Dimethyl fumarate in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 (RECOVERY): a randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trial

Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) inhibits inflammasome-mediated inflammation and has been proposed as a treatment for patients hospitalised with COVID-19. This randomised, controlled, open-label platform trial (Randomised Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy [RECOVERY]), is assessing multiple treatments in patients hospitalised for COVID-19 (NCT04381936, ISRCTN50189673). In this assessment of DMF performed at 27 UK hospitals, adults were randomly allocated (1:1) to either usual standard of care alone or usual standard of care plus DMF. The primary outcome was clinical status on day 5 measured on a seven-point ordinal scale. Secondary outcomes were time to sustained improvement in clinical status, time to discharge, day 5 peripheral blood oxygenation, day 5 C-reactive protein, and improvement in day 10 clinical status. Between 2 March 2021 and 18 November 2021, 713 patients were enroled in the DMF evaluation, of whom 356 were randomly allocated to receive usual care plus DMF, and 357 to usual care alone. 95% of patients received corticosteroids as part of routine care. There was no evidence of a beneficial effect of DMF on clinical status at day 5 (common odds ratio of unfavourable outcome 1.12; 95% CI 0.86-1.47; p = 0.40). There was no significant effect of DMF on any secondary outcome

Dimethyl fumarate in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 (RECOVERY): a randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trial

Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) inhibits inflammasome-mediated inflammation and has been proposed as a treatment for patients hospitalised with COVID-19. This randomised, controlled, open-label platform trial (Randomised Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy [RECOVERY]), is assessing multiple treatments in patients hospitalised for COVID-19 (NCT04381936, ISRCTN50189673). In this assessment of DMF performed at 27 UK hospitals, adults were randomly allocated (1:1) to either usual standard of care alone or usual standard of care plus DMF. The primary outcome was clinical status on day 5 measured on a seven-point ordinal scale. Secondary outcomes were time to sustained improvement in clinical status, time to discharge, day 5 peripheral blood oxygenation, day 5 C-reactive protein, and improvement in day 10 clinical status. Between 2 March 2021 and 18 November 2021, 713 patients were enroled in the DMF evaluation, of whom 356 were randomly allocated to receive usual care plus DMF, and 357 to usual care alone. 95% of patients received corticosteroids as part of routine care. There was no evidence of a beneficial effect of DMF on clinical status at day 5 (common odds ratio of unfavourable outcome 1.12; 95% CI 0.86-1.47; p = 0.40). There was no significant effect of DMF on any secondary outcome

Influence of the chicken breeding method on the selected chemical constituents of chicken eggs

Táto diplomová práca je zameraná na analýzu žĺtkov a bielkov zo slepačích vajec pochádzajúcich z rozdielnych druhov chovov v Českej republike za pomoci troch analytických metód. Na určenie bielkovín bola použitá Kjeldahlova metóda, na stanovenie tukov zas poslúžila Soxhletova metóda a na prvkovú analýzu optická emisná spektrometria s indukčne viazanou plazmou ICP-OES. V teoretickej časti je popísaná história chovu sliepok, označovanie a rozdeľovanie vajec a zloženie vajec na základe rôznych aspektov. Hlavným bodom bolo rozdelenie vajca na žĺtok a bielok a jeho následné popísanie po chemickej a fyziologickej stránke. Uvedený je tiež princíp použitých metód. Experimentálna časť sa zaoberá prípravou vzoriek, kalibračných roztokov a postupom analýzy. Vo výsledkoch a diskusii sú spracované všetky výsledky, štatisticky vyhodnotené a porovnané s literatúrou. Na analýzu bolo použitých jedenásť rôznych druhov vajec z Českej republiky patriacich do šiestich rôznych kategórii.This diploma thesis is focused on the analysis of egg yolks and egg whites from chickens raised with different breeding methods in the Czech Republic using three analytical methods. The Kjeldahl method was used to determine the proteins, the Soxhlet method was used to determine the lipids and ICP-OES was used for elemental analysis. The theoretical part describes the history of chicken breeding, marking and distribution of eggs and composition of eggs based on various aspects. The main point was the separation of egg yolk and egg white and the subsequent description on the chemical and physiological level. Principle of used methods is also described. The experimental part deals with the preparation of samples, calibration samples and process analysis. All the results of analysed substances are summarized, statistically evaluated and compared with the other literature. For this analysis were used eleven different types of eggs from the Czech Republic from six different categories.

