The Practice of Wearing Hijab among Female Students of Al-Aziziyah Samalanga Islamic Institute, Bireuen: Study of Islamic Law and Legal Politics

This study discusses the practice of wearing hijab among students of the Islamic Institute of Al-Aziziyah Bireuen. This research is an empirical legal study that employs an Islamic legal approach, specifically the maṣlaḥah theory and legal politics. Utilized data collection methods include literature reviews, interviews, and observations. The findings of this study indicate that there are divergent opinions among fiqh scholars concerning the issue of niqāb. Guarantees of protection and comfort in interacting with the general public encourage the use of niqāb. The practice of wearing niqāb by Al-Aziziyah students is carried out on an essential awareness and upholds the values of adherence to the recommendations of Shari'a and regulations set by the educational institution where they study. Al-Aziziyah Islamic institute students use the niqāb, without judging it as a compulsion, let alone rebelling against the requirements for wearing the niqāb. They even feel the benefits of using the niqāb as part of the identity of a Muslim woman. This study also concludes that, from a legal standpoint, the Aceh Qanun regarding Muslim attire and tawṣiyah from the Ulama Consultative Council is a government policy intended to protect and advance the community. It is especially to be better and more dignified, as the primary objective of Islamic law is to improve humanity.

COVID-19 Pandemic in Urban Environment and Household Population: An Exploratory Spatial Risk Analysis in Selangor, Malaysia

Malaysia faced the COVID-19 epidemic which had a huge impact on the community and environmental health in 2020. This paper was conducted to perform exploratory analysis on the feasible factors influencing the COVID-19 pandemic in Selangor using Geographical Information System (GIS) techniques. Two central objectives were carried out, specifically: i) to analyse the spatial-temporal distribution of COVID-19 cases by months and districts in the state; and ii) to identify the environmental factors that contribute to the increase of COVID-19 cases, including population, housing, urbanisation, gradient, and industrial area. Natural break classification method in ArcGIS was used to produce the COVID-19 map and analysis, followed by the possible correlation between the cases, and selected risk factors were determined using correlation analysis. Every district had experienced the pandemic, especially in the populous and urbanised district of Petaling and Klang. The cases rose in the last three months of 2020 namely October, November, and December. Although there were no dominant factors shaping the increasing cases as the correlation strength was mostly moderate and low trends, the number of population was suggested as the main local factor as there was a moderately strong correlation (r=0.56) due to uncontrolled human movements and crowded conditions in certain areas. GIS has also demonstrated its methodological capabilities and responsive planning to spot the spatial distribution and correlation of COVID-19 cases with the potential risk factors

COVID-19 Pandemic in Urban Environment and Household Population: An Exploratory Spatial Risk Analysis in Selangor, Malaysia

Malaysia faced the COVID-19 epidemic which had a huge impact on the community and environmental health in 2020. This paper was conducted to perform exploratory analysis on the feasible factors influencing the COVID-19 pandemic in Selangor using Geographical Information System (GIS) techniques. Two central objectives were carried out, specifically: i) to analyse the spatial-temporal distribution of COVID-19 cases by months and districts in the state; and ii) to identify the environmental factors that contribute to the increase of COVID-19 cases, including population, housing, urbanisation, gradient, and industrial area. Natural break classification method in ArcGIS was used to produce the COVID-19 map and analysis, followed by the possible correlation between the cases, and selected risk factors were determined using correlation analysis. Every district had experienced the pandemic, especially in the populous and urbanised district of Petaling and Klang. The cases rose in the last three months of 2020 namely October, November, and December. Although there were no dominant factors shaping the increasing cases as the correlation strength was mostly moderate and low trends, the number of population was suggested as the main local factor as there was a moderately strong correlation (r=0.56) due to uncontrolled human movements and crowded conditions in certain areas. GIS has also demonstrated its methodological capabilities and responsive planning to spot the spatial distribution and correlation of COVID-19 cases with the potential risk factors

