Обгрунтування мікросервісного підходу до веб-розробки

 The article substantiates the microservice approach to web development. It is emphasized that the main principle of microservice architecture is to create a program by dividing the components of business logic into small services that can be deployed and operated independently, tasks are distributed between services, which are separated by so-called service boundaries. It is substantiated that the boundaries of services are closely related to business requirements and the boundaries of the organizational structure. Individual services can be linked to individual teams, budgets and action plans.У статті обґрунтовано мікросервісний підхід до веб-розробки. Підкреслено, що основним принципом мікросервісної архітектури є створення програми шляхом поділу компонентів бізнес-логіки на невеликі сервіси, які можуть розгортатися та експлуатуватися незалежно один від одного, завдання розподіляються між сервісами, які розділені між собою так званими межами сервісів. Обґрунтовано, що кордони сервісів тісно пов'язані з бізнес-вимогами та межами організаційної структури. Індивідуальні послуги можуть бути пов'язані з окремими командами, бюджетами та планами дій. У якості прикладів меж сервісів зазначено, що можна навести послуги обробки платежів та аутентифікації користувачів. Ключові слова: веб-сайт, сервер, клієнт, мікросервіс, інтерфейс, Microfrontend, архітектура.

Risky decision-making and the intensity of opioid drug dependency in early phase of methadone maintenance protocol

Several studies show positive effect of MMT on decision-making in substance dependents, but severity of the disorder has been ignored by most of them. This study used Iowa Gambling Task(IGT) to find correlation between severity of the disorders in early phase of MMT and risky decision-making in three groups of subjects (mild, sever, control). The study shows no significant difference among groups in risky decision-making, which might be related to the effect of opioid on cognitive functions independent of the severity of the disorder, and stabilization in MMT can repair deficit in decision making shortly during the early phase

Buprenorphine added on brief cognitive behavioral therapy for treatment of methamphetamine use disorder

Background: Methamphetamine (MA) use remains a major public health concern around the world. Recent findings suggest that buprenorphine may be helpful for cocaine use reduction. Moreover, animal studies described reduced dopamine peak effect following MA use, due to the administration of low dose buprenorphine. Objectives: This study examined the effectiveness of buprenorphine with brief cognitive behavioral therapy on MA use disorder. Methods: The study was conducted in an outpatient substance abuse treatment center in Qazvin, Iran. Nineteen MA users received buprenorphine for 24 weeks combined with brief cognitive behavioral therapy in an outpatient substance abuse treatment program, three times per week, as a before and after non - randomization study. Clinical outcomes included treatment retention, MA use, degree of MA dependency and craving, quality of life, cognitive abilities questionnaire, addiction severity and also adverse events. Data was analyzed by performing repeated measures analysis and the Friedman test for nonparametric variables. Results: Fifteen participants completed the study during six months and frequency of MA use was significantly decreased at 24 weeks (P < 0.001). There were also significant reductions in craving (P < 0.001), degree of MA dependence (P < 0.001), and improvements in quality of life, cognitive ability, and some subscales of addiction severity. Conclusions: The results of this preliminary clinical study demonstrated that buprenorphine could potentially attenuate MA craving and alternate rewarding effects of MA and had promising effects on cognitive impairment. Furthermore, buprenorphine can be considered as a harm reduction intervention in some communities, in which the people, as a result of cultural beliefs, do not accept a therapy, which only consists of counseling and no medications

The effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on quality of life of women with chronic low back pain

Introduction: Acceptance and commitment therapy [ACT] can enhance psychological flexibility andsubsequently improve mental health and quality of life of individuals. Also, recovery of patients withchronic low back pain (LBP) depends on several physical and psychological factors. Therefore, theauthors aimed to examine the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on qualityof life of women with chronic low back pain.Materials and Methods: It was a semi-experimental research in pre-test and post-test design togetherwith control group. Participants were 14 women with chronic low back pain attending clinical centersand hospitals of Rasht who were selected by convenience sampling. Next, they were randomlyassigned to experimental (ACT+ usual medical care) and the control group (usual medical care only).Then, experimental group received ACT for 8 one-hour sessions. To analyze the data, covarianceanalysis was used. The instrument was self-reported by the World Health Organization's quality oflife. Data analysis was performed using analysis of independent t-test.Results: Results indicated reduction effect in pain severity in the patients who practiced 8 sessionsACT reported significantly lower pain than patients who only received usual medical care. Also, theresults shows that except of subscale of physical health (p < 0.38) there was significant increase in allother subscales of quality of life in experimental group (p < 0.001).Conclusion: The results show that acceptance and commitment therapy reduces pain severity andimproves the quality of life and recommends use of coping strategic with pain in patients with chroniclow back pain (CLBP). Counselling of treatment counsellors and family therapists recommended acounselling centers and family education classes in order to improve quality of life of female patientswith CLBP