Day‐to‐day variation of the angular distribution of lightning activity calculated from ELF magnetic measurements

We study the “local” distribution of lightning activity on the Earth calculated from Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) magnetic field variations. Lightning generates strong electromagnetic impulses recorded in the ELF band as short signal spikes. Using two perpendicular magnetic antennas at our Hylaty station, we calculate the azimuths of the sources of such spikes. These ELF data are compared with selected satellite measurements available on NASA and BADC web centres. For the winter period January 8 to 9, 2006, analysed in detail, a large cyclone was observed over the Mediterranean Sea (MS). The cyclone was created in the western part of the MS and then moved eastwards along the North coast of Africa. The absence of lightning activity nearer our station allowed us to compare the ELF measurements with observations of this cyclone made from the TRMM and Meteosat‐7 satellites, using Lightning Imaging Sensor observations and full Earth disk images, respectively. The analysis proves that ELF measurements can be used for on‐line monitoring of lightning activity in the vicinity of the measuring ELF station, with the radius of effective observations being more than 2000 km. This inexpensive method can easily be used in areas without other lightning monitoring systems, or it can supplement existing ones

Study of the periodicities of lightning activity in three main thunderstorm centers based on Schumann resonance measurements

Time variations of lightning activity in the three main tropical thunderstorm centers located in the Maritime Continent (Pakistan, India, Southeast Asia, Indonesia, and Australia), Africa, and the Americas are analyzed using a lightning activity index IRS, which is calculated from the resonances of magnetic field in the extremely low frequency range—the Schumann resonances—which were observed at Hylaty station (Poland) in the time interval July 2005–May 2006. Power spectrum analysis of the IRS series is carried out for this time interval. The annual and semiannual variations are shown in all of the series together with the following characteristic periodicities: 45 (Madden–Julian oscillation), 17.6, 13.5, and 4.8 days, seen mainly in the series describing the lightning activity of the Maritime Continent. In addition, maps of the dynamical power spectrum are constructed. They present variability both in the values of characteristic periods 26–30, 17–22, 12–14, 9–10, and 5–7 days and in their duration. During the studied time interval, according to these indices, the African center was the most active, whereas the American and Maritime Continent centers showed a similar level of activity. The largest differences among the centers were observed in the summer months in the Northern Hemisphere

Solar variations in extremely low frequency propagation parameters : 2. Observations of Schumann resonances and computation of the ELF attenuation parameter

Observations of resonant electromagnetic fields caused by global lightning activity are employed in determining the averaged parameters of the lower ionosphere. Using the twodimensional telegraph equation (TDTE) transmission line model described by Kul/ ak et al. [2003], we have computed the attenuation rate of the Earth-ionosphere waveguide from diurnal observations of the N-S magnetic component of the ELF field performed irregularly for 6 years in the East Carpathian mountains. As the measurements were carried out during both the minimum and the maximum of the solar cycle 23 we present how solar activity influence the first Schumann resonance frequency and the attenuation rate. The analysis of all the data indicates that the first Schumann resonance frequency increases from 7.75 Hz at solar minimum to about 7.95 Hz at solar maximum while the global mean attenuation rate a at 8 Hz varies from 0.31 dB/Mm at minimum to about 0.26 dB/Mm at maximu

Analysis of ELF electromagnetic field pulses recorded by the Hylaty station coinciding with terrestrial gamma-ray flashes

