Ser moda. Apuntes sobre los modos de afirmarse en el mundo o en el mercado de las identidades

En este artículo el autor reflexiona sobre el significado de los conceptos «ser moda», y «estar a la moda», expresiones que se mueven respectivamente en las esferas del «ser» y el «parecer», en la naturalidad del sujeto que es, y en la artificialidad de aquel que se crea una identidad social. Para desarrollar su teoría Alberto Abruzzese acude a la obra del sociólogo Georg Simmel, que le sirve como base para analizar el papel que la moda ha ocupado en el desarrollo de las sociedades modernas. El autor apunta las características y contradicciones del estatuto de la moda, que no sólo tiene la capacidad de crear pertenencia social, sino que también cumple el objetivo de diferenciar al sujeto del grupo en el que desea insertarse, precisamente, mediante los usos de la moda.In this paper the meaning of «being fashion» and of «being fashionable» is analyzed. This expressions are related to the concepts «being» and «appearance», to the natural behavior of «the one that is» and the artificiality of «the one that creates» a social identity. The author uses sociologist Georg Simmel’s theory to analyze the role of fashion in modern society. He describes the characteristics and contradictions of fashion such as creating social membership and differentiating the subject within the group

Non luoghi a procedere

L’Autore comincia questo saggio dedicando un’ampia analisi al film del regista Richard C. Sarafian Punto Zero (Vanishing Point) del 1971, mettendone in risalto le implicazioni che attribuisce al viaggio e la peculiarità che all’interno di esso assume il rapporto uomo-macchina. La seconda parte del saggio è dedicata al viaggio come «invenzione occidentale», facendone emergere le molteplici dimensioni e mettendolo infine in relazione alle trasformazioni che le nuove tecnologie e i nuovi media stanno imponendo alla nostra percezione dello spazio e del tempo. The author begins this essay by dedicating an extensive analysis to the 1971 film by director Richard C. Sarafian Punto Zero (Vanishing Point), highlighting the implications it attributes to travel and the peculiarity that the man-machine relationship takes on within it. The second part of the essay is dedicated to travel as a "western invention", highlighting its multiple dimensions and finally relating it to the transformations that new technologies and new media are imposing on our perception of space and time

«Cultura de Masas»

Estudio sobre el término "cultura de masas

Development and application of a MLST panel for the identification of informative polymorphisms in Leishmania infantum strains in the Mediterranean region

Background. Leishmaniasis is a zoonotic disease endemic in the Mediterranean region, where the causative agent of human and canine infection is Leishmania infantum. The spread of leishmaniasis is associated with population movements, ecology of phlebotomine vectors, and reservoir host. We used multilocus sequence typing (MLST) to explore the genetic variability of L. infantum strains in the Mediterranean region, including the borderline territory of Pantelleria island, and identify informative polymorphisms for rapid identification of genotypes through high-resolution melt (HRM)-based assays. Material and Methods. A customized sequencing panel targeting 14 housekeeping genes was designed and MLST analysis was performed using the Ion Torrent S5 on 9 L. infantum strains/isolates: 5 canine isolates (3 from Pantelleria Island and 2 from central Italy), and 4 human isolates/strains from Tunisia, France, central and southern Italy. MLST results and in silico analysis of sequences available in Genbank allowed to select two informative polymorphisms on ME and GPI genes (390T/G and 1834A/G, respectively) used to develop two HRM-based assays for fast screening of 28 clinical samples. Results. The MLST analysis identified a single L. infantum clonal complex regardless of the geographic origin or host (human or canine), except for the human isolate from central Italy that showed polymorphisms in 11 out of 14 housekeeping genes, and clustered independently in a molecular phylogenetic analysis. Successively, the screening through HRM-based assays of 28 clinical samples from central/south Italy and Pantelleria island allowed to identify 6 diploid sequence types (DSTs). Interestingly, the sequence type 390T/1834A was found only in Pantelleria island (prevalence 75%). Conclusion. This study represents a description of the genetic variability of L. infantum through a first approach based on MLST and then by HRM analysis on selected polymorphisms. The HRM assays could be used as fast and cheap tools for epidemiological surveillance of L. infantum

