Virtual Black Holes from Generalized Uncertainty Principle and Proton Decay

We investigate the formation of virtual black holes in the context of generalized uncertainty principle (GUP), as a mediator for a proton decay process which is forbidden by the standard model. Then, we calculate the lower bounds of the GUP deformation parameter by the experimental bound on the half life of the proton.Comment: 13 pages, 1 figure. Minor typos corrected. Published in EP

Assessment of The Diagnostic Value of TOX Versus CD3 Immunohistochemical Markers in Detection of Early Mycosis Fungoides Cases

Background: Primary cutaneous lymphoma (PCL) with clonal proliferation of atypical CD4+ skin-homing T lymphocyte cells is called Mycosis Fungoides (MF). TOX staining is observed in subtypes of PCL, as MF & Sézary Syndrome (SS) in comparison to controls. Early MF is difficult to diagnose, & its distinction from inflammatory diseases may be impossible.Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the expression of the TOX versus CD3 as a diagnostic marker for early MF.Patients and methods: retrospective-cross sectional study includes 30 MF and 30 benign cutaneous inflammatory diseases (BCID) cases. All were evaluated using H & E and immunohistochemical staining for TOX & CD3. Results: There was statistically significant increase of TOX & CD3 expression in MF than BCID & ability of TOX to detect all true positive cases (100.0%) compared to (76.7%) for CD3, (P < 0.001).Conclusion: TOX had the highest sensitivity (100.0%) & accuracy (88.3%). TOX is useful marker in the diagnosis of early MF & differentiating it from BCID

Types and Tools of Land Use Zoning Towards Dealing with Private Properties in Re-planning Inner Informal Areas (Case Study: Maspero Triangle – Cairo Governorate)

Land use zoning policy has been applied in many countries such as the United States, England and Germany, since the second half of the nineteenth century, as one of legal systems for managing and regulating land uses in cities through many types and tools that are developed over the time. The primary type focused on identifying specific kind of land use in each area, without any mixing to improve the environmental conditions. Then, the following types used the population density index to reduce congestion in large cities,  in addition to some physical and urban characteristics such as building heights, building size, floor area ratio, the percentage of roads, services and open spaces to cover environment, social, economic and urban dimensions and measure the degree of achievement the development goals for creating livable communities. Although these types are diverse, there are a number of challenges in implementation them such as the refusal of some owners towards applying planning recommendations on their private properties. In addition to the lack of justice and freedom among some owners in choosing appropriate land use for their own revenues. For these reasons, there is emergence of new types called land use plot, spot and rezoning policy, which deal with each land plot in a more flexible way to achieve a balance between the public interest and private benefits. At the local level, it is clear that zoning policy has appeared in Egypt since 1905 for planning the new residential suburban areas by using specific building requirements for each area to create compatible urban environments and a distinct urban personality. Then it was used in re-planning process for existing areas and informal communities through various planning and building laws, which need to be developed for dealing with the private properties without any dispute between the stakeholders and without government spending towards the compensation values. Therefore, this paper is important in determining the suitable types and tools of zoning policy for re-planning informal areas with private properties, by reviewing the results of some studies and international experiences in this field. As well as evaluating the current applied types of land use zoning policy in developing Egyptian informal areas through selecting one case study (Maspero triangle area), to benefit from the results of theoretical and practical framework in implementation the future projects with the acceptance of all parties and owners

[TEACHING VOCAL SKILLS TO NON-ARABIC SPEAKING PRESCHOOL CHILDREN AND PRINCIPLES OF DEVELOPING APPROPRIATE LANGUAGE EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS FOR THEM] تعليم المهارات الصوتية لأطفال ما قبل المدرسة الناطقين بغير العربية وأسس بناء البرامج التعليمية اللغوية المعدة

The field of teaching Arabic to speakers of other languages suffers from insufficient educational curricula and research that address the problems and difficulties facing those learners. Therefore, the study aimed to identify the characteristics and problems of the pre-school stage in teaching Arabic as a foreign language, as well as the most important vocal skills and the principles of developing language educational programs for preschool learners. The study used the descriptive analytical approach in the collection and discussion of data, through reviewing some previous studies. Some of the findings the study reached, included: The pre-school stage is one of the most essential stages in acquiring a foreign language, therefore, teaching vocal skills to children at this stage is a vital step due to the distinctive characteristics such learners possess. The study provided a list of vocal skills appropriate for children at this stage, and a set of principles and criteria that have to be met to ensure the success of the language educational programs developed. The study recommended the development of programs and textbooks for teaching Arabic to non-Arabic speaking children based on their needs and in light of international standards. يعاني مجال تعليم اللغة العربية للأطفال الناطقين بغيرها من قلة المناهج التعليمية، وقلة البحوث التي تتناولالمشكلات والصعوبات التي تواجههم؛ ولذلك هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على خصائص ومشكلات مرحلةما قبل المدرسة في تعليم اللغة العربية لغة أجنبية، وتحديد أهم المهارات الصوتية وأسس بناء البرامج التعليميةاللغوية المناسبة لهم؛ ولتحقيق هذه الأهداف اعتمدت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي في جمع البياناتومناقشتها، من خلال عرض بعض الدراسات السابقة، وتم التوصل إلى بعض النتائج منها: أن مرحلة ما قبلالمدرسة من أهم المراحل في اكتساب اللغة الأجنبية، وتعليم المهارات الصوتية للأطفال في هذه المرحلة خطوةضرورية لما لهم من صفات مميزة، وقدمت الدراسة قائمة بالمهارات الصوتية المناسبة للأطفال في هذه المرحلة،واستنتجت مجموعة من الأسس والمعايير لبناء البرامج التعليمية اللغوية لابد من اتباعها لنجاح البرنامجالتعلمي، وأوصت الدراسة ببناء برامج وكتب تعليم العربية للأطفال الناطقين بغيرها في ضوء احتياجاتهم، وفيضوء المعايير العالمية

