Evaluation of public policies in Portuguese regional development context – a preliminary methodological approach supported in north region

The evaluation of territorial programs and plans has been gaining importance, both in political-institutional speeches and practices and in academic reflections. In Portugal, the structure of planning, operacionalized on a vast number of quite recent instruments, requires an effort of articulation in the guidelines to various scales (from European until the municipal) and of the various fields (some sectoral, others, of more transversal nature). The development of monitoring systems, as well as the generalisation of the evaluation procedures, answer to the need of articulation between policies and support the strategic nature that is planning today. As a part of the Research Project SPOTIA - Sustainable Spatial Policy Orientations and Territorial Impact Assessment - Contribution to Portuguese context' (Centre of Geographical Studies – University of Lisbon to the Ministry of Science and Technologies), this paper aims to present an example of the first outputs of this research on the analysis of coherence between three different instruments planning, such as the National Policy Planning (PNPOT), a guiding document of national level, the Regional Spatial Plan to Northern Territory (PROT-Norte), the regional guidance document, and the Regional Operational Programme (PO-Norte), the regional program associated to a financing plan and program implementation. The analysis of coherence between these documents is not only between their general, strategic and specific objectives, but also by the indicator system assessment of each document. With this analysis we can reach the domains that are constantly, or not, present in these documents. In this context, a first essay of a methodological approach on evaluation of public policies in Portuguese context will be presented.

O brincar na rotina doméstica para a promoção do desenvolvimento infantil: estudo transversal

Objetivo: Analisar a associação entre a incorporação do brincar na rotina doméstica de cuidadoras e o desenvolvimento infantil de crianças sob seu cuidado. Método: Estudo transversal conduzido com 129 díades cuidadora-criança de 12-23 meses, na região sul de São Paulo. O desenvolvimento infantil foi avaliado com a utilização do Ages & Stages Questionnaire-3, e a incorporação do brincar na rotina doméstica, por meio de questionário e filmagem das díades em atividades relacionadas à rotina doméstica. Resultados: Quase a totalidade das cuidadoras era a mãe (98%) que, ao responder ao questionário, referiu incorporar o brincar na rotina doméstica (93%), porém, no vídeo, apenas um terço brincou com a criança (34%). Verificou-se associação positiva entre brincadeiras em momentos da rotina doméstica e domínios do desenvolvimento em crianças com idade igual ou inferior a 18 meses.Conclusões: Constatou-se associação positiva entre a incorporação do brincar na rotina doméstica e o desenvolvimento infantil.Palavras-chave: Desenvolvimento infantil. Cuidado da criança. Jogos e brinquedos. Promoção da saúde. Relações mãe-filho. Enfermagem em saúde pública

Préserver les espaces agricoles périurbains face à l’étalement urbain. Une problématique locale ?

Le devenir des espaces agricoles face à l’étalement urbain est étudié en croisant trois points de vue. Premièrement, nous caractérisons l’étalement urbain consommateur d’espaces agricoles dans deux régions sud européennes : le Languedoc-Roussillon en France et le Nord-Ouest du Portugal. Deuxièmement, nous recensons les documents, règlements et outils de politiques publiques mis à la disposition des acteurs des deux régions d’étude pour réagir à cet étalement urbain en œuvrant pour le développement durable. Troisièmement, nous faisons un zoom sur la mise en œuvre de deux projets locaux contrastés, l’un règlementaire, un Schéma de Cohérence Territoriale (SCoT), en France, et l’autre d’orientation, un Agenda 21 local, au Portugal. Nos résultats montrent que l’étalement urbain se poursuit même s’il ralentit selon les derniers chiffres. Et les nouveaux outils et documents générés par les politiques publiques pour l’endiguer et pour protéger les espaces agricoles, restent peu mobilisés localement. Nous en concluons que la gestion de l’étalement urbain se joue dans les multiples articulations entre le local et les processus englobants.The future of agricultural areas in regards to urban sprawl is studied in three steps. Firstly, we analyse the encroachment of urban sprawl onto agricultural land in two regions of Southern Europe through GIS tools : Languedoc-Roussillon in France and the North-West of Portugal. Secondly, we survey documents, laws and tools of public policy available to local planning actors to react to urban sprawl and/or maintain peri-urban agricultural land, thus contributing to sustainable development. Finally, we focus on two different local projects, one normative, a Territorial Coherence Plan (SCoT) (in France) and the other non-normative, Local Agenda 21 (in Portugal). As a result, we show that urban sprawl continues even if recent data reports a decrease. The new tools and documents generated by public policy to confine urban sprawl and protect agricultural land continue to be rarely used locally. We conclude that urban sprawl can be managed in multiple articulations between the local and global scales

ÉTALEMENT URBAIN, DYNAMIQUES AGRICOLES ET POLITIQUES PERIURBAINES UNE ANALYSE SPATIALE DU LANGUEDOC-ROUSSILLON ET DU PORTUGAL

N° ISBN - 978-2-7380-1284-5International audienceFor almost 40 years cities' peripheries and the coastal areas of Languedoc-Roussillon in France and of Portugal have been known important urban dynamics that affect natural spaces, and most particularly the agricultural areas. These dynamics are due to periurbanization, i.e. the increase of urban sprawl and of spatial fragmentation, thus contributing to important decline of the agriculture land. These dynamics are nowadays considered in spatial policies and planning at different scales by developing, among others, the role of agriculture as a way to deal with urban sprawl. This paper is developed in three steps: a) the spatial analysis of the urban dynamics, specially the mutations of the agriculture lands of Languedoc-Roussillon and of Portugal; b) the analysis of spatial policies and planning at different scales, and of how they are dealing with urban dynamics; c) the analysis of two different local projects – one in Languedoc-Roussillon (Lunel) and the other one in Portugal (Guimarães) – that are trying to enhance the periurban agriculture as a way to combat urban sprawl, thus promoting a more urban and periurban sustainable development

