80 research outputs found
Overcurrent relays coordination optimisation methods in distribution systems for microgrids: a review
Electric power networks connected with multiple distributed generations (microgrids) require adequate protection coordination. In this paper, the overcurrent relay coordination concept in distribution system has been presented with details. In this available literature, the previous works on optimisation methods utilised for the coordination of over current relays; classification has been made based on the optimisation techniques, non-standard characteristics, new constraints that have been proposed for optimal coordination and dual setting protection schemes. Then a comprehensive review has been done on optimisation techniques including the conventional methods, heuristic and hybrid methods and the relevant issues have been addressed
Prevalence, species differentiation, haemolytic activity, and antibiotic susceptibility of aeromonads in untreated well water
The use of untreated water for drinking and other activities have been associated with intestinal and extraintestinal infections in humans due to Aeromonas species. In the present study aeromonads were isolated from 48.7% of 1,000 water samples obtained from wells and other miscellaneous sources. Aeromonas species were detected in 45% of samples tested in spring, 34.5% in summer, 48% in autumn and 60% of samples tested in winter. Speciation of 382 strains resulted in 225 (59%) being A. hydrophila, 103 (27%) A. caviae, 42 (11%) A. sobria and 11 (3%) atypical aeromonads. Of 171 Aeromonas strains tested for their haemolytic activity, 53%, 49%, 40% and 37% were positive in this assay using human, horse, sheep and camel erythrocytes respectively. The results obtained indicate that potentially enteropathogenic Aeromonas species are commonly present in untreated drinking water obtained from wells in Libya (this may also apply to other neighbouring countries) which may pose a health problem to users of such water supplies. In addition, ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin are suitable drugs that can be used in the treatment of Aeromonas-associated infections, particularly, in the immunocompromised, resulting from contact with untreated sources of water
The association of BMI and knee pain among persons with radiographic knee osteoarthritis: A cross-sectional study
A new approach to assessing the health benefit from obesity interventions in children and adolescents: the assessing cost-effectiveness in obesity project
OBJECTIVE: To report on a new modelling approach developed for the assessing cost-effectiveness in obesity (ACE-Obesity) project and the likely population health benefit and strength of evidence for 13 potential obesity prevention interventions in children and adolescents in Australia. METHODS: We used the best available evidence, including evidence from non-traditional epidemiological study designs, to determine the health benefits as body mass index (BMI) units saved and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) saved. We developed new methods to model the impact of behaviours on BMI post-intervention where this was not measured and the impacts on DALYs over the child\u27s lifetime (on the assumption that changes in BMI were maintained into adulthood). A working group of stakeholders provided input into decisions on the selection of interventions, the assumptions for modelling and the strength of the evidence. RESULTS: The likely health benefit varied considerably, as did the strength of the evidence from which that health benefit was calculated. The greatest health benefit is likely to be achieved by the \u27Reduction of TV advertising of high fat and/or high sugar foods and drinks to children\u27, \u27Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding\u27 and the \u27multi-faceted school-based programme with an active physical education component\u27 interventions. CONCLUSIONS: The use of consistent methods and common health outcome measures enables valid comparison of the potential impact of interventions, but comparisons must take into account the strength of the evidence used. Other considerations, including cost-effectiveness and acceptability to stakeholders, will be presented in future ACE-Obesity papers. Information gaps identified include the need for new and more effective initiatives for the prevention of overweight and obesity and for better evaluations of public health interventions
Identification of uncommon oral yeasts from cancer patients by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry
Regional and experiential differences in surgeon preference for the treatment of cervical facet injuries: a case study survey with the AO Spine Cervical Classification Validation Group
Purpose: The management of cervical facet dislocation injuries remains controversial. The main purpose of this investigation was to identify whether a surgeon’s geographic location or years in practice influences their preferred management of traumatic cervical facet dislocation injuries. Methods: A survey was sent to 272 AO Spine members across all geographic regions and with a variety of practice experience. The survey included clinical case scenarios of cervical facet dislocation injuries and asked responders to select preferences among various diagnostic and management options. Results: A total of 189 complete responses were received. Over 50% of responding surgeons in each region elected to initiate management of cervical facet dislocation injuries with an MRI, with 6 case exceptions. Overall, there was considerable agreement between American and European responders regarding management of these injuries, with only 3 cases exhibiting a significant difference. Additionally, results also exhibited considerable management agreement between those with ≤ 10 and > 10 years of practice experience, with only 2 case exceptions noted. Conclusion: More than half of responders, regardless of geographical location or practice experience, identified MRI as a screening imaging modality when managing cervical facet dislocation injuries, regardless of the status of the spinal cord and prior to any additional intervention. Additionally, a majority of surgeons would elect an anterior approach for the surgical management of these injuries. The study found overall agreement in management preferences of cervical facet dislocation injuries around the globe
O papel da informação como medida preventiva ao uso de drogas entre jovens em situação de risco
Knowledge and attitude towards rape and child sexual abuse – a community-based cross-sectional study in Rural Tanzania
Serotypes, virulence factors, antibiotic sensitivity, beta-lactamase activity and plasmid analysis of Salmonella from children with diarrhea in Tripoli (Libya)
A total of 21
Salmonella
strains isolated
in Libya (16 from children with
diarrhea
and 5 from healthy
controls) were serotyped and studied
for their cell invasive
ability,
production
of cytotoxin,
antibiotic
susceptibility,
β-lactamase activity and plasmid profiles.
Eight different serotypes of
Salmonella
were identified:
6
S. saintpaul
,
4
S. wien
(1 from
control), 2
S. newport
, 2
S. muenchen
(1 from contr
ol), 2
S. typhimurium
(1 from control)
, 2
S. hadar
(1 from control), 2
S. reading
(1 from control), 1
S. kottbus
. Twenty (95%) were
positive
in the invasiveness
assay using
HeLa cells,
and all (100%) were negative
for
cytotoxin
production
in HT29 cells. More than 40%
were resistant to ampicillin, cefalexin,
cefam
andole,
cefoperazone,
chloramphenicol,
gentamicin, mezlocillin and trimethoprim-
sulphamethoxazole and 100%
were susceptible
to the new quinolones. Most (67%)
of the
strains harbored plasmids and 43%
produced
β-lactamase. A strong association was
observed between
the presence
of more than one plasmid,
β-lactamase activity, and
multiple-resistance to antimicrobial agents
and serotypes
S. saintpa
ul
and
S. wien
. Curing
experiments with acridine
orange
showed
that 2 plasmids (33 and 1.4 megadaltons
) might
be responsible
for the resistance to chloramphenicol
and gentamicin. The present study
demonstrated that multiple-resistant salmonellae are widesp
read in Libya and the resistance
is mainly
plasmid mediated
- …