4-Oxo-1,4-dihydro­benzo[h][1,3]thia­zeto[3,2-a]quinoline-1,3-dicarb­oxy­lic acid

In the title mol­ecule, C16H9NO5S, there is an intra­molecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bond involving the quinolone carbonyl O atom and a carboxyl OH group. In the crystal, inter­molecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds between the carbonyl group of the quinolone carboxyl group, and a second carboxyl group on the thia­zeto moiety lead to the formation of chains propagating along [201] and perpendicular to the π-stacks of mol­ecules

AlexNet Convolutional Neural Network Architecture with Cosine and Hamming Similarity/Distance Measures for Fingerprint Biometric Matching

يعد التحقق من بصمة الأصبع أحد الطرق الحديثة في مجال أمن المعلومات والذي يهدف إلى إيجاد أنماط مميزة للتعرف على هوية الفرد. يتم ذلك عبر عملية مقارنة بين أزواج من نماذج معدة مسبقا للبصمة وإيجاد نسبة التشابه بينهم. غالبية الدراسات السابقة كانت تعتمد على طريقة تدعى (فازي فالت) بالإضافة إلى طرق فلترة الصور. لكن هذه الطرق لا تزال تعاني من ضعف تمييز النقاط المهمة في البصمات، ظهور التقنيات الحديثة من التعلم العميق مثل الشبكات العصبية اللفائفية قد ساهم بشكل كبير في تحليل الصورة والتعرف على الكيانات داخل الصور وقدأظهرت دقة أعلى من الطرق التقليدية. هذه الدراسة استغلت إحدى هذه الشبكات المدربة مسبقا على صور بصمات وتعرف باسم (اليكس نت) بحيث تم استخراج أهم الخصائص الكامنة بالصور وتم توليد مفتاح خاص بكل صورة ومن ثم تم تخزين كل تلك المعلومات في قاعدة بيانات مرجعية. باستخدام أدوات قياس التشابه مثل جتا الزاوية  وهامنج استطاعت هذه الدراسة من تبيان التشابه خلال مقارنة صور اختبارية بالنسبة لقاعدة البيانات المرجعية. تم استجلاب الصور من قاعدة بيانات عامة وقد أظهرت نتائج دقة القبول دقة الرفض على نسبة 2.09% و 2.81% على التوالي. بمقارنة هذه النتائج مع نتائج الدراسات السابقة خصوصا تلك التي استخدمت أدوات تقليدية مثل (فازي فالت) تفوق الطريقة المطروحة بهذه الدراسة. وبذلك تم استنتاج أهمية استخدام الشبكات العصبية اللفائفية مع أدوات قياس التشابه في التعرف على بصمة اليد.In information security, fingerprint verification is one of the most common recent approaches for verifying human identity through a distinctive pattern. The verification process works by comparing a pair of fingerprint templates and identifying the similarity/matching among them. Several research studies have utilized different techniques for the matching process such as fuzzy vault and image filtering approaches. Yet, these approaches are still suffering from the imprecise articulation of the biometrics’ interesting patterns. The emergence of deep learning architectures such as the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) has been extensively used for image processing and object detection tasks and showed an outstanding performance compared to traditional image filtering techniques. This paper aimed to utilize a specific CNN architecture known as AlexNet for the fingerprint-matching task. Using such an architecture, this study has extracted the significant features of the fingerprint image, generated a key based on such a biometric feature of the image, and stored it in a reference database. Then, using Cosine similarity and Hamming Distance measures, the testing fingerprints have been matched with a reference. Using the FVC2002 database, the proposed method showed a False Acceptance Rate (FAR) of 2.09% and a False Rejection Rate (FRR) of 2.81%. Comparing these results against other studies that utilized traditional approaches such as the Fuzzy Vault has demonstrated the efficacy of CNN in terms of fingerprint matching. It is also emphasizing the usefulness of using Cosine similarity and Hamming Distance in terms of matching