Ultrasensitive dopamine detection with graphene aptasensor multitransistor arrays

Detecting physiological levels of neurotransmitters in biological samples can advance our understanding of brain disorders and lead to improved diagnostics and therapeutics. However, neurotransmitter sensors for real-world applications must reliably detect low concentrations of target analytes from small volume working samples. Herein, a platform for robust and ultrasensitive detection of dopamine, an essential neurotransmitter that underlies several brain disorders, based on graphene multitransistor arrays (gMTAs) functionalized with a selective DNA aptamer is presented. High-yield scalable methodologies optimized at the wafer level were employed to integrate multiple graphene transistors on small-size chips (4.5 × 4.5 mm). The multiple sensor array configuration permits independent and simultaneous replicate measurements of the same sample that produce robust average data, reducing sources of measurement variability. This procedure allowed sensitive and reproducible dopamine detection in ultra-low concentrations from small volume samples across physiological buffers and high ionic strength complex biological samples. The obtained limit-of-detection was 1 aM (10-18) with dynamic detection ranges spanning 10 orders of magnitude up to 100 µM (10-8), and a 22 mV/decade peak sensitivity in artificial cerebral spinal fluid. Dopamine detection in dopamine-depleted brain homogenates spiked with dopamine was also possible with a LOD of 1 aM, overcoming sensitivity losses typically observed in ion-sensitive sensors in complex biological samples. Furthermore, we show that our gMTAs platform can detect minimal changes in dopamine concentrations in small working volume samples (2 µL) of cerebral spinal fluid samples obtained from a mouse model of Parkinson's Disease. The platform presented in this work can lead the way to graphene-based neurotransmitter sensors suitable for real-world academic and pre-clinical pharmaceutical research as well as clinical diagnosis.This work was funded by: "la Caixa" Banking Foundation under grant agree ment LCF/PR/HR21-00410; national funds, through the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)—projects UIDB/50026/2020, UIDP/50026/2020, and UIDB/04650/2020; by FCT project PTDC/MED-NEU/28073/2017 (POCI-01-307 0145-FEDER-028073); by The Branco Weiss fellowship—Society in Science (ETH Zurich); and by FCT Ph.D. fellowships SFRH/BD/14536/2022 (M.A.), SFRH/BD/08181/2020 (T.D.), and PD/BD/127823/2016 (D.R.)

Budgetary constraints : challenges to unb's student assistance in pandemic times

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar os retrocessos na implementação de programas da Assistência Estudantil na Universidade de Brasília (UnB), considerando especificamente as limitações orçamentárias impostas à Educação por meio de medidas governamentais que alteram a Constituição Federal de 1988 e estabelecem um teto de gastos orçamentários com a Emenda Constitucional nº 95. Serão analisados dados referentes aos anos de 2014 a 2019 e considerado o início do ano de 2020, no qual os impactos da pandemia da Covid-19 impuseram à sociedade uma adaptação nos processos de trabalho e estudo, refletidos no planejamento e execução das políticas de permanência na UnB. O estudo caracteriza-se como pesquisa documental, tendo como instrumentais a análise documental e a observação participante. Os resultados apresentados demonstram uma estagnação do investimento nos programas de assistência estudantil, pois os avanços atingidos nos anos anteriores tornam-se demandas reprimidas.The objective of this article is to present the setbacks in the implementation of Student Assistance programs at the University of Brasília (UnB), specifically considering the budget limitations imposed on Education through government measures that alter the Federal Constitution of 1988 and establish a budget spending ceiling with Constitutional Amendment n. 95. Data for the years 2014 to 2019 will be analyzed and the beginning of the year 2020 will be considered, in which the impacts of the pandemic of the Covid-19 virus imposed on society an adaptation in the work and study processes, reflected in the planning and execution of health policies stay at UnB. The study is characterized as documentary research, with documental analysis and observation as instruments. The results presented show a stagnation of investment in student assistance programs, where the setbacks to the advances achieved in previous years are noticeable when there is an increase in pent-up demand

Filosofía, darwinismo y evolución

Los ensayos recogidos en este texto son una muestra del aporte de investigadores de tres países latinoamericanos a la reflexión teórica y filosófica sobre la naturaleza y los alcances de la selección natural. / Contenido. Preliminares; Capítulo 1 - Selección natural; Capítulo 2 - Cognición y evolución; Capítulo 3 - El Origen del hombre; Anexo 01 - índice de autores; Anexo 02 - índice de conceptos

Identification of a new European rabbit IgA with a serine-rich hinge region

<div><p>In mammals, the most striking IgA system belongs to Lagomorpha. Indeed, 14 IgA subclasses have been identified in European rabbits, 11 of which are expressed. In contrast, most other mammals have only one IgA, or in the case of hominoids, two IgA subclasses. Characteristic features of the mammalian IgA subclasses are the length and amino acid sequence of their hinge regions, which are often rich in Pro, Ser and Thr residues and may also carry Cys residues. Here, we describe a new IgA that was expressed in New Zealand White domestic rabbits of <i>IGHV</i>a1 allotype. This IgA has an extended hinge region containing an intriguing stretch of nine consecutive Ser residues and no Pro or Thr residues, a motif exclusive to this new rabbit IgA. Considering the amino acid properties, this hinge motif may present some advantage over the common IgA hinge by affording novel functional capabilities. We also sequenced for the first time the IgA14 CH2 and CH3 domains and showed that IgA14 and IgA3 are expressed.</p></div