Effects of cinnamon (C. zeylanicum) bark oil against taxanes-induced damages in sperm quality, testicular and epididymal oxidant/antioxidant balance, testicular apoptosis, and sperm DNA integrity

The aim of this study was to investigate whether cinnamon bark oil (CBO) has protective effect on taxanes-induced adverse changes in sperm quality, testicular and epididymal oxidant/antioxidant balance, testicular apoptosis, and sperm DNA integrity. For this purpose, 88 adult male rats were equally divided into 8 groups: control, CBO, docetaxel (DTX), paclitaxel (PTX), DTX+PTX, DTX+CBO, PTX+CBO, and DTX+PTX+CBO. CBO was given by gavage daily for 10 weeks at the dose of 100 mg/kg. DTX and PTX were administered by intraperitoneal injection at the doses of 5 and 4 mg/ kg/week, respectively, for 10 weeks. DTX+PTX and DTX+PTX+CBO groups were treated with DTX during first 5 weeks and PTX during next 5 weeks. DTX, PTX, and their mixed administrations caused significant decreases in absolute and relative weights of all reproductive organs, testosterone level, sperm motility, concentration, glutathione level, and catalase activity in testicular and epididymal tissues. They also significantly increased abnormal sperm rate, testicular and epididymal malondialdehyde level, apoptotic germ cell number, and sperm DNA fragmentation and significantly damaged the histological structure of testes. CBO consumption by DTX-, PTX-, and DTX+PTX-treated rats provided significant ameliorations in decreased relative weights of reproductive organs, decreased testosterone, decreased sperm quality, imbalanced oxidant/ antioxidant system, increased apoptotic germ cell number, rate of sperm with fragmented DNA, and severity of testicular histopathological lesions induced by taxanes. In conclusion, taxanes cause impairments in sperm quality, testicular and epididymal oxidant/antioxidant balance, testicular histopathological structure, and sperm DNA integrity, and long-term CBO consumption protects male reproductive system of rats.Erciyes University—The Scientific Research Projects of Turkey (ERUBAP); Project number: TCD-2013-4247

Ameliorating effect of pomegranate juice consumption on carbon tetrachloride-induced sperm damages, lipid peroxidation, and testicular apoptosis

The aim of this study was to investigate whether pomegranate juice (PJ) consumption has an ameliorating effect on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced sperm damages and testicular apoptosis associated with the oxidative stress in male rats. The study comprised of four groups (groups 1–4). Group 1 received olive oil þ distilled water daily; group 2 was treated with 5 ml/kg PJ þ olive oil daily; group 3 was treated with 0.25 ml/kg CCl4 dissolved in olive oil, weekly þ distilled water daily; and group 4 received weekly CCl4 þ daily PJ. All administrations were performed by gavage and maintained for 10 weeks. CCl4 administration caused significant decreases in body and reproductive organ weights, sperm motility, concentration and testicular catalase activity, significant increases in malondialdehyde (MDA) level, and abnormal sperm rate and apoptotic index along with some histopathological damages when compared with the control group. However, significant ameliorations were observed in absolute weights of testis and epididymis, all sperm quality parameters, MDA level, apoptotic index, and testicular histopathological structure following the administration of CCl4 together with PJ when compared with group given CCl4 only. In conclusion, PJ consumption ameliorates the CCl4-induced damages in male reproductive organs and cells by decreasing the lipid peroxidation

Effect of Boswellia serrata extract on Methotrexate induced testicular damage

This study aimed to determine the effect of Boswellia serrata extract on Methotrexate– induced testicular damage by evaluating antioxidant system, reproductive organ weights, some spermatological parametres and serum Testesterone levels. For this purpose, 40 Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups. 1. Control Group (n=10): No treatment was given for 10 days. 2. B. serrata Group (n=10): B. serrata was given by gavage at a dose of 500 mg·kg-1 for 10 days. 3. Methotrexate Group (n=10): Methotrexate was given intraperitoneally as a single dose of 20 mg·kg-1. 4. Methotrexate + B. serrata Group (n=10): After methotrexate was given intraperitoneally as a single dose of 20 mg·kg-1, 500 mg·kg-1 B. serrata was given by gavage for 10 days. It was determined that B. serrata significantly increased serum Testosterone levels (P0.05) and the increase in GSH–Px enzyme activity of testes (P>0.05) and final body weight (P>0.05) were not significant in Methotrexate + B. serrata group compared to the Methotrexate group. In conclusion, the negative effects of Methotrexate on the male reproductive system can be reduced by administering B. serrata extract

<span style="font-size:15.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size: 16.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Mangal;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;mso-fareast-language:EN-US; mso-bidi-language:HI;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold" lang="EN-GB">Effects of the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">Trigonella foenum-graecum</i> L. seed extract and chromium picolinate supplementation in streptozotocin induced diabetes in rats</span>