Terrestrial gamma-ray flashes (TGFs) were registered the first time by the NASA's Compton Gamma Ray Observatory. The physical mechanism of TGF generation is not fully known, but there is a consensus among researchers that the radiation is produced by bremsstrahlung of relativistic electrons in the thunderstorm regions of the atmosphere. Therefore, TGFs have been linked to positive-polarity intracloud lightning discharges, strong positive cloud-to-ground discharges or upward discharges from a thundercloud top. The currently operating Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope is equipped with a Gamma-ray Burst Monitor that can detect terrestrial gamma-ray flashes. It opens up a new possibility to search for lightning discharges responsible for TGFs. Ground-based lightning monitoring systems in the ELF, LF and VLF ranges can be used for that purpose. The ELF systems are especially useful, since they provide a large monitoring range of several thousand kilometers for strong atmospheric discharges (charge moments above several tens of C km). In this paper we have described the data analysis method for ELF electromagnetic field pulses and applied it to study our first examples of TGFs registered by Fermi GBM coinciding with ELF pulses recorded by the Hylaty ELF station located in the Carpathian Mountains in Poland. Using our ELF electromagnetic wave propagation model we have evaluated charge moments for the two registered events to be 320 and 110 C km and provided upper limits for the remaining events

Application of the Schumann resonance spectral decomposition in characterizing the main African thunderstorm center

In this paper we present a new method for quantifying the main tropical thunderstorm regions based on extremely low frequency (ELF) electromagnetic wave measurements from a single station – the Hylaty ELF station in Central Europe. Our approach is basedon Schumann resonance (SR) measurements, which we apply as an example to thunderstorms in Africa. By solving the inverse problem, using the SR power spectrum templates derived analitically, we calculate distances to the most powerful thunderstorm centers and present simplified 1-D thunderstorm lightning activity ”maps” in absolute units C2m2/sec. We briefly describe our method of SR power spectrum analysis and present how this method is used with real observational data. We obtained the monthly lightning activity maps of the African storm centers with a spatial resolution of 1 degree and temporal resolution of 10 minutes for January and August 2011. This allowed us to study the varying location and intensities of the African storm centers in different seasons of the year. A crosscheck of the obtained lightning activity maps with TRMM satellite data recorded by the Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS), as well as the derived correlation coefficients between SR and optical data were used to validate the proposed method. We note that modeling a maximum possible number of resonance modes in the SR power spectra (in our case 7 resonances) is essential in application of the proposed approach

Study of a TGF associated with an elve using extremely low frequency electromagnetic waves

A terrestrial gamma-ray flash (TGF) associated with an Elve was recently reported by the Atmosphere-Space Interactions Monitor (ASIM) (Neubert et al., 2020, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aax3872). An extremely low frequency electromagnetic field pulse coinciding with this event was detected by two stations of our World Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) Radiolocation Array (WERA) project from a distance of more than 10,000 km. The recorded signal allowed us to radiolocate the source, determine its polarity, and calculate the charge moment of the associated atmospheric discharge. Our analysis shows that this TGF was associated with a powerful discharge that had a positive polarity and the charge moment p ≈ 125 C·km.Fil: Marchenko, Volodymyr. Jagiellonian University; PoloniaFil: Mlynarczyk, Janusz. AGH University of Science and Technology; PoloniaFil: Ostrowski, Michal. Jagiellonian University; PoloniaFil: Kulak, Andrzej. AGH University of Science and Technology; PoloniaFil: Senchenko, Olesia. Jagiellonian University; PoloniaFil: Kubisz, Jerzy. Jagiellonian University; PoloniaFil: Michalec, Adam. Jagiellonian University; PoloniaFil: Salvador, Jacobo Omar. Ministerio de Defensa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa. Ministerio de Defensa. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral; ArgentinaFil: Diaz, Nahuel Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa. Ministerio de Defensa. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa; Argentina. Ministerio de Defensa; Argentin