O tratamento com ozônio pode ser uma alternativa promissora para a osteomielite? Um estudo experimental.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the biochemical and histopathological impact of ozone treatment in an experimental model of osteomyelitis in rats. Methods: A total of 24 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (3 months old, each weighing 300 to 400 g) were randomly allocated into three groups. Group I (n=8) served as a control and received no interventions or medications. In Group II (n=8), osteomyelitis was induced in the femur and no treatment was applied. Group III (n=8) received intraperitoneal ozone treatment for 3 weeks after the formation of osteomyelitis in the femur. Serum samples were taken to assess total antioxidant capacity (TAC), protein carbonyl content (PCO), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Bone specimens obtained from the femur were histopathologically evaluated for inflammation, necrosis, osteomyelitis, and abscess formation. Results: Serum TAC levels were notably higher (p<0.001), while LDH levels were lower (p=0.002) in Group III than Group II. No significant difference was detected between groups with respect to PCO level. Similarly, Group III displayed more favorable histopathological outcomes with respect to osteomyelitis (p=0.008), inflammation (p=0.001), necrosis (p=0.022), and abscess formation (p=0.022). Conclusion: Ozone may be a useful adjunct treatment for osteomyelitis. Further studies in animals and humans are needed to clarify and confirm these preventive effects, understand the underlying pathophysiology, and establish guidelines. Level of Evidence II; Prospective comparative study.Objetivo: O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar o impacto bioquímico e histopatológico do tratamento de ozônio em modelo experimental de osteomielite em ratos. Métodos: Vinte e quatro ratos Sprague-Dawley machos adultos (3 meses de idade, pesando de 300 a 400 g) foram alocados randomicamente em três grupos. O grupo I (n = 8) serviu como controle. No Grupo II (n = 8), o modelo de osteomielite experimental foi induzido no fêmur e não foi aplicado nenhum tratamento. O grupo III (n = 8) recebeu tratamento com ozônio intraperitoneal por 3 semanas depois da formação de osteomielite no fêmur. Foram coletadas amostras de sangue para avaliar a capacidade antioxidante total (CAT), a concentração da proteína carbonil (PCO) e da lactato desidrogenase (LDH) no soro. As amostras do fêmur foram avaliadas por histopatologia quanto a inflamação, necrose, osteomielite e formação de abscesso. Resultados: Os níveis séricos de TAC foram notavelmente maiores (p < 0,001), enquanto os níveis de LDH foram menores (p = 0,002) no Grupo III em comparação com o Grupo II. Nenhuma diferença significativa foi detectada entre os grupos com relação ao nível de PCO. Do mesmo modo, o Grupo III apresentou resultados histopatológicos mais favoráveis para osteomielite (p = 0,008), inflamação (p = 0,001), necrose (p = 0,022) e formação de abscesso (p = 0,022). Conclusão: O ozônio pode ser um tratamento adjuvante útil na osteomielite. Mais estudos com animais e com seres humanos são necessários para esclarecer e confirmar esses efeitos preventivos, compreender a fisiopatologia subjacente e estabelecer diretrizes. Nível de Evidência II; Estudo prospectivo comparativo

Predictive value of inflammatory cell ratios in incidental thyroid papillary carcinoma

Introduction: Due to the well-known relationship between inflammatory processes and carcinogenesis, the diagnostic and prognostic value of systemic inflammatory markers are at the focus of research. This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of inflammatory cell data obtained from complete blood count in incidentally detected thyroid papillary carcinoma. Methods: A total of 100 cases were included in the study, consisting of histopathologically diagnosed multinodular hyperplasia (MNH) (N = 20), lymphocytic thyroiditis (LT) (n = 20), incidental thyroid papillary carcinoma (ITPC) (n = 20), incidental papillary carcinoma and lymphocytic thyroiditis (ITPCLT) (n = 20), and thyroid papillary carcinoma (TPC) (n = 20). Neutrophil / lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet/ lymphocyte ratio (PLR), platelet/neutrophil ratio (PNR), lymphocyte/ monocyte ratio (LMR) and lymphocyte/ eosinophil ratio (LER) values were compared between the groups. Results: No significant difference was detected between the groups concerning the mean inflammatory cell and platelet values. However, statistical significance was observed between the ITPC and ITPCLT groups regarding the mean LMR and LER values (p=0.009 and p=0.037, respectively). Higher LMR was found in the ITPC group, while higher LER was seen in the ITPCLT group. Conclusions: We suggest that besides ratios such as NLR and PLR used as systemic inflammatory markers in carcinogenetic processes, the evaluation of LER and LMR might be imperative as well. Therefore, these potential markers should be studied in bigger series of tumors, especially where inflammatory processes are involved in the etiology