Effectiveness of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on Methamphetamine Craving

Introduction: Transcranial Direct-Current Stimulation is one of the most challenging version of non-invasive brain stimulation. Although it has promised effects on drug-cravings, it has not been approved by FDA as an intervention.The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of tDCS on reducingmethamphetamine craving.Method: This study was a quasi-experimental design with the pre-test, post-test and control group. The statistical population included all the methamphetamine users who were referred to the HematPayrovan Institute for treatment in 2019. The sample population were 60 males assigned randomly into two groups of experimental and control group. We applied 20 minutestDCS (2 Ma, Anode F4/Cathode FP1) for experimental group. Data were collected using the Individual Student Assessment Plan (ISAP), The Leeds Dependence Questionnaire (LDQ), and Desires for drug questionnaire (DDQ). The data were analyzed through multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA).Results: The result showed that t DCS significantly decreases methamphetamine craving in the experimental group (P<0.03).Discussion: This finding has important implications pertaining the education and mental health of methamphetamine users. Based on the results, repeated DLPFC stimulation could be a promising approach for therapeutic intervention in decreasing methamphetamine craving

The Psychometric Properties of the Obsessive Compulsive Drug Use Scale (OCDUS) Among Iranian Methamphetamine Abusers

Background and Aim:Drug craving as a multidimensional subjective experience recently is accepted as a hallmark for addiction. The Obsessive Compulsive Drug Use Scale (OCDUS), measures the overall craving level within a period from a multidimensional perspective. This study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the OCDUSamong Iranian methamphetamine abusers. Materials and Methods:OCDUS was translated from English into Farsi by language experts. The questionnaire was then used for evaluation of craving among 50 male methamphetamine abusers. Then, OCDUS questionnaire' scores was subjected to exploratory principal components factor analysis. To assess construct validity of OCDUS, the model was evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis. Internal consistency was examined by calculating Cronbach’s alpha. Results:Exploratory factor analysis identified 2-dimensional components that included, "Desire consumption and mental employment with materials", "The Impact of drug desire and Thoughts on Consumer Work and Life". Finally, the Persian version of OCDUS was verified with 10 items and two factors with high eigenvalues 76.5% of the total variance. Given the relative fit of the confirmatory factor model, the construct validity of the OCDUS was verified. Conclusion:The Farsi-translated version of OCDUS questionnaires had good psychometric properties. The questionnaire could be considered as a valid and reliable instrument for the assessment of drug craving level in Iranian methamphetamine abusers

Effects of Atomoxetine for Cognitive Function in Methamphetamine-dependent Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Background: A substantial body of evidence indicates that methamphetamine abuse can lead to persistent and severe cognitive dysfunction. Preclinical studies and early pilot clinical investigations suggested that atomoxetine, a cognitive enhancer, may improve cognitive dysfunction. The present study evaluated whether atomoxetine would affect cognitive dysfunction in methamphetamine-dependent patients.Methods: Participants with methamphetamine dependence (N=86) under Methadone Maintenance Therapy (MMT) were enrolled in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial. This investigation was performed on 86 subjects to consume either 40 mg/day atomoxetine (n=45) or placebo (n=41) for 8 weeks. Between January 2016 and June 2017, volunteers were selected from methamphetamine abusers in MMT centers in Kashan City, Iran. They completed the Cognitive Abilities Questionnaire at the first and each monthly visit to assess the cognitive functions. The collected data were analyzed using the Independent Samples t-test, Mann Whitney U test, and Chi-square in SPSS software.Results: This study revealed that atomoxetine treatment improved some cognitive dysfunctions in methamphetamine users, including memory, inhibitory control, selective attention, decision-making, planning, sustained attention, and cognitive flexibility in methamphetamine users (P<0.05); however, social cognition improvement was less than others (P=0.107). There were only mild adverse effects in the placebo and atomoxetine groups.Conclusion: The obtained findings indicated the efficacy of atomoxetine for improving cognitive dysfunction in methamphetamine users and suggest the potential effectiveness of atomoxetine for treating them