Steel and city. Metal construction in Rome in the 20th century

Ponència presentada a la sessió 9The PhD research proposes a reflection about the relationship between the steel construction and the city of twentieth century in Italy and it examines, as an exemplary case, the urban context of Rome. The investigation analyses not only the design of steel buildings and infrastructures realised in a complex urban environment that is rich of historical signs, but it intends to demonstrate the existence of a significant architectural heritage, related to modern technologies that are radically different from the local building tradition. The couple of terms “steel and city” doesn’t mean a common connection between contents and container, but it is considered as a symbiotic relationship between categories that are apparently separated, indeed metal construction has played an important role for the modernization of cities in the twentieth century and this condition is deeply realised in Rome, where new offices, commercial buildings, and infrastructures, request steel for many reasons that are not only functional. One hundred architectural works with steel structure, realised in Rome in the twentieth century, have been selected for the research and they have been listed in a catalogue, that is ordered not only chronologically, but also according to the different categories of urban morphology and perception. Most of selected works show the influence of international architecture and modern language due to the fact that Rome tries with many difficulties to acquire an imported linguistic code, but it is also evident the effort of architects and engineers to balance the modern language with the historical signs that have been settled over the centuries. In the “Eternal City”, composed of brick and stone architecture according to popular imagination, the steel construction seems to mark a deep discontinuity compared with the urban context and the research focuses on the results of this dialogue: to understand how steel construction has assumed distinctive features of the city where it is located and which effects have been produced in the urban context following a new figurative lexicon due to the steel technology. Christian Norberg-Schulz chose Rome as one of the best examples to argue the correspondence between location, settlement and architectural detail in his famous book “Genius Loci”1, so Rome seems to be the ideal city to analyse how steel technology is able to match the urban context, always suspended between modernity and tradition

Steel and city. Metallic construction in Rome in the twentieth century

Ponència presentada a: Session 9: Diseño e Historia (modernidad y tradición) / Design and History (modernity and tradition

NICU Infants & SNHL: Experience of a western Sicily tertiary care centre

Introduction: The variability of symptoms and signs caused by central nervous system (CNS) lesions make multiple sclerosis difficult to recognize,Introduction: This study adds the evaluation of the independent etiologic factors that may play a role in the development of SNHL in a NICU population. We compared neonatal intensive care unit NICU infants with sensorineural hearing loss SNHL to age and gender matched normal hearing NICU controls. Materials and methods: 284 consecutive NICU infants positive to the presence of risk indicators associated with permanent congenital, delayed-onset, or progressive hearing loss underwent to global audiological assessment. The following risk factors were researched, making a distinction between prenatal and perinatal risk factors: in the first group, family history of permanent childhood hearing impairment, consanguinity, pregnant maternal infection and drugs exposition during pregnancy; in the second group, premature birth, respiratory distress, hyperbilirubinemia requiring exchange tranfusion, very low birth weight, cranio-facial abnormality, perinatal infections, ototoxic drugs administration, acidosis, hyponatremia, head trauma. Results: The analysis of the auditory deficit for infants according to numbers of risk factors showed mean values of: 78 + 28.08 dB nHL for infants positive to two risk factors; 75.71 + 30.30 dB nHL in cases positive to three risk factors; 96.66 + 34.46 dB nHL for four risk factors and 85 + 35 dB nHL in case of >5 risk factors. Conclusion: NICU infants have greater chances of developing SNHL, because of the presence of multiple risk factors; in fact, as the number of coexisting risk factors increases, the prevalence rate of SNHL also increases (r=0.81)

Multidisciplinary approach in the removal of post-trauma foreign bodies in the head and neck district: Cases report and review of literature

Introduction: The management of foreign bodies (FBs) penetrating the head and neck district is a condition rare but at risk for the patient’s life because this district is particularly rich in vital structures. Therefore, their management requires a multidisciplinary approach. Materials and methods: In this study we retrospectively examine two emblematic cases among 183 that occurred in our hospital from January 2008 to December 2017. Results: There were 183 cases of FBs of the head and neck district submitted to extraction with a range of age of between 18 months old and 79 years old. Of 183 patients, 112 were children, 60 were adults. The incidence was prevalent among children, with 112 cases against 60 cases in adults (including 11 post-dental care cases). Only 2 remaining cases described are characterized by the involvement of several districts Conclusion: Both cases evidenced like as a multidisciplinary approach is important to minimize potential complications and sequelae

Environmental exposures and cardiovascular morbidity in Scotland: a study of the effects of air pollution on health

Air pollution has been an ongoing problem around the world for centuries. It was brought to the public's attention in the mid 1900s with the London Smog which resulted in approximately 3000 excess deaths. Since then, there have been numerous studies carried out to determine the extent to which air pollution is related to human health. There are two main aims to this thesis, the first of which is to investigate the effects of PM10 exposure on cardiovascular illness in Scotland, focusing on the three largest cities, Glasgow, Edinburgh and Aberdeen. As this study makes use of readily available data, the second aim is to determine whether or not such data can be used to accurately estimate the effects of air pollution. Chapter 1 provides a detailed discussion of air pollution, focussing on the history of air pollution and the change in pollutants over time, and cardiovascular illnesses, giving a definition of cardiovascular disease, details of how they occur and giving incidence rates in Scotland. This chapter also gives an overview of the Information Services Division of the NHS (ISD), the Scottish Air Quality Website and the British Atmospheric Data Centre (BADC). Chapter 2 is a review of the relevant literature covering the standard modelling approach used in air pollution and health studies and will also outline the data used in these studies and the covariates involved. This chapter focuses exclusively on the short-term effects of air pollution as this is the focus of this thesis. Chapter 3 uses Poisson generalised linear models to explore the relationship between exposure to air pollution and cardiovascular admissions to hospital in Scotland, focusing specifically on Glasgow, Edinburgh and Aberdeen. Chapter 4 comprises a set of subanalyses of these data focusing on the effects of air pollution on various subclasses of cardiovascular morbidity in Glasgow. All analyses will be implemented using a generalised linear model, within the statistical programming language R (R 2.2.0 - A Language and Environment (2005)). Chapter 5 provides a summary of the results from the analyses. It also discusses the limitations associated with the use of routinely collected data and describes some of the dilemmas faced by researchers in this field