Potential therapeutic effect of pomegranate seed oil on ovarian ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats

Objective(s): The aim of this study is to determine the therapeutic effects of pomegranate seed oil, which is a powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent, on ovarian-ischemia and reperfusion injury in rats.Materials and Methods: Fifty-six  female albino Wistar rats were divided into 7 equal groups. Group 1; Sham Operation, Group 2; Ischemia, Group 3; Ischemia + Reperfusion, Group 4; Ischemia + Pomegranate 0,32 ml / kg (IP), Group 5; Ischemia + Pomegranate 0.64 ml / kg, Group 6; Ischemia + Pomegranate 0,32 ml / kg + reperfusion, Group 7; Ischemia + Pomegranate 0,64 ml / kg + reperfusion. Three hours after ischemia and 3 hours after reperfusion, the study was terminated. Results: While NADPH oxidase activity, MDA and TNF-α levels were significantly increased, SOD activity and GSH levels were reduced in ischemia and I/R groups. Low dose pomegranate seed oil  application reduced significantly oxidative stress and NADPH oxidase activity in both ischemic and ischemic/reperfusion groups. At the same time, low-dose pomegranate seed oil extract reduced TNF-α levels and significantly increased antioxidant activity.Conclusion: PSO demonstrated an important therapeutic effect in the treatment of ovarian ischemia and reperfusion injury

The investigation of the prognostic factors that affect prognosis and response to treatment in cervical carcinoma

