administered SNAs reached patient tumors, with gold enrichment observed in the tumor-associated endothelium, macrophages, and tumor cells. NU-0129 uptake into glioma cells correlated with a reduction in tumor-associated Bcl2L12 protein expression, as indicated by comparison of matched primary tumor and NU-0129-treated recurrent tumor. Our results establish SNA nanoconjugates as a potential brain-penetrant precision medicine approach for the systemic treatment of GBM