Oral Health in HIV Patients

Introduction: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic has shown great impact on the individuals exhibiting the disease with systemic and oral health implications. At present, approximately one-third of the 38 million individuals living with HIV are affected by oral diseases and lesions. Objectives: The research paper focuses on the influence of HIV on oral health conditions, the impact of antiretroviral therapy (ART), and the socioeconomic impact of oral health conditions and oral health behaviour among HIV-seropositive patients within the dental community. Methodology: Through meticulous search, several credible databases identified 78 articles which look at oral health in relation to HIV patients. The exclusion criterion was then set, narrowing it to 54 unique sources directly used to produce this paper. Discussion: The introduction of HIV on the body triggers a cascade of systemic and oral complications. The HIV viral load and oral diseases are directly proportional to each other. Fungal, viral and bacterial infections are commonly found in the oral cavity at different stages of the disease. In the era of ART, oral manifestations are changing and continuing to evolve. HIV is still a major public health issue at a global level, and with the COVID-19 pandemic, a worsening of control on the HIV epidemic is noticeable. Conclusion: The oral health condition of HIV patients can aid in the diagnosis and prognosis of the disease due to the presentation of certain oral manifestations that are strongly associated with HIV. ART has decreased global mortality, but due to socioeconomic restraints, ART is still not universally available to all patients. The dental community plays a vital role in decreasing the stigma of treating HIV patients and increasing the quality of life.Introducción: la epidemia del virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) ha mostrado tener un gran impacto en individuos que presentan tener la enfermedad con implicaciones sistémicas de salud bucal. Hoy en día, aproximadamente un tercio de los 38 millones de personas que viven con el VIH está afectado por enfermedades y lesiones bucales. Objetivos: el trabajo se enfoca sobre la influencia del VIH en las condiciones de salud bucal, el impacto de la terapia antirretroviral (TAR), el impacto socioeconómico de las condiciones de salud bucal y el comportamiento de salud bucal en los pacientes seropositivos al VIH dentro de la comunidad dental. Metodología: mediante una búsqueda meticulosa, varias bases de datos confiables se han identificado: entre estos, 78 artículos analizan la salud bucal en relación con pacientes con VIH. Luego se establecieron los criterios de exclusión, reduciéndolos a 54 fuentes que se utilizaron directamente para producir este documento. Discusión: la introducción del VIH en el cuerpo desencadena una cascada de complicaciones sistémicas y orales. La carga viral del VIH y las enfermedades bucales son directamente proporcionales entre sí. Las infecciones fúngicas, virales y bacterianas se encuentran comúnmente en la cavidad oral en las diferentes etapas de la enfermedad. En la era del TAR, las manifestaciones orales están cambiando y siguen evolucionando. A nivel mundial, el VIH sigue siendo un problema importante de salud pública; con la pandemia de COVID-19, se nota un empeoramiento del control de la epidemia del VIH. Conclusión: el estado de salud bucal de los pacientes con VIH puede ayudar en el diagnóstico y pronóstico de la enfermedad debido a la presentación de ciertas manifestaciones bucales fuertemente asociadas al VIH. El TAR ha disminuido la mortalidad global, pero a causa de restricciones socioeconómicas, el TAR todavía no está disponible universalmente para todos los pacientes. La comunidad dental juega un papel importante en la disminución del estigma de tratar a los pacientes con VIH y en el aumento de la calidad de vida.Universidad Europea de MadridGrado en OdontologíaPresencia

Quasilinear parabolic equations with p(x)-Laplacian diffusion terms and nonlocal boundary conditions

In this study, we prove the existence of local solution for a quasi linear generalized parabolic equation with nonlocal boundary conditions for an elliptic operator involving the variable-exponent nonlinearities, using Faedo-Galerkin arguments and compactness method. Mathematics Subject Classification (2010): 35K20, 35K59, 35B45, 35D30

Bounds for blow-up time in a semilinear parabolic problem with variable exponents

This report deals with a blow-up of the solutions to a class of semilinear parabolic equations with variable exponents nonlinearities. Under some appropriate assumptions on the given data, a more general lower bound for a blow-up time is obtained if the solutions blow up. This result extends the recent results given by Baghaei Khadijeh et al. [8], which ensures the lower bounds for the blow-up time of solutions with initial data \u27 (0) = R  u0 kdx, k = constant. Mathematics Subject Classification (2010): 35K55, 35K60, 35B44, 74G45. Received 28 August 2019; Accepted 21 April 2020.

Threshold results of blow-up solutions to Kirchhoff equations with variable sources

This paper analyzes an initial boundary value problem for variable source Kirchhoff-type parabolic equations. We aim to derive a new sub-critical energy threshold for finite-time blow-up, a new blow-up condition, and estimates for lifespan and upper bounds for blow-up time across various initial energy cases. Mathematics Subject Classification (2010): 35B40, 35B44, 35K55 Received 17 February 2025; Accepted 01 June 2025