Development of rough grinding equipment for raw biomass resource

This researchdeals with the development of rough grinding equipment for raw biomass resource.Significant of this project is to provide equipment to grind the raw biomass materials and produce standard size of particle materials. The objective of this thesis is to develop grinding machine for raw biomass and to fabricate a grinding machine for raw biomass. The thesis describes finite element analysis techniques to predict the displacement magnitude and identify the worst stress locates in the structures. The structural of three-dimensional solid modeling of the machine grinding was developed using Solidworks software. The strategy of validation of finite element model was developed. The finite element analysis was then performed using SolidWorks Simulation. The machine grinding for biomass structure was analyzed using the static stress with linear material models approaches. The result of simulation show the minimum factor of safety is greater than 1 which means this frame and shaft machine grinding is in safe condition. In fabrication process,the machine grinding will be fabricated based on the design has been made. Fabrication process has involves mechanical processes such as grinding, drilling, cutting, milling and etc. Test run on the machine grinding will be done after all process had been completed to get the standard size of particles from output materials. As a conclusion, the development of rough grinding equipment for raw biomass resource was been developed and the result of the simulation and output materials from machine grinding show the positive result

al Nabatat al Thibyar wa al 'Itriyat

514 hal.; 25 c

Subsurface Mapping of Fault Structure in The Weh Island by Using A 3D Density of Global Gravity

Indonesia's Aceh Province is an earthquake-prone area due to its location on the Great Sumatran Fault (GSF). Currently, earthquake mitigation by the local government constantly refers to the regional seismic hazard maps. However, some sources of an earthquake in the province which had caused damage to buildings and loss of human life were not easily traced to the fault on the surface. Currently, the mapping activities related to the Sumatra fault lines are only focused on the mainland. In contrast, the continuity of the GSF fault in the area of the sea and surrounding islands is very rarely studied. Weh Island is inhabited by many communities and has become a popular tourism area. This study aims to map the regional and local fault structure on the Weh Island using the gravity model plus (GGMPlus) data. We used the GGMPlus data with a resolution of 200 m for detailed mapping of regional and local faults. The 3D inversion of the GGMPlus data was carried out to obtain density parameters using two models, namely Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) and Occam optimization. The 3D inversion describes the presence of high-density rock blocks. A density value ranging between 2.72 - 2.96 gr/cm3 is interpreted as rocks with andesite-basaltic lava composition and lava or pyroclastic breccias resulting from local volcanic products as the rocks creating the island. Therefore, the zone interpreted as a local fault had a smaller density value (2.5 - 2.65 gr/cm3) than the surrounding. © 2022. Int. J. of GEOMATE All rights reserved, including making copies unless permission is obtained from the copyright proprietors

Physical health of preclinical medical students during covid-19

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, several preventive measures have been put in place including movement restriction and closure of non-essential services in Malaysia including educational premises and shifting towards online learning. Physical inactivity may impact medical students’ quality of life, particularly their physical and mental health, as both are especially influenced by doing physical activity. This study aimed to assess the physical health of medical students during the pandemic. This study has been approved by the institutional research committee (Research ID: 735). All Year 1 and Year 2 International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) medical students were invited to participate in this cross-sectional study. Participants were asked to complete an online, self-administered abbreviated World Health Organisation Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire from July until August 2021. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics 26 (IBM, New York). We received 158 responses, consisting of 77 Year 1 and 81 Year 2 students. All participants were undertaking online remote learning at the time of study. The mean score for overall quality of life was 14.58 (3.23) whereas the physical health domain mean score was 14.18 (2.48). We found that the requirement for medical treatment scored the highest 17.70 (3.42) whereas work capacity scored the lowest 12.25 (3.95). There was no significant difference in the scores between 14.50 (2.56) and 13.87 (2.37) for Year 1 and Year 2 students in the individual items (p=0.107- 0.862). We concluded that despite the nationwide lockdown, the medical students in IIUM reported acceptable-good quality of life and physical health. This could be due to their adaptation to the new norms by applying the right coping strategy. Future study to re-assess their quality of life is due should the lockdown are further extended or tightened