Genetic predisposition and induced pro-inflammatory/pro-oxidative status may play a role in increased atherothrombotic events in nilotinib treated chronic myeloid leukemia patients

Several reports described an increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) events, mainly atherothrombotic, in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) patients receiving nilotinib. However, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. The objective of the current cross-sectional retrospective study is to address a potential correlation between Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs) treatment and CV events. One hundred and 10 chronic phase CML patients in complete cytogenetic response during nilotinib or imatinib, were screened for CV events and evaluated for: traditional CV risk factors, pro/anti-inflammatory biochemical parameters and detrimental ORL1 gene polymorphisms (encoding for altered oxidized LDL receptor-1). Multivariate analysis of the whole cohort showed that the cluster of co-existing nilotinib treatment, dyslipidaemia and G allele of LOX-1 polymorphism was the only significant finding associated with CV events. Furthermore, multivariate analysis according to TKI treatment confirmed IVS4-14 G/G LOX-1 polymorphism as the strongest predictive factor for a higher incidence of CV events in nilotinib patients. Biochemical assessment showed an unbalanced pro-inflammatory cytokines network in nilotinib vs imatinib patients. Surprisingly, pre-existing traditional CV risk factors were not always predictive of CV events. We believe that in nilotinib patients an induced "inflammatory/oxidative status", together with a genetic pro-atherothrombotic predisposition, may favour the increased incidence of CV events. Prospective studies focused on this issue are ongoing

Risk of progression in chronic phase-chronic myeloid leukemia patients eligible for tyrosine kinase inhibitor discontinuation: Final analysis of the TFR-PRO study

Disease progression to accelerated/blast phase (AP/BP) in patients with chronic phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CP-CML) after treatment discontinuation (TD) has never been systematically reported in clinical trials. However, recent reports of several such cases has raised concern. To estimate the risk of AP/BP among TD-eligible patients, we conducted TFR-PRO, a cohort retro-prospective study: 870 CP-CML patients eligible for TD formed a discontinuation cohort (505 patients) and a reference one (365 patients). The primary objective was the time adjusted rate (TAR) of progression in relation to TD. Secondary endpoints included the TAR of molecular relapse, that is, loss of major molecular response (MMR). With a median follow up of 5.5 years and 5188.2 person-years available, no events occurred in the TD cohort. One event of progression was registered 55 months after the end of TD, when the patient was contributing to the reference cohort. The TAR of progression was 0.019/100 person-years (95% CI [0.003-0.138]) in the overall group; 0.0 (95% CI [0-0.163]) in the discontinuation cohort; and 0.030 (95% CI [0.004-0.215]) in the reference cohort. These differences are not statistically significant. Molecular relapses occurred in 172/505 (34.1%) patients after TD, and in 64/365 (17.5%) patients in the reference cohort, p < .0001. Similar rates were observed in TD patients in first, second or third line of treatment. CML progression in patients eligible for TD is rare and not related to TD. Fears about the risk of disease progression among patients attempting TD should be dissipated

Residual peripheral blood CD26+leukemic stem cells in chronic myeloid leukemia patients during TKI therapy and during treatment-free remission

