Acute mountain sickness susceptibility and basic cognitive function after a brief simulated altitude of 4800 M

Twelve climbers with not been exposed in the last 12 months at high altitude were evaluated using verbal, spatial, reasoning and numerical tasks from Thurstone''s (1969) Primary Mental Abilities (PMA) test. These tasks were undertaken before and immediately after completing the Richalet et al. (1988) Normobaric Hypoxic (NH) test, which evaluates the acute mountain sickness (AMS) risk using a FiO2 of 11.5% during rest and exercise. A control group of eight climbers did not perform the NH test, so as to rule out the possible learning effect of the PMA test. Four participants (33%) from the experimental group were classified as having high-susceptibility to AMS. However, the PMA test performed after the NH test did not significantly differ from the one carried out before the NH test or from the cognitive abilities measured in the control group (p > .05)

Síndrome poliuria-polidipsia : ¿Como abordaría el diagnóstico?

El síndrome poliuria-polidipsia (PU/PD) es una entidad clínica que se presenta como signo predominante de numerosos procesos del perro y del gato. Tras un recuerdo fisiológico de los factores reguladores de la homeostasis del agua, presentamos las distintas etiologías responsables del síndrome PU/PD y los mecanismos fisiopatológicos implicados. Posteriormente se indican las pruebas laboratoriales más adecuadas para el diagnóstico y se recomienda una sistemática para abordar el diagnóstico diferencial. Terminamos exponiendo 8 casos clínicos en los que se plantean las historias, exploración y pruebas laboratoriales, discutiéndose finalmente el diagnóstico de los mismos.The polyuria-polydipsia syndrorne (PU/PD) is a clinical picture that is present in a lot of diseases of dog and cat. Firstly we study a physiologycal revision of mechanisms that control the homeostasis of the water, and after we describe the different causes of its physiopathology. The laboratory test more adecuated for the diagnosis are indicated and so the best way to do the differential diagnosis. Eventually we finish with clinical history, symptonms and laboratory findings are studied to arrive a diagnosis

Ammonia levels in different kinds of sampling sites in the central Iberian Peninsula

Ponencia presentada en:2nd Iberian Meeting on Aerosol Science and Technology (RICTA 2014) celebrado en Tarragona del 7 al 9 de julio de 2014.Ammonia is the Secondary Inorganic Aerosol (SIC) gaseous precursor which has been studied to a lesser extent in the Madrid Metropolitan Area up to date. A study conducted in the city of Madrid with the aim of characterizing levels of ammonia took place in 2011. These campaigns formed part of a larger study conducted in 6 Spanish cities. A time series of weekly integrated ammonia measurements available at an EMEP rural site (Campisábalos) has been used to obtain information on the ammonia rural background in the region. The results point to traffic and waste treatment plants as the main ammonia sources in Madrid. Relevant seasonal differences have not been observed in the Metropolitan Area. The explanation can be related to the fall in the rural background levels during July 2011, which might conceal urban summer emission increases observed in other cities

Conformal structures of static vacuum data

In the Cauchy problem for asymptotically flat vacuum data the solution-jets along the cylinder at space-like infinity develop in general logarithmic singularities at the critical sets at which the cylinder touches future/past null infinity. The tendency of these singularities to spread along the null generators of null infinity obstructs the development of a smooth conformal structure at null infinity. For the solution-jets arising from time reflection symmetric data to extend smoothly to the critical sets it is necessary that the Cotton tensor of the initial three-metric h satisfies a certain conformally invariant condition (*) at space-like infinity, it is sufficient that h be asymptotically static at space-like infinity. The purpose of this article is to characterize the gap between these conditions. We show that with the class of metrics which satisfy condition (*) on the Cotton tensor and a certain non-degeneracy requirement is associated a one-form $\kappa$ with conformally invariant differential $d\kappa$. We provide two criteria: If $h$ is real analytic, $\kappa$ is closed, and one of it integrals satisfies a certain equation then h is conformal to static data near space-like infinity. If h is smooth, $\kappa$ is asymptotically closed, and one of it integrals satisfies a certain equation asymptotically then h is asymptotically conformal to static data at space-like infinity.Comment: 68 pages, typos corrected, references and details adde

Geometric inequalities for axially symmetric black holes

A geometric inequality in General Relativity relates quantities that have both a physical interpretation and a geometrical definition. It is well known that the parameters that characterize the Kerr-Newman black hole satisfy several important geometric inequalities. Remarkably enough, some of these inequalities also hold for dynamical black holes. This kind of inequalities play an important role in the characterization of the gravitational collapse, they are closed related with the cosmic censorship conjecture. Axially symmetric black holes are the natural candidates to study these inequalities because the quasi-local angular momentum is well defined for them. We review recent results in this subject and we also describe the main ideas behind the proofs. Finally, a list of relevant open problem is presented.Comment: 65 pages, 5 figures. Review article, to appear in Class. Quantum Grav. as Topical Review. Improved presentation, minor corrections, references updat

Fish oil microcapsules from O/W emulsions produced by premix membrane emulsification

10.1007/s11947-012-0950-