Illfurth – Britzgyberg

La campagne de 2016 au Britzgyberg a été consacrée principalement à la poursuite des travaux sur la bordure occidentale du plateau supérieur, avec une amplification des zones de fouille ouvertes en 2015. Trois secteurs d’aménagements, déjà identifiés en 2015 et correspondant sans doute à des phases d’occupation différentes, se trouvaient concernés : la grande palissade et les constructions associées (alignement de piliers doublant cette palissade côté interne) ; un radier de petites pierres e..

Le Picénum dans les relations transalpines (vie-ve siècle av. J.-C.)

Si le rôle joué par les populations de l’aire médio-adriatique dans les courants d’échanges entre la Méditerranée et les régions d’Europe continentale a été récemment réévalué, le mérite en revient en particulier à Cl. Rolley, qui, s’appuyant sur certaines découvertes comme celles de Numana, a souligné leurs liens avec des objets provenant de tombes hallstattiennes d’Europe moyenne. Dans la continuité de ces études, on s’efforce de cerner les différents aspects et les différentes directions de ces échanges, pour mettre en évidence le rôle dynamique du Picénum, à la fois comme relais des produits grecs en direction du nord des Alpes, et comme diffuseur de ses propres produits. À travers l’analyse de ces circulations, on voit se dessiner la complexité des réseaux dans lesquels s’insèrent les notables picéniens, tout comme leurs homologues nord-alpins ou ceux d’autres régions d’Italie

Difficultés subjectives de sommeil chez les personnes âgées présentant ou non un trouble cognitif sans démence

Les difficultés de sommeil sont fréquentes chez les personnes âgées à risque de développer une démence. Elles ont cependant été peu caractérisées jusqu'à maintenant. Le premier objectif de ce mémoire doctoral est de comparer des personnes âgées ayant un Trouble cognitif sans démence (TCSD ; condition qui accroît le risque de développer une démence) et des personnes sans trouble cognitif (non-TCSD) par rapport à plusieurs caractéristiques subjectives de sommeil. Le deuxième objectif consiste à étudier ces paramètres selon le sexe des participants. L'échantillon populationnel aléatoire est constitué de 2287 personnes franco-québécoises âgées de 65 à 96 ans. Les personnes avec un TCSD ont été identifiées sur la base d'un résultat au Mini-Mental State Examination inférieur au 15e percentile comparativement à un sous-groupe comparatif de participants stratifié selon le sexe, l'âge et le niveau de scolarité. Le Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) a été utilisé pour obtenir des mesures subjectives de sommeil. Les variables potentiellement confondantes (âge, niveau de scolarité, nombre de maladies chroniques, troubles de l'humeur, troubles anxieux et utilisation de psychotropes) ont été contrôlées statistiquement. Des tests t de Student ont été effectués pour comparer, chez les hommes et les femmes séparément, les caractéristiques de sommeil des individus avec un TCSD et sans TCSD. Ensuite, l'association entre le TCSD et chaque variable de sommeil a été mesurée par des rapports de cotes obtenus sur la base de régression logistiques. Les résultats révèlent que, tant pour les hommes que pour les femmes, aucune différence significative n'est obtenue entre les personnes avec un TCSD et sans TCSD en ce qui concerne les difficultés de sommeil. Également, aucune association significative n'est obtenue entre la présence d'un TCSD et les différents paramètres de sommeil du PSQI, et ce, tant pour les hommes que pour les femmes. Dans l'ensemble, ces résultats suggèrent que les mesures subjectives de sommeil ne différencient pas les personnes à risque de développer une démence de celles présentant un fonctionnement cognitif normal

Physiotherapy assessment of breathing pattern disorder: a qualitative evaluation

OBJECTIVES: To explore physiotherapists' opinions of physiotherapy assessment of Breathing Pattern Disorder (BPD). METHODS: Qualitative study using focus groups (FGs) with reflexive thematic analysis and survey methods. The survey was distributed via social media and email to UK specialist physiotherapy interest groups. Two FGs, conducted in different settings, included physiotherapists based in hospital outpatients/community, private practice and higher education. RESULTS: One-hundred-and-three physiotherapists completed the survey. Respondents identified a lack of consensus in how to define BPD, but some agreement in the components to include in assessment. Fifteen physiotherapists participated in the FGs. Three themes emerged from FG discussions: (1) nomenclature and language of breathing, (2) BPD and breathlessness and (3) The value of assessment of breathlessness. CONCLUSION: The inconsistent nomenclature of dysfunctional breathing pattern impacts assessment, management and understanding of the diagnosis. Clarity in diagnosis, informing consistency in assessment, is fundamental to improving recognition and treatment of BPD. The findings are useful in the planning of education, training, future research and guideline development in BPD assessment