Association of barriers of learning during COVID-19 pandemic with mental health

On March 11, 2020, World Health Organization (WHO) declared that COVID-19 has become a pandemic. Therefore, online learning (OL) has replaced face-to-face teaching and learning sessions in many schools and colleges. This has forced the students to adapt to a new environment and overcome some barriers during the OL. However, the increase in suicidal rate among students is a disturbing phenomenon due to mental vulnerability experienced during the current worldwide situation. This study was done to investigate the association between barriers of learning during Covid-19 with mental well-being among International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) pre-clinical medical students. A cross-sectional study was conducted among the Year 1 (n=77) and Year 2 (n=81) medical students of IIUM, from July until August 2021. They were recruited to answer self-administered online questionnaires based on 5 remote learning barriers (inadequate interaction with classmates and teachers, lack of peer support and confidence to handle online tasks, and difficulty in applying taught concepts). The survey includes Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD-5) and Well Being Index (WHO5) to assess mental well-being and was approved by the institutional ethical committee (Research ID: 735). The results were analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics 26 (IBM, New York). The prevalence of depression and anxiety among medical students were 27.8% and 86.7% respectively. More than half of the respondents agreed with all learning barriers listed. However, the difficulty in applying taught concepts is the only significant barrier associated with depression (p<0.05). In conclusion, although only one item was identified as significant, it was an undeniable factor. Corrective measures must be taken to minimize it as continuous exposure may deteriorate mental health among medical students. Careful evaluation is required in order to ensure the quality of education remains upheld to its highest standards without jeopardizing the students’ psychological well-being

Association between sleep quality and mental health among IIUM medical students during COVID-19

Medical students usually sacrifice their sleep to adjust to their workloads. It is worth noting the importance of a good night's sleep to ensure the body and mind's optimum performance. However, depriving oneself of much-needed sleep in exchange for productivity has been shown to have deleterious consequences on the students' physical health and their state of mind. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between sleep quality and mental health among International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) medical students in the COVID-19 era. A cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2021 until August 2021 in IIUM and all year 1 and year 2 medical students were invited to participate. A total of 158 students responded, consisting of 77 first-year and 81 second-year medical students. The survey was distributed to assess the sleep quality using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the mental health status was measured using WHO-Five Well Being Index (WHO-5) for the depression level and the General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) for the anxiety level. The association between sleep quality and mental health was tested using Pearson's chi-square test and Fisher's Exact test. The findings showed a significant association between sleep quality and the mental health of medical students. A higher proportion of participants (86.4%) with depressive symptoms had poor sleep quality. Similarly, 81.8% of participants with anxiety symptoms had poor sleep quality. There was significant association between sleep quality and depression and/or anxiety (p<0.001). This study has shown a significant association between sleep quality and mental health status among IIUM medical students. It is highly recommended that the university provide interventions including advertising good sleep hygiene and coping mechanisms to support students' mental health in this COVID-19 era

Prevalence of depression and anxiety among IIUM pre-clinical medical students during COVID 19 pandemic

Given the tough nature of studying medicine, medical students are at higher risk of developing mental health-related issues such as depression and anxiety than the general public. The worries about what the future holds, lack of social interactions due to shifting towards online learning, and being confined inside the house for a long period of time due to government-imposed lockdown, might negatively affect medical students’ state of mind. This study was done to determine the prevalence of depression and anxiety among International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) preclinical medical students during COVID-19. A cross sectional study involving Year 1 (n=77) and Year 2 (n=81) medical students of IIUM was conducted from July till August 2020, and they were recruited to answer a self-administered online survey. This study was done in accordance with terms stipulated by the institutional ethical committee (Research ID: 735). The Generalized Anxiety Disorders Scale (GAD-7) and Well Being Index (WHO-5) scores were used to assess the level of anxiety and depression among the students respectively. The data were analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics 26 (IBM, New York). From 158 respondents, 27.8% of the students experienced depression, while 86.7% of the students flagged symptoms of anxiety. In accordance with this outcome, the concern about their physical well-being, social relationship and ffectiveness of online learning during this pandemic crisis are among the factors that might contribute to the increase of depression and anxiety among the students. This study has concluded that IIUM medical students showed an increased risk of suffering from depression and anxiety during COVID-19 era. It is highly suggested that proper interventions such as university support group online gathering, interactive online learning and gamification, and promotion of online counselling be administered in order to preserve good mental health of medical students during this pandemi