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients in sustained “deep molecular response” may stop TKI treatment without disease recurrence; however, half of them lose molecular response shortly after TKI withdrawing. Well-defined eligibility criteria to predict a safe discontinuation up-front are still missing. Relapse is probably due to residual quiescent TKI-resistant leukemic stem cells (LSCs) supposedly transcriptionally low/silent and not easily detectable by BCR-ABL1 qRT-PCR. Bone marrow Ph+ CML CD34+/CD38− LSCs were found to specifically co-express CD26 (dipeptidylpeptidase-IV). We explored feasibility of detecting and quantifying CD26+ LSCs by flow cytometry in peripheral blood (PB). Over 400 CML patients (at diagnosis and during/after therapy) entered this cross-sectional study in which CD26 expression was evaluated by a standardized multiparametric flow cytometry analysis on PB CD45+/CD34+/CD38− stem cell population. All 120 CP-CML patients at diagnosis showed measurable PB CD26+ LSCs (median 19.20/μL, range 0.27–698.6). PB CD26+ LSCs were also detectable in 169/236 (71.6%) CP-CML patients in first-line TKI treatment (median 0.014 cells/μL; range 0.0012–0.66) and in 74/112 (66%), additional patients studied on treatment-free remission (TFR) (median 0.015/μL; range 0.006–0.76). Notably, no correlation between BCR-ABL/ABLIS ratio and number of residual LSCs was found both in patients on or off TKIs. This is the first evidence that “circulating” CML LSCs persist in the majority of CML patients in molecular response while on TKI treatment and even after TKI discontinuation. Prospective studies evaluating the dynamics of PB CD26+ LSCs during TKI treatment and the role of a “stem cell response” threshold to achieve and maintain TFR are ongoing

Le attività del gruppo operativo INGV "SISMIKO" durante la sequenza sismica "Amatrice 2016",

SISMIKO è un gruppo operativo dell’Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) che coordina tutte le Reti Sismiche Mobili INGVPublishedLecce3T. Sorgente sismica4T. Sismicità dell'Italia8T. Sismologia in tempo reale1SR TERREMOTI - Sorveglianza Sismica e Allerta Tsunami2SR TERREMOTI - Gestione delle emergenze sismiche e da maremoto3SR TERREMOTI - Attività dei Centr

SISMIKO:emergency network deployment and data sharing for the 2016 central Italy seismic sequence

At 01:36 UTC (03:36 local time) on August 24th 2016, an earthquake Mw 6.0 struck an extensive sector of the central Apennines (coordinates: latitude 42.70° N, longitude 13.23° E, 8.0 km depth). The earthquake caused about 300 casualties and severe damage to the historical buildings and economic activity in an area located near the borders of the Umbria, Lazio, Abruzzo and Marche regions. The Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) located in few minutes the hypocenter near Accumoli, a small town in the province of Rieti. In the hours after the quake, dozens of events were recorded by the National Seismic Network (Rete Sismica Nazionale, RSN) of the INGV, many of which had a ML > 3.0. The density and coverage of the RSN in the epicentral area meant the epicenter and magnitude of the main event and subsequent shocks that followed it in the early hours of the seismic sequence were well constrained. However, in order to better constrain the localizations of the aftershock hypocenters, especially the depths, a denser seismic monitoring network was needed. Just after the mainshock, SISMIKO, the coordinating body of the emergency seismic network at INGV, was activated in order to install a temporary seismic network integrated with the existing permanent network in the epicentral area. From August the 24th to the 30th, SISMIKO deployed eighteen seismic stations, generally six components (equipped with both velocimeter and accelerometer), with thirteen of the seismic station transmitting in real-time to the INGV seismic monitoring room in Rome. The design and geometry of the temporary network was decided in consolation with other groups who were deploying seismic stations in the region, namely EMERSITO (a group studying site-effects), and the emergency Italian strong motion network (RAN) managed by the National Civil Protection Department (DPC). Further 25 BB temporary seismic stations were deployed by colleagues of the British Geological Survey (BGS) and the School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh in collaboration with INGV. All data acquired from SISMIKO stations, are quickly available at the European Integrated Data Archive (EIDA). The data acquired by the SISMIKO stations were included in the preliminary analysis that was performed by the Bollettino Sismico Italiano (BSI), the Centro Nazionale Terremoti (CNT) staff working in Ancona, and the INGV-MI, described below