Amaç: Serviks kanseri (SK) yıllık yaklaşık 750.000 yeni vaka ile dünya çapında en sık görülen jinekolojik malignitedir. Çalışmamız SKnın histopatolojik ve klinik özelliklerini ortaya koymanın yanısıra; bu olgularda immunhistokimyasal olarak glukoz taşıyıcı 1 (GLUT-1) ve maspin ekspresyonlarının ve myeloperoksidaz (MPO) gen polimorfizminin klinikopatolojik parametreler ile ilişkisinin araştırılması ve bu ilişkinin prognoz ve sağkalıma etkili olup olmadığını göstermeyi amaçlamaktadır. Gereç ve Yöntem: 1992- 2012 yılları arasında Serviks Karsinomu tanısı olan 114 olgu çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Olgulara ait tümörü içeren bloklardan hazırlanan 10 mikron kalınlığındaki kesitler steril ve DNA-RNA free ependorf tüplerine alınmıştır ve bu kesitlerden PCR-RFLP ile MPO gen polimorfizmi çalışılmıştır. Aynı bloklardan quick ray sistemi kullanılarak çapı 5 mm olan ve 20 adet doku koru mikroarray kalıplarına yerleştirilmiştir. Daha sonra bu kalıplar bloklanmış ve elde edilen bloklardan yapılan 4 mikron kalınlıktaki kesitlere GLUT-1 ve Maspin immunhistokimyaları uygulanmıştır. Bulguların , klinikopatolojik prognostik parametreler ile lokal nüks, uzak metastaz, sağkalım ile ilişkisi araştırılmıştır. Bulgular: GLUT-1 ve Maspin ekspresyonları ile tümör tipi, lenf nodu ve lenfovasküler invazyon (LVI) durumu gibi patolojik ve lokal nüks, metastaz arasında istatistiksel anlamlılık bulunmamıştır. Ancak maspin ekspresyonu ile evre arasında ilişki saptanmıştır (p=0.048). MPO genotip analizi sonuçları ile de tümör tipi, lenf nodu ve lenfovasküler invazyon (LVI) durumu, cerrahi sınır (CS), parametrium (PM), sıvı, vajen tutulumu, lokal nüks, metastaz arasında ilişki saptanmamıştır. Yalnızca endometrium (EM) tutulumu ile AG ve GG genotipleri arasında istatistiksel anlamlı farklılık izlenmiştir (p=0.015). Sonuç: Çalışmamızda Maspin ekspresyonu ve evre arasında anlamlı ilişki saptadık. Ancak aynı ilişkiyi GLUT-1 ekspresyonu ile saptamadık. Ayrıca literatürde prognozu etkilediği belirtilen evre, tümör tipi, lenf düğümü durumu, LVI, PM durumu ve hastaların sağkalımı ile de GLUT-1 ve maspin ekspresyonunun anlamlı ilişkisi olmadığını bulduk. Benzer şekilde MPO gen polimorfizminin de prognoz için anlamlı bir belirteç olmadığını saptadık. Aim: Cervical cancer is the the most common gynecologic malignancy worldwide with approximately 750,000 new cases of annually. The aim of this study was to pose the histopathologic and clinical features of cervical carcinoma, as well as, the immunohistochemical expression of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT-1) and Maspin, myeloperoxidase (MPO) gene polymorphisms and their association with clinicopathological parameters in these cases and whether this relationship is effective with prognosis and survival. Methods: 114 patients were included in this study with the diagnosis of cervix carcinoma between 1992-2012. 10 micron thick sections were prepared from the blocs of the cases which demonstrates tumor and put into DNA-RNA free sterile eppendorf tubes and sections were studied PCR-RFLP for MPO gene polymorphism. Tissue cores of 5 mm has taken by using the same blocks with Quick ray system and placed in the patterns of tissue microarrays comtaining 20 pieces cor. Then these patterns are blocked and 4 micron thick sections were taken and immunstained with GLUT-1 and Maspin. The relationship is investigated between findings and clinicopathological prognostic factors, local recurrence, distant metastasis and survival. Results: Tumor type, lymph node invasion, and lymphovascular invasion (LVI) and clinic parameters like recurrence and metastasis have not show statistically significant difference with the presence of GLUT-1 and Maspin immunreactivity. However, the relationship between mapin expression and stage show statistically significant difference (p = 0.048). The results of MPO genotype found no correlation between tumor type, lymph node invasion, lymphovascular invasion (LVI) and involvement of surgical margin, parametrium, vagen, abdominal fluid and recurrence, metastasis with the analysis. Only the involvement of the endometrium showed statistically significant difference between the AG and GG genotypes (p=0.015). Conclusion: In our study we observed that the presence of maspin expression and stage have shown statistically significant difference but we could not detect the same difference between GLUT-1 presence and stage. Also we did not find any correlation between GLUT-1 and maspin expression with the factors which are mentioned in the literature that affect prognosis and survival like stage, tumor type, lymph node status, LVI, involvement of parametrium. Furthermore we found that MPO gene polymorphism is not a significant marker for prognosis

HIGH LIPOCALIN-2 EXPRESSION INCREASES PEMETREXED SENSITIVITY IN PATIENTS WITH LUNG ADENOCARCINOMA

Introduction: The aim of this study is to determine the expression level of lipocalin-2 protein in human lung adenocarcinom tissues and to evaluate the relationship between its expression levels and clinicopathological parameters, including response to pemetrexed, degree of tumor differentiation, driver mutation status, progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS)

Hepatoprotective and nephroprotective effects of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. (Fenugreek) seed extract against sodium nitrite toxicity in rats