Psoriasis as a Predictor of Cardiometabolic Comorbidity in Women:A Study Based on the Danish National Birth Cohort

Psoriasis is associated with cardiometabolic comorbidity; however, whether this is due to common lifestyle-related risk factors is unclear. This study investigated the association between psoriasis and cardiometabolic comorbidity, taking body mass index and smoking into account. The population comprised expectant mothers in the Danish National Birth Cohort (established 1996–2002). During pregnancy, the women were asked about physician-diagnosed psoriasis. Any association with self-reported cardiometabolic comorbidity 11 years later was assessed using logistic regression. The cohort was also followed up for hospital-diagnosed comorbidity, including cardiac death, until 31 December 2014, and the risk was assessed using Cox regression. A total of 2,435 women with psoriasis (2.90%) and 81,388 women without were identified. Psoriasis was significantly associated with self-reported hypercholesterolaemia (adjusted odds ratio 1.31; 1.01–1.70) and hospital-diagnosed hypertension (adjusted hazard ratio 1.33; 1.08–1.65). Women with psoriasis have an increased risk of developing cardiometabolic comorbidity in early adult life

The challenges of a public data release : behind the scenes of SDSS DR13

The Sloan Digitial Sky Surveys (SDSS) have been collecting imaging and spectoscopic data since 1998. These data as well as their derived data products are made publicly available through regular data releases, of which the 13th took place summer 2016. Although public data releases can be challenging to manage, they significantly increase the impact of a survey, both scientifically and educationally.Postprin

Moral distress among intensive care unit professions in the UK : a mixed-methods study

Objective: To assess the experience of moral distress among intensive care unit (ICU) professionals in the UK. Design: Mixed methods: validated quantitative measure of moral distress followed by purposive sample of respondents who underwent semistructured interviews. Setting: Four ICUs of varying sizes and specialty facilities. Participants: Healthcare professionals working in ICU. Results: 227 questionnaires were returned and 15 interviews performed. Moral distress occurred across all ICUs and professional demographics. It was most commonly related to providing care perceived as futile or against the patient’s wishes/interests, followed by resource constraints compromising care. Moral distress score was independently influenced by profession (p=0.02) (nurses 117.0 vs doctors 78.0). A lack of agency was central to moral distress and its negative experience could lead to withdrawal from engaging with patients/families. One-third indicated their intention to leave their current post due to moral distress and this was greater among nurses than doctors (37.0% vs 15.0%). Moral distress was independently associated with an intention to leave their current post (p<0.0001) and a previous post (p=0.001). Participants described a range of individualised coping strategies tailored to the situations faced. The most common and highly valued strategies were informal and relied on working within a supportive environment along with a close-knit team, although participants acknowledged there was a role for structured and formalised intervention. Conclusions: Moral distress is widespread among UK ICU professionals and can have an important negative impact on patient care, professional wellbeing and staff retention, a particularly concerning finding as this study was performed prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. Moral distress due to resource-related issues is more severe than comparable studies in North America. Interventions to support professionals should recognise the individualistic nature of coping with moral distress. The value of close-knit teams and supportive environments has implications for how intensive care services are organised

Sexual violence in older adults : a Belgian prevalence study

Background: Sexual violence (SV) is an important public health problem which may cause long-lasting health problems. SV in older adults remains neglected in research, policies and practices. Valid SV prevalence estimates and associated risk factors in older adults are currently unavailable. Objective: To measure lifetime and past 12-months sexual victimisation in older adults living in Belgium, its correlates, assailant characteristics and the way that victims framed their SV experiences. Design: Cross-sectional general population study. Setting: Community-dwelling, assisted living and nursing homes. Participants: 513 people of 70 years and older living in Belgium. Methods: SV was measured using behaviourally specific questions based on a broad definition of SV. Participants were selected via a cluster random probability sampling with a random route finding approach. Information on sexual victimisation, correlates, assailant characteristics and framing was collected via structured face-to-face interviews. Results: Lifetime SV prevalence was 44% (55% F, 29% M). Past 12-months prevalence was 8% (9% F, 8% M). Female sex and a higher number of sexual partners were associated with lifetime SV (p <.05), non-heterosexual sexual orientation with past 12-months SV (p <.05). Correlates generally linked to elder abuse and neglect were not linked with SV. ‘Someone unknown’ was identified as most common assailant. Conclusions: SV appears to be common in older adults in Belgium. Both correlates and assailant characteristics seem to differ from previous studies on elder abuse and neglect. Recognising older adults as a risk group for sexual victimisation in research, policies and practices is of the utmost importance