447-452<span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family: " times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" roman";mso-bidi-font-family:="" mangal;mso-ansi-language:en-gb;mso-fareast-language:en-us;mso-bidi-language:="" hi"="" lang="EN-GB">Our objective was to determine the effects of the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">Trigonella foenum-graecum seed extract and chromium picolinate in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes in rats. We used 60 female Sprague Dawley rats aged between 2-3 months, who were divided into 6 groups: control (C);vehicle received physiological saline solution intraperitoneally (i.p.) + physiological saline solution orally, diabetescontrol group (DC); 50 mg/kg STZ i.p. + physiological saline solution orally, T. foenum-graecum (TFG); 50 mg/kg STZ i.p + 150 mg/kg TFG seed extract orally, chromium picolinate (Crpic); 50 mg/kg STZ i.p + 30 µg/kg Chromium picolinate orally, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">T. foenum-graecum + chromium picolinate (TFG+Crpic); 50 mg/kg STZ i.p. + received 150 mg/kg TFG + 30 µg/kg Crpic orally, insulin (I); 50 mg/kg STZ i.p. + 1 IU insulin subcutaneously. The treatment lasted for 21 days. On the 14th and 21st days, we found a decrease in theFBG of animals treated with insulin, TFG, TFG + Crpic combined (all p ˂ 0.001), and Crpic (p < 0.01) compared with the diabetes control group. Moreover, there was a significant decrease in the plasma triglyceride and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) levels after a treatment with Crpic, I, TFG, and TFG+Crpic compared with diabetes control group (p < 0.001). Administration of TFG+Crpic caused a significant increase in plasma high density lipoprotein (HDL) levels (p ˂ 0.05) compared with diabetes control group. There was a significant decrease in the plasma tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) level after a treatment with Crpic (p < 0.05). The TFG, TFG and Crpic combined, and insulin treatment significantly increased the insulin-positive β cells compared with diabetes control group (p ˂ 0.001). These results show that the TFG extract may have an insulinotropic effect on the β cells of the islets of Langerhans, or may prevent the damage of the pancreatic β cells. Crpic did not stimulate insulin secretion from the β cells in the Langerhans islets. We concluded that Crpic may exert its antihyperglycemic effects by facilitating the interaction between insulin and its receptor. It is recommended that the TFG seed extract and Crpic supplements may help in alleviating or reducing the hyperglycemia-related chronic complications of diabetes.</span

Effect of etodolac hydrazone, a new compound synthesised from etodolac, on spermatozoon quality, testicular lipid peroxidation, apoptosis and spermatozoon DNA integrity

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of etodolac hydrazone (EH), a new compound synthesised from etodolac, on spermatozoon quality, testicular lipid peroxidation, apoptosis and spermatozoon DNA integrity in rats. Group 1 (n = 8) received 1 ml dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) daily (Control); group 2 (n = 8) was treated with 5 mg kg 1 day 1 EH, dissolved in 1 ml DMSO (EH- 5); and group 3 (n = 8) was treated with 10 mg kg 1 day 1 EH, dissolved in 1 ml DMSO (EH-10). All administrations were performed by gavage and maintained for 8 weeks. Both doses of EH administration caused significant decreases in absolute and relative weights of testis, whole epididymis, right cauda epididymis, and spermatozoon motility, spermatozoon count in comparison with the control group. Only 10 mg kg 1 day 1 EH administration caused significant decreases in absolute and relative weights of seminal vesicles and serum testosterone level, and significant increases in testicular lipid peroxidation level, and numbers of TUNEL+ apoptotic germ cells and spermatozoa with damaged DNA along with some histopathological damages when compared to the control group. However, body and ventral prostate weight, and testicular antioxidant markers (glutathione, glutathione-peroxidase and catalase), were unaffected significantly by both doses of EH administration. In conclusion, two different doses of EH, in particular its high dose, damage to testicular spermatogenic cells and spermatozoon DNA and, it decreases spermatozoon motility, count and testosterone level in healthy rats

Dietary rosemary oil alleviates heat stress-induced structural and functional damage through lipid peroxidation in the testes of growing Japanese quail

Supplementation of natural antioxidants to diets of male poultry has been reported to be effective in reducing or completely eliminating heat stress (HS)-induced reproductive failures. In this study, the aim is to investigate whether rosemary oil (RO) has a protective effect on HS-induced damage in spermatozoa production, testicular histologic structures, apoptosis, and androgenic receptor (AR) through lipid peroxidation mechanisms in growing Japanese quail. Male chicks (n = 90) at 15-days of age were assigned to two groups. The first group (n = 45) was kept in a thermo-neutral (TN) room at 22◦C for 24 h/d. The second group (n = 45) was kept in a room with a greater ambient temperature of 34◦C for 8 h/d (from 9:00 AM to 5:00 PM) and 22◦C for 16 h/d. Animals in each of these two groups were randomly assigned to three subgroups (RO groups: 0, 125, 250 ppm), consisting of 15 chicks (six treatment groups in 2 × 3 factorial design). Each of subgroups was replicated three times with each replicate including five chicks. The HS treatment significantly reduced the testicular spermatogenic cell counts, amount of testicular Bcl-2 (anti-apoptotic marker) and amount of AR. In addition, it significantly increased testicular lipid peroxidation, Bax (apop-totic marker) immunopositive staining, and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in conjunction with some histopathologic damage. Dietary supplementation of RO to diets of quail where the HS treatment was imposed alleviated HS-induced almost all negative changes such as increased testicular lipid peroxidation, decreased numbers of spermatogenic cells, and decreased amounts of Bcl-2 and AR, increased ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 and some testicular histopathologic lesion. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of RO for growing male Japanese quail reared in HS environmental conditions alleviates the HS-induced structural and functional damage by providing a decrease in lipid peroxidation