Introduction: Feeding habits and environmental factors may rival genetic susceptibility as etiological factors related to various cancers. Humans are continuously exposed to many synthetic food additives, one of which is sodium nitrite (NaNO2). There is a direct correlation between increases in consumption of nitrite-treated products and incidence of tissue damage, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity and some types of cancer. The objective of this study was to investigate the protective effects of Trigonella foenurn-graecum (TFG) on NaNO2-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Methods: Forty rats were randomly assigned (10 per group) to control (physiological saline solution), TFG (150 mg/kg/day), NaNO2 (80 mg/kg/day), and NaNO2+TFG (80 mg/kg/day + 150 mg/kg/day) groups. This group was offered TFG seed extract two hours before NaNO2. At the end of three months, the rats were decapitated, and blood, kidney and liver tissues were removed. Results: Three months of oral administration of NaNO2 increased serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), urea, creatinine, and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in the liver and kidney tissues [except for liver Interleukin 1 alpha (IL-1 alpha)] of rats. Serum AST, ALT, urea, creatinine, liver IL-6, and kidney tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), IL-6, IL-1 alpha levels significantly decreased in the NaNO2 +TFG group compared to the NaNO2 group. Pathological examinations, it was determined show that exogenously administered TFG could alleviate the effects of NaNO2 hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Conclusions: Our results suggest that exogenous TFG mitigates NaNO2-administration induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. TFG extract exerted antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects, and played a significant role in preventing hepatic and renal damage induced by chronic NaNO2 administration

COULD OZONE TREATMENT BE A PROMISING ALTERNATIVE FOR OSTEOMYELITIS? AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the biochemical and histopathological impact of ozone treatment in an experimental model of osteomyelitis in rats. Methods: A total of 24 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (3 months old, each weighing 300 to 400 g) were randomly allocated into three groups. Group I (n=8) served as a control and received no interventions or medications. In Group II (n=8), osteomyelitis was induced in the femur and no treatment was applied. Group III (n=8) received intraperitoneal ozone treatment for 3 weeks after the formation of osteomyelitis in the femur. Serum samples were taken to assess total antioxidant capacity (TAC), protein carbonyl content (PCO), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Bone specimens obtained from the femur were histopathologically evaluated for inflammation, necrosis, osteomyelitis, and abscess formation. Results: Serum TAC levels were notably higher (p<0.001), while LDH levels were lower (p=0.002) in Group III than Group II. No significant difference was detected between groups with respect to PCO level. Similarly, Group III displayed more favorable histopathological outcomes with respect to osteomyelitis (p=0.008), inflammation (p=0.001), necrosis (p=0.022), and abscess formation (p=0.022). Conclusion: Ozone may be a useful adjunct treatment for osteomyelitis. Further studies in animals and humans are needed to clarify and confirm these preventive effects, understand the underlying pathophysiology, and establish guidelines

Predictive and Prognostic Role of Lipocalin-2 Expression in Prostate Cancer and Its Association with Gleason Score

Lipocalin-2 has an important role in tumor progression, invasion, and metastasis. However, its role in prostate cancer remains unclear. The objective of this study is to determine the expression level of lipocalin-2 in human prostate cancer tissues and to evaluate the relationship between its expression level and clinicopathologic parameters including response to docetaxel treatment, Gleason score, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). We retrospectively analyzed paraffin-embedded tissue sections from 33 metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients whose clinical outcomes had been tracked after docetaxel treatment. The expression status of lipocalin-2 was defined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) using the anti-lipocalin-2 antibody. Lipocalin-2 was highly expressed in 36% of the examined specimens. There was no significant correlation between high lipocalin-2 expression and docetaxel response (p:0.09). High lipocalin-2 expression was significantly associated with a higher Gleason score (p=0.027). Kaplan–Meier survival analysis failed to show a significant correlation between expression levels of lipocalin-2 and both OS and PFS although patients with high lipocalin-2 levels had a numerically shorter PFS and OS time compared to patients with low levels. Consequently, it is clear that further studies are needed to evaluate the predictive and prognostic role of lipocalin-2 in prostate cancer patients

A new organ preservation solution for static cold storage of the liver. Amniotic fluid

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of amniotic fluid in liver preservation in organ transplantation, and compare it with